Ziqu ukukhubazeka. Icacisa degree of ukukhubazeka

Abantu abakhubazekile - yikhono layo kahle futhi ngokugcwele bafeze imisebenzi okhokhelwayo. Iningi labantu bakhe ukuphila ukunikezela umsebenzi wabo. Luqala ngokunikela Ukukhetha mkhakha, cwaningo nokwakheka kwalo. 30 - 40 iminyaka, umuntu eba zabo amakhono azidayisele esenana lomholo. Lokhu kubhekwa isikhathi ezisebenza umsebenzi.

izinhlobo zomsebenzi

ziqu ukukhubazeka kusho khona izinhlobo eziningana:

• imisebenzi zabasebenzi jikelele maqondana yimuphi umsebenzi ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile,
• umsebenzi professional kuhilela yokufuna isicelo ezikhethekile kanye ngokoqobo kolwazi e izimo elihambisana mkhakha;
• Amandla akhethekile umsebenzi lihlotshaniswa imibandela ethize sisebenza, ngokuvamile omubi, kunzima ukwenza futhi kudinga amakhono akhethekile ukuqeqeshwa.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlobo umsebenzi ekhetha umuntu, yena unalo ikhambi, uma kuza ukukhubazeka isikhashana esinqunyiwe noma ingqikithi.

Izimbangela ukukhubazeka

Bokuhlukaniswa ngokugcwele ukwenza umsebenzi singenzeka nge isifo omsebenzi kumbe jikelele. Ukuze izifo ezivame izinkinga zempilo ukuthi kungukuthi ezihlobene izimo zokusebenza yinkimbinkimbi mkhakha. Ngokuvamile kuba nomuntu Imininingwane ekhubazekile lapho kungadingeki isikhathi eside ukuthuthukiswa okukhethekile, noma yimuphi amakghono anqophileko. Izifo eziba umphumela kuyizipho engiwenzayo ngokwemvelo, kodwa, nokho, ukulahlekelwa okwesikhashana ikhono ukusebenza ikhokhelwa uhulumeni noma umqashi ngokuhambisana imithetho yezabasebenzi.

ukukhubazeka Occupational zabantu kuhlobene izingozi yomsebenzi wabo noma atholwe ngenxa yezimo ezimbi zokusebenza yisiphi isifo. Kulokhu, lingena force hhayi kuphela "Labor Law", kodwa futhi imithetho yomshwalense ku izingozi emsebenzini.

ukukhubazeka esinqunyiwe

Wonke umuntu unelungelo lokuthola ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okusezingeni uma kwenzeka ukukhubazeka isikhashana esinqunyiwe noma ingqikithi. I degree of ukukhubazeka, futhi ngokufanelekile, isinxephezelo yemali kunqunywa udokotela ukuba khona noma iKhomishani. Inani izinkokhelo incike noma kumcimbi kwesamba, noma wamiswa inqubo zomthetho. A ngokwengxenye ukungakwazi yesikhashana umuntu ukwenza imisebenzi babo bomsebenzi. Kule ndaba, isibonisa iphesenti degree of nokulahlekelwa umthamo ukusebenza, okuyinto yibhodi wezokwelapha. Kungenzeka 10 - 30% izinga sangaphambilini esebenza, lapho isisebenzi esithile kudinga nezinye izimo zokusebenza, noma ukukhiqizwa umthamo ezincane. Level 40 - 60% uchazwa ngokuthi umuntu ungaqhubeka umsebenzi wakhe ngalesi umsebenzi encishisiwe kakhulu noma ukunciphisa izinga ziqu. Lapho umsebenzi ongenza umsebenzi kuphela ushintsho oluphelele izimo, hhayi ngokugcwele, ukuhlola ukukhubazeka inquma lizinga ukukhubazeka 70 - 90%.

Inkokhelo elivezwa okonakele

Uma umsebenzi has isifo ovamile, hhayi professional, nguye futhi ikhokhwe ikhefu lokugula lonke isikhathi sokwelashwa.

pay Sick senziwa ngokuhambisana komthetho wezabasebenzi.

Lapho yesikhashana umqashi isimo ukukhubazeka noma ingxenye noma ngokuphelele ivala isisebenzi elahlekile nomholo ngenxa yokugula.

• Ngakho, uma isipiliyoni wesisebenzi ingaphansi kweminyaka engu-5, elamukelayo 60% wemali.
• Nge ubude iminyaka 5 kuya ku-8 - 80%.
• Lapho isipiliyoni umsebenzi - iminyaka engu-10 nangaphezulu, isinxephezelo ngeke neze-100% inkokhelo isilinganiso.

uhlu Special

Ngaphansi komthetho, abantu ukukhubazeka ngokwengxenye alethwe ohlwini ekhethekile, okumele ikhokhwe ngesilinganiso 100%, kungakhathaliseki ubude umsebenzi wabo. Lezi zihlanganisa:

• ababuya empini futhi abahlanganyeli ukulwa imisebenzi;
• abasebenzi kokuqukethwe okuyinto 3 noma eyingane ngaphezulu;
• abafazi noma amadoda empi (lokhu akusebenzi ababuthiwe);
• abesifazane enikiwe ikhefu lokuyobeletha;
• izintandane wangaphambili nezingane bancishwa ukunakekelwa kwabazali.

ukukhubazeka isikhashana esinqunyiwe kusho ukungabi yesikhashana emsebenzini ngenxa yokugula jikelele.

ukukhubazeka obuphelele

Uma isisebenzi okubekwe ngayo ngokucacile iziyaluyalu umzimba, kuhlobane ngokuqondile imisebenzi yakhe professional, futhi ayikwazi ukuqhubeka ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo, esunguliwe 100% ukukhubazeka.

Lapho umuntu onjalo abalimala emsebenzini noma kuba ehlatshwa ngenxa imisebenzi yakhe professional, ufanelwe ukuba isinxephezelo semali. Ukufaneleka lokukhubazeka isisebenzi kunqunywa ngokuhambisana umcimbi insured noma umsebenzi okhethekile.

Ukuze ukukhubazeka umnyuziki kuhlanganisa hhayi kuphela ukulimala kanye ukulimala eholela zengozi, kodwa futhi izifo emsebenzini, okuyinto ungavumeli isisebenzi ukuba bahlanganyele ikusasa ibhizinisi labo.

izifo emsebenzini

Izifo ukuthi umuntu ethola ngokuqondene nemisebenzi yabo professional, zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili:

• Lo mqeqeshi owake wapheka abe Convertible ngokwengxenye noma ngokugcwele. Ziyakwazi esilaphekayo, futhi ezifana ukukhubazeka emsebenzini uvame elihlobene ne izimpawu nomzimba noma izigaba sokuqala ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula kanye ukudakwa. Ngezinye izikhathi kwanele ukushintsha imibandela yokusebenza ukwelashwa ukuze alulame ngokugcwele. Ukuze iqembu lokuqala abantu, kukhona izikhungo zokuvimbela futhi ekwelapheni, lapho bangakwazi ukuthola usizo lochwepheshe.

• Iqembu lesibili akukwazi ikhambi eliphelele. Lezi zihlanganisa izifo emsebenzini ezifana pneumoconiosis, ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa, ukudakwa ezinzima. Abezokwelapha inquma izinga lomonakalo nomzimba womuntu futhi wenze isinqumo ukusungulwa ukukhubazeka. Ngokuvamile lezi zifo, "yene" by-isifo asathuthuka ngemuva ukubonakaliswa ezingamahlalakhona. Ngakho iqembu ukukhubazeka zingahluka.

Iqembu labasebenzi yesibili kufanele inikezwe isiqondiso esikhungweni sokwelapha le nkinga ezikhethekile.

Ukwenza ukukhubazeka

Umbuzo zesichasiso yokukhubazeka kubhekwa kuphela uma kwenziwe ukuhlolisisa egcwele umsebenzi ukukhubazeka. Amaqiniso kokuthola isifo ziyahlolwa ngokuqondene nemisebenzi yabo, noma emsebenzini. ekomidini zabasebenzi lodokotela ucabangela ukukhubazeka esekelwe ngokubona Abezokwelapha kanye nohlu wamanje izifo emsebenzini. Ngokusho imihlahlandlela okhona, bahlola ziqu abasebenzi ikhono ukusebenza, wezwakalisa njengoba amaphesenti uzaqiniswa ubukhulu ukulahlekelwa kwayo.

Iqembu lokuqala nelesibili yokukhubazeka ukhishwa uma ukudakwa noma ukulimala ngesikhathi kwehla ingozi. Futhi kuleli qembu ungase uthole abasebenzi abane-izifo professional lidlule ku isigaba engelapheki noma Ezingalapheki.

Kuleso simo, uma umuntu, kanye ukukhiqizwa ngisho ezinye izifo, ziya ziba zimbi nakakhulu ngenxa umthelela kubo "ukusebenza" isifo futhi iwela isigaba eliphezulu futhi kubhekwe imibandela semthethweni.

Ukuze izinhlangano zikwazi ukusungula ngokunembile degree of ukukhubazeka lezisebenzi, uchwepheshe kumele kube onguchwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe.

ivikelwe impilo

Ngokuhambisana a umonakalo emzimbeni noma engqondweni, okuyinto kwaba umsebenzi ngesikhathi umsebenzi wakhe, wabekwa ukunxeshezelwa ngokwezimali ngo lemali eyayifunwa komthetho wezabasebenzi.

Okwamanje wemukeleke ukuthi abasebenzi baye baphetha isivumelwano yomshwalense uma kwenzeka ukukhubazeka. Uma umsebenzi kancane inoperative, uyazibeka icala iholo, isinxephezelo emithi kanye nokugcinwa esibhedlela, inkokhelo yesikhathi esisodwa kusukela Social Insurance Fund.

Uma ikhwalifikheshini ethile Kumiswa ukukhubazeka ngenxa yokulimala kabi, isisebenzi kumele sikhokhwe isabelo nyangazonke, inqobo ukunakekelwa ezifanele wezokwelapha kanye ithuba lokulungisa eyayenziwa esibhedlela.

Kuzuze ukukhubazeka

Kuleso simo, uma ngabe sisebenti yakhutshazwa i isifo emsebenzini, noma mayelana nesigameko ukulimala zezimboni kanye walahlekelwa ikhono ukusebenza ngokugcwele, ngokudluliswa emsebenzini ukukhanya noma ngosuku mfushane nge amaholo isinxephezelo. Lokhu kumayelana namaqembu 1 no-2 ukukhubazeka.

Iqembu lesithathu unikelwa ukukhubazeka egcwele, isisebenzi sikaHulumeni ngeke isakwazi bafeza izabelo zabo, noma uphinde uqeqeshe e ukugula ezimbonini noma ukulimala.

Inguquko komunye iqembu kwenye ukukhubazeka ezenziwe olusekelwe ekuhloleni wezokwelapha.

Isinqumo kwinani lezinkokhelo ngenxa yokugula, isinxephezelo emithi kanye nokwelashwa esibhedlela ithatha i-Social Insurance Fund, esekelwe idatha enikeza umhloli wezokwelapha. Ngokusho kocwaningo futhi kutholakale umsuka wendaba yesihluku umonakalo ngokomzimba nangokokuziphatha ukuba isisulu ngokungabi bikho wecala inikezwa inani isinxephezelo, kanye nezixazululo kungenzeka nokuvuselelwa nesineke. Lokhu kusebenza izinyathelo ezifana kwencazelo olimele umtholampilo onguchwepheshe, izimvume sokubhaliswa sibhedlela icala sokusebenza kwengqondo kokuthintana.

Inkokhelo enkantolo

Uma umsebenzi seluthole ukukhubazeka ngokuqondene nemisebenzi yabo ekukhiqizeni, ufanelwe ukuba imbuyiselo wezempilo ukuliliswa zokuziphatha.

Umbuzo isinxephezelo lemali isinqunyiwe ngokuvumelana esiphethweni, onikeza umhloli wezokwelapha. Yena ihlola ukuthi isisulu sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo mayelana nalesi sigameko futhi ukuhlola umonakalo zokuziphatha. Futhi, kungaba ukusebenzisa uma kwenzeka ukuthi umsebenzi alivumelani iqembu yokukhubazeka, yena waklonyeliswa VTEK.

Kulokhu, umsebenzi wabophisa umqashi noma inkampani yomshuwalense. Wina ke kungaba ekulungiseleleni uchwepheshe iziphetho iqembu ukukhubazeka okungezona nesikhathi babelwe noma inani isinxephezelo esimweni engqondweni nasemzimbeni lapho lowo ophathwe kabuhlungu.

Ukunikeza Ukuhlola isisebenzi, ukuba ungabe usasebenza kahle

Kukhona izinkathi kabusha Ukuhlola impilo yabasebenzi, ehlatshwa. Lokhu kwenziwa ngenxa yokuthi lesi sifo bangaragela phambili, futhi Ukuwohloka impilo ka isisulu kudinga izinga ezahlukene ukukhubazeka noma isinxephezelo.

Phinda luhlolo senzeka ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-6, ngemva konyaka noma emibili emva ukuxilongwa lokuqala. Ngokuvamile le nqubo kwakwenziwa kanye ngonyaka. Ayisebenzi kulabo abasebenzi kabani isifo yaziwa njengenye engelapheki noma kabani ukulimala ungavumeli ukuba uqhubeke usebenza. abantu anjalo abelwa nge izinkokhelo impilo yonke impesheni yokukhubazeka.

Ungaya ngaphambi kabusha luhlolo, uma isimo lesiguli sawohloka kakhulu, okuyinto ukuqiniswa Abezokwelapha. Kulokhu, lo lezempilo nezenhlalo Ubuchwepheshe bureau amasheke kanye neyenza isiqunto esekelwe imiphumela emisha.

Futhi, isisebenzi ilungelo isicelo ekuqaleni uhlole isimo sayo. Ngaphezu kabusha Ukuhlola umsebenzi ongafaka isicelo inkampani yomshuwalense noma umqashi, uma ukungafani ezatholakala amadokhumenti, noma manga.