Zenhliziyo - kuyini? Izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa zenhliziyo e abadala kanye nezingane

Zokwelapha, ziye zakhomba eziningi amafomu, behlanganiswe umqondo owodwa - "zenhliziyo" (kuyini, kuzoxoxwa ngezansi). Uhlobo ngalunye has zokugula ayo yezimbangela. Ngokulandelayo, sihlolisise njengoba cardiopathy beboniswa lokho oyikho nalokho ezelaphayo abazenzi.

Uhlolojikelele

Ngaphambi echaza indlela sibonakalise zenhliziyo, ukuthi kuyini, kufanele kusho ukuthi eyodwa yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu uphethwe kubhekwa echocardiography. imisebenzi zokwelapha abazenzi ezimweni ukungamukeleki ephelele reception utshwala (abadala). Ezimweni eziningi, zenhliziyo - ukuhlukumeza yentuthuko bokuphila e izicubu imisipha yenhliziyo. I zokugula kuhambisana ezidabukile ubuhlungu. Lesi sibonakaliso zingahlanganiswa umzimba.

ngezigaba

Cardiopathy (lokho kusho ngenhla) e ngandlela-thile singenzeka emazingeni ahlukene. Lapho dishormonal uhlobo isifo abesifazane angagcina disorder umzimba. It yena, kuphakamisa izinkinga nomsebenzi wesibeletho. Indawo ekhethekile phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo kuthatha zenhliziyo sokusebenza. Lolu hlobo ngokuvamile kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini esemncane kuya enkathini yokuthomba. zenhliziyo Functional ephelezelwa ezidabukile ubuhlungu endaweni inhliziyo. emizweni ungakhululekile futhi singathandeki kwezinye izimo, kudlule masinyane, futhi ngezinye izikhathi imisiwe kuze kudlule isikhathi eside, izinsuku ezimbalwa. Uma lenyuka production kwama-hormone egilo zenhliziyo eba-hyperthyroidism. Kulokhu, inhliziyo yandisa, kwaphazamisa isigqi sakhe. Uma kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini njengoba zenhliziyo ezinjalo, ukwelashwa ikakhulukazi sibhekiswe ekubuyiseleni ukusebenza evamile indlala yegilo. Njengoba sihambisana nale yokwelapha ihilela ukususwa ukwehluleka senhliziyo esilimele.

Zenhliziyo ezinganeni

Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, lo zokugula kaningi kwenzeka umuntu afe esemncane. Kungaba ngenxa kokubili isegazini futhi atholwe izici ukuthi avele inqubo ekuthuthukiseni ngokomzimba ingane ikhula. Zenhliziyo ezinganeni uvame ebonwe iminyaka maphakathi kanye junior esikoleni esiphakeme. Lo mkhuba kungenzeka ezihlobene azalwa naso inhliziyo yayo yayinezinkinga ezicini noma ube uhlobo rheumatism. Kulokhu, sibonise zokugula waphawula kusukela ekuzalweni komuntu.

usakhula

Zenhliziyo, izimpawu zazo ziyabonakala ngesimo ukukhathala, listlessness, zingenzi lutho olunyakazisa inhliziyo, okwehlisa umzimba izinqubo. Imiphumela yokwehluleka enjalo kungaba zazinzima kakhulu futhi iyingozi. Ikakhulukazi, ukuhlukumeza cishe isisindo, iphika, ngisho ngesikhathi uhambo ethule. Uma kukhona izikhalazo ingane ukuba isimo eziya ziba zimbi nempilo, abazali kufanele ibonise ingane kudokotela onguchwepheshe.

Imininingwane ebalulekile

Ngezinye zisencane kakhulu kubalulekile ukuqapha ngokucophelela impilo ingane ngesikhathi imidlalo ahlukahlukene ongaphandle. Futhi kunconyiwe ukuhlolwa ngesikhathi wenhliziyo okungenani kanye ngonyaka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ngampela electrocardiogram ukufundwa. Against ngemuva zokugula inhliziyo ikhononda kungatholakala ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngokubonakaliswa kamuva yesifo zihlanganisa yokuphazamiseka inhliziyo isigqi, ebonakaliswa ngesimo arrhythmia futhi tachycardia. Letha lokhu akudingekile. Ochwepheshe batusa ukuba athathe izinyathelo ngesikhathi esifanele ukuze ekuvimbeleni izifo kanye nokugcinwa impilo yengane.

I ukubonakaliswa ezivamile

Ngokuvamile bahlonze lezi ukwephula elandelayo ukuthuthukiswa bokuphila ijwabu imisipha yenhliziyo:

• ukuthuthukiswa engafanele ventricles.
• Anastomosis Umthambo.
• Ukuba ugqinsi septum phakathi ventricles.
• Stenoses, futhi ukuvaleka we valve inhliziyo.
• Ukukhubazeka kokushaya conduction.
• Offset inhliziyo-eksisi kagesi.

Zonke lezi zimpawu kungaholela inhliziyo isigqi kwezinso, inciphise igazi akhishwa, zenhliziyo zokuphefumula (wamaphaphu) isifo, edema.

Pathology wengane

Kunezinhlobo eziningana izifo. Bona ziyabonakala ubudala ezahlukene. zibhekwa ezivamile:

• zenhliziyo yesibili. Lokhu ukuma ukhonza njengoba phetho imikhuhlane. Secondary ifomu cardiopathy kutholakala uma kwenzeka focus ukuvuvukala emzimbeni. Noma yimuphi zokugula kwezitho zangaphakathi Ungase futhi avuse lolu hlobo isifo. Nokho, ingxenye enkulu yaleli fomu livela ngenxa ukubukeka izifo ezifana:

- myocarditis;

- ukuvuvukala emaphashini;

- endocarditis infective ;

- zamehlo valve inhliziyo futhi imisipha;

- isifuba somoya.

Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla kulokhu lula yokuthi ingane engaphansi njalo kweso lwezokwelapha syndrome Primary.

• zenhliziyo azalwa naso. It kubonakala ngesimo pre-natal nokuvuthwa zamehlo imisipha yenhliziyo.
• zenhliziyo Dysplastic. Utfutfukisa bedle rheumatism. I zokugula ongakaphathelani izici ukusebenza umzimba wengane. Ngaphansi dysplastic cardiopathy kuqondwe ukwephulwa ubuqotho kwezicubu kulandele esikhundleni ethintekile inelastic fibre yokuxhuma izakhiwo. izindawo ezilimele abakwazi ngokwanele ukubhekana nemisebenzi yawo sokusebenza. Lokhu kuyimbangela yokumelwa yinhliziyo.

zenhliziyo Functional e ingane

Kuleli fomu sifo kungaba isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukukhuluma. Ngokwazo cardiopathy obusebenzayo Samukelwa umzimba kuya iyakhula ungakulungele kungalindelekile emsipheni noma uvivinye umzimba. Le ndlela lesi sifo ngokuvamile ngenxa yokufundisa okungafanele ekilasini imfundo ngokomzimba. Thishela kufanele inake hhayi kuphela izici yobudala abafundi, kodwa futhi izinga jikelele ukuqina zabo ezingokwenyama ukuze umthwalo ethile. Ukuthuthukisa zenhliziyo tekusebentisa labo bafundi abenza baphoqwa abazali bakhe ukuba bahlanganyele izikole ezemidlalo kanye nezigaba. Ngakho umzimba wabo ngokuvamile ungakakulungeli nakakhulu leyo misebenzi. Ukuze ugweme ukuxakeka ngaphambi kokuba ukubhalisa umntwana esigabeni kumele kuhlolwe ngudokotela wenhliziyo. Ngemva kwenyanga ukuqala imisebenzi yezemidlalo Kunconywa ukubona onguchwepheshe futhi. In the ukungabikho ukwephulwa wokuhlola elilandelayo uvunyelwe ukuchitha uhhafu ngonyaka.

emitholampilo isithombe

Izenzo isifo zincike lapho zendawo nqubo ebhubhisayo. Lapho kunqotshwa kwesokunxele ATRIUM futhi ventricle izimpawu zesifo zimi kanje:

• Ukukhathala.
• Ubuthakathaka.
• ishayela Rapid.
• Soreness endaweni inhliziyo.
• Cyanosis unxantathu Nasolabial.
• Ukungakwazi afeze eside isikhathi umsebenzi.
• isikhumba okhanyayo.

Ukunqotshwa kwe-senhliziyo esifanele, yamaphaphu izimpawu avuse:

• Ukuzimuka endaweni inhliziyo.
• Njalo ukukhwehlela engenangqondo.
• ukujuluka ngokweqile.
• Puffiness.
• Ukuphelelwa ngumoya.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, lo syndromes eyinhloko ahambisana isithombe jikelele kokuyekethisa ubuqotho imisipha yenhliziyo. iziphetho Ngini olunembile kungenziwa shi kuphela ngemva ahlolwe kahle emzimbeni wengane. Kulokhu, ochwepheshe ukunikeza Izibikezelo kahle. kungenziwa ezingeni samanje yentuthuko imithi, ngisho emacaleni okunzima zenhliziyo belashwa ngaphandle okungenzeka yezinkinga eside.

ukwelashwa Izici

Ukwelashwa izokhetheka ngokuvumelana uhlobo lesi sifo. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho cardiopathy obusebenzayo ukusebenzisa indlela interferential. Kulokhu, i unit ezifanele. Baphatha abantu abaneminyaka engu-eminyakeni 10-14. Ngenxa yokuthi abe nozwela abantu izidakamizwa, Ochwepheshe nokuthuthukisa ukwethula izindlela ezintsha ze-non-izidakamizwa ikhuphuke kakhulu kule minyaka yamuva. Nokho, lapho cardiopathy climacteric, isib, udokotela ekunika okungcono yasekhemisi. Ingqikithi yokwelapha kulesi simo kunciphisa ukuba isicelo kusho ngesisekelo valerian. Ephambi kwezinduna T negative amagagasi, odokotela batusa izidakamizwa 'Inderal' futhi 'verapamil'. Lezi imithi Nokho, akufanele kuthathwe ngaso bradycardia ezinzima kakhulu. Ezimweni zibe nzima ngokukhethekile, onguchwepheshe angakunika umuthi yokwelapha i-hormone. Inkomba eyinhloko ukuphumelela Yiqiniso zokwelapha kulokhu ubhekwa ukuncipha eziphawulekayo ubuhlungu ukuthi akuxhomekile ECG. Iziguli futhi uncoma ACE inhibitor ( "Benazepril", "quinapril" et al.). Umthamo esimweni ngasinye isethwe ngamunye ngokuvumelana nezici umzimba futhi tolerability. Umuthi ethile has nemiphumela engemihle (ingcindezi nabanye). Kule ndaba, kubalulekile ukuba acabangele ematfuba yezinkinga lapho ekhetha imithi. Folk uphulukisa zenhliziyo ivamile impela. Nokho, ngaphambi kokuba isicelo kadokotela kufanele kudokotela. Okubaluleke kakhulu ekwelapheni isifo, ikakhulukazi izingane, it has a ukuzivivinya okufanele nokuvivinya umzimba njalo emoyeni opholile.