Zobandlululo - ubani lo?

Zobandlululo - indoda ayeqiniseka ukuphakama ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo ezinye izinhlanga phezu kwabanye, futhi lokho mehluko yilezo ezithatha isinqumo kule impumelelo zomlando namasiko ezizwe ezahlukene.

Ubandlululo ezweni lanamuhla

Ezweni lanamuhla, lapho ingxenye lesichubekako kakhulu emphakathini esivuna ikambisolawulo, ethandwa futhi umqondo ka bunyenti imibono kanye nemibono. Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma yimaphi buka, incazelo yaleli zomlando inqubo, ezombusazwe ukunyakaza kanye neminye imikhiqizo ukucabanga Unelungelo akhona futhi ukuvikela izikhundla zabo esebenzisa semthethweni. Ngo emkhakheni wezepolitiki uthi ememezela uhlelo lwentando yeningi namandla, ke kusho nokuhlalisana ngokuthula kulo amaqembu nokunyakaza ezihlukahlukene. Nokho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba bunyenti nokubekezelelana ayisoze enwetshiwe emibonweni misanthropic. Ngalo mqondo, i- "zobandlululo" - kusobala ukuzimisela ongathandeki, futhi abantu, obiza ukucwasa labo abanesifo yebala lakhe lesikhumba, (umumo iso) , noma ngisho nangokwengeziwe izenzo ezingekho emthethweni ngokumelene nabo kufanele nakanjani anomthwalo wemfanelo phambi komthetho.

Umlando zokucwasa

Lo mbono wokuthi abameleli ezahlukene izinhlanga womuntu kukhona ukungalingani amakhono abo, kwakukhona isikhathi eside kakhulu. Futhi, empeleni, kungcono wazalwa ngaphezu kwesikhathi esisodwa, ngokushesha nje lapho kwakukhona abameleli impucuko ezahlukene abahlukene umehluko zangaphandle. Nokho, isikhathi eside, ukubandlululwa akwenziwa kunoma iyiphi ifilosofi okunenjongo ngezizathu zokuthi luhlangotsi, kwekucala, kwakungekho ukubusa ethile abamele uhlanga oluthile ngaphezu kwesinye, futhi okwesibili, umane sasingekho isidingo. Kuvele kuphela ngenkathi ingcindezelo futhi mass ukuguqulwa baseYurophu abakhileyo yezwekazi lase-Afrika ngo-izigqila zabo. Lo mkhuba kufanele ukulungisiswa iso emphakathini, nasencekwini-abanikazi ngokwabo. Into yokuqala is lokulungisiswa yaphenywa eBhayibhelini, e indaba kaNowa bahlambalaza inzalo likaHamu - kusolakala labo Afrika kakhulu. Okokuqala wesayensi zobandlululo - waseFrance Zhozef Gobino. Lo muntu namanje phakathi kwekhulu XIX, kwaba umsunguli ukulungisiswa yesayensi ukuze ukungalingani izinhlanga womuntu. Ngesisekelo nemibono yayo kokuma esisebenzayo waqhubeka, kude kangakanani ekuthuthukisweni kwabo ushiye Europe ngalesi sikhathi - kwezomnotho, ezempi, izinhlangano zamasiko nezombusazwe - kusukela impucuko nezinye amazwekazi. Ngokusho Gobineau, kwaba ngenxa inzuzo yokuqala okubizwa ngokuthi umjaho Nordic ngamakhono bokusungula.

Sekukonke, Engxenyeni yesibili XIX leminyaka kanye nengxenye yokuqala yekhulu XX babe nesikhathi sokuchuma kanye elungile theory zokucwasa. Ngo 1860-1870-yalolucwaningo, ngemva ukuhoxiswa ebugqilini e-United States, isiqhakazile nokucwasa egcwele phakathi amasosha demobilized nezikhulu ibutho eningizimu. Abantu abacwasa American livela kithi izembatho ezimhlophe futhi nge hood. Abameleli beNdikimba Ku Klux Klan ngenxa yeminyaka imisebenzi yayo ziye zaba enye yezindawo izinhlamvu eyinhloko lokhu kuthambekela. Nokho, ilungu edume kunayo ideologist kanye nezinkolelo mayelana bebancane bezinhlanga ezithile abantu kuyinto-Adolf Hitler. Ngeshwa, ziphikelele ukungazi lakhe ultra-yanamuhla eRussia bayaqhubeka ukusebenzisa umfanekiso iQembu LamaNazi naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi amaNazi engaphelele osebenza uhlanga Slavic. Njengoba i counterargument ababuthakathaka kakhulu abacwasa Russian izingcaphuno izinkulumo lamaphoyisa isiJalimane, ukuvusela abanye imizwa yothando nabahlanganyeli bendawo futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuthi bafuna ukukuzwa. Nokho, ngemva kokunqotshwa kwe-nokucwasa National Socialist German baqhubeka nempilo enhle isikhathi eside kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba. Ngakho, esikhathini langesikhathi sobandlululo zobandlululo eNingizimu African Republic - akuyona isiqu ezingcolile. Kodwa kobandlululo yayikhona kuze 1990.