Volgograd Sarepta: umlando, izithombe

Lesi sakhiwo emlandweni futhi yokwakha emangalisayo uzokwazi ukubona bonke abeza Volgograd ukuza. Sarepta isendaweni elisemaphethelweni aseningizimu edolobheni. Wasinda ngokuyisimangaliso imizana amaLuthela eyakhelwe - bamakoloni, okuyinto yasungulwa futhi umphakathi zenkolo Herrnhuters.

Umlando waseZarefati (Volgograd)

Namuhla, endaweni elikhulu edolobheni, kokubili ngokoMthetho insimu futhi ngokuya labantu, kuyinto Krasnoarmeysk. Kodwa eminyakeni 230 edlule, leli zwe laliwumuzi omncane, okuyinto yasungulwa abasuka eJalimane. Wayelethwa okuthiwa Sarepta.

Ekhulwini XVIII Russian Umbusikazi uCatherine II abamenyiwe bakubo iqhaza ekuthuthukiseni singenamuntu eningizimu umngcele izifunda of Russia. On ucingo yakhe yokuqala ukuphendula Herrnhuters abahlala Saxony. Bengamakholwa futhi inzalo Moravian Bazalwane, ngubani baphoqeleka ukuba bashiye amakhaya abo ngemva nokucindezela yamaHussite revolution. Ngo emashumini ambalwa ngaphambi bathuthela eRussia, abafowethu Czech lahlala Saxony Gerngut zokuhlala. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, umphakathi wabo ikhuphuke kakhulu. Kwangena abanamathele entsha.

Herrnhuters wamukela ukwakhisa ngaphansi kombandela wokuthi uzonikezwa ithuba bahlanganyele emsebenzini wezithunywa zevangeli. Babefuna ukuletha iZwi likaNkulunkulu ukuze konke ukuhlupheka, ukuze banakekele abagulayo, abampofu, nezilima. Indawo zokuhlala abalithandayo phakathi izipesheli eziningi. Lapho ukuthi isikhathi kanye ngokuthi komnikazi, abafowethu baqala ukuba bafunde iBhayibheli. Bafunda amazwi kaJehova, lapho abhekisela ku-Eliya umprofethi, the ethunyelwe waseZarefati yaseSidoni. UNkulunkulu wakwenza ukuze endlini yowesifazana umfelokazi, okuyinto wayeka umprofethi neze sancipha ufulawa kubhavu, ibhotela embizeni sisekhona. Lokhu kusindisa nowesifazane othile nendodana yakhe ekufeni.

Mhlawumbe, kuba ngengozi emangalisayo, kodwa Sarepta yethu (Volgograd), odume ukwenziwa emafutheni zemifino kanye ufulawa. Ngisho nanamuhla ungabona emashalofini imikhiqizo elinegama elithi "Sarepta".

kutfutfukiswa kwetindzawo tekuhlala

Njengoba iminyaka idlula, ikoloni lachuma. Kuye izitshalo eziningana yatshalwa ezithelo, izivini namasimu. Sarepta elalibhekwa njengelinye lamazwe zokungcebeleka best of Russia, ke idume udaka yayo obhavu kanye imithombo yamanzi amtoti. Kwakubonakala sengathi uqobo lwakhe evikelwe ezakhamuzini komnikazi eziwumshayabhuqe nezinhlekelele zemvelo. Yilokho umsebenzi wezithunywa zevangeli kuphela umyalo wombusi wawuvinjelwe emashumini eminyaka ambalwa kamuva. Lokhu kuchazwe iqiniso lokuthi ukusabalala yeVangeli isithiyo ukudayisa kanye nentuthuko yomnotho.

Kusukela kulo mzuzwana ukuphila aqala ukufiphala e Sarepta. Iningi Herrnhuters bamakoloni ahamba, futhi labo abasala Ujoyine umphakathi LamaLuthela. Izizukulwane zabo zathola kwabhidlika noma badingiselwa Kazakhstan naseSiberia ngesikhathi ezingabekwa zokucindezelwa kwalabo bantu kwekhulu XX.

Ukudalwa Museum and imigomo yayo

Ngo-September 1990, uMkhandlu woNgqongqoshe we Russian Federation wanquma ukusungula endaweni elikhulu ezivulekile Museum. Wabamba ngesikhathi amahektha amahlanu. Yezinjongo eziyinhloko zendalo walo wawubheke alondoloze isampula esiyingqayizivele zomlando bekuhlela ezisemadolobheni XVIII-XIX eminyaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imvuselelo kuhlelwe ubuchwepheshe bendabuko kanye nezimboni, amasiko abantu asenesikhathi eside owakhiwe leli zwe kazwelonke. Namuhla, "Sarepta" (Volgograd) - Museum, ubani kuvumelana izikhungo ehola ucwaningo kuleli zwe. Ugqugquzela ifa zamasiko nezomlando yeRussia.

Museum "Sarepta" (Volgograd) umsebenzi izikhungo we-German, isiRashiya, isi-Ukrainian, isiTatar, Belarusian, kanye Kalmyk abantu. Lapha zidalwe nemibandela ukuze kulondolozwe amaningi yobuhlanga yesifunda, ukuthuthukiswa inter-yobuhlanga zokuxhumana futhi abantu namasiko njalo ngcono.

Nge iqhaza kwabantu bendawo esikhathini esifushane yesikhathi, umnyuziyamu uye abe ngumnikazi amaqoqo lekhethelo ethnography imivubukulo futhi Numismatics. Ukuziqhenya Museum ingobo yomlando isithombe Isikhwama. Esichasiselweni sakhe esithi luqukethe izinto egqamisa ubunjalo izifiki isiJalimane zokuphila namasiko, Kalmyks futhi abalimi Russian.

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe "Sarepta" (Volgograd)

Namuhla, i-Museum-reserve isibe izivakashi ezinkulu, kwamasiko, ucwaningo kanye isikhungo methodological of Volgograd. Manje ihlanganisa indawo engaphezu kuka 7 amahektha. On insimu yalo 26 izakhiwo ngasinda. 23 kulo bayizinkulungwane izikhumbuzo XVIII-XIX eminyaka olubaluleke sikahulumeni. Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe "Sarepta" (Volgograd), isithombe ongawabona kulesi sihloko, has abaqeqeshiwe futhi onekusasa yesayensi, ikuvumela ukuba ugcine, cwaningo kanye ukukhuthaza ifa izizwe we iVolga esifundeni.

Kirche

Omunye sites main lathumela Sarepta kuyinto esontweni lamaLuthela. Itholakala enyakatho endaweni emaphakathi kwalesi sigodi futhi ehlukanisa emzaneni evela emathuneni, ngaleyo ndlela efanekisela umugqa omncane ehlukanisa kokufa nokuphila.

Ikamelo lokuqala, eyenzelwe imithandazo, lanikezelwa umbhishobhi Nichmanom ngo-1766. Nokho, esikhathini esingangonyaka kamuva isonto wayiswa kwelinye ibhilidi, elalikade senzelwe inhlangano ekhaya. Kamuva, kwadalulwa enamathiselwe iphiko nge zokuhlala ikhanda ngaphonswa umfundisi.

Ukwakhiwa isonto elisha Lutheran uqalwe 1771 ngezithukuthuku ukuthi koloni Uthole isipho kusukela uCatherine II. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iminikelo abazalwane babesebenzisa. Lesi sakhiwo esisha lanikezelwa ngemva konyaka (1772).

A imodeli ibandla eZarefati wakhonza njengephayona ihholo isonto e Lichtenburg. Lesi sakhiwo ine isitayela olukhuni kakhulu yezakhiwo. Yena liyalingana canons "gerngutskogo imiklamo yobuciko". Kirche kuyinto unxande wokwakha ezimbili storey enophahla gable futhi cishe elingenalo umhlobiso yezakhiwo. Kuye ngesandla esisodwa kwathiwa exhunywe iphiko. Kwakukhona amafulethi usihlalo waleli koloni nabefundisi.

Ngemva Okthoba Revolution-1917 inkonzo esontweni kwaqhubeka iminyaka engu-20. Noma kunjalo, ngo-1930 kwathiwa wakhipha isimemezelo ku ukuvala ke. Empeleni, lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1937 Ngemva kwempi yezwe yesibili isakhiwo lahlelwa cinema "Kultarmeets". Ngo kabusha umbhoshongo sabhidlizwa, umzimba adiliza, isuswe insimbi, wabeka ezinye ukuvuleka amafasitela. Ngecala langasentla kwakukhona isandiso, okuyinto kwaku foyer ebhayisikobho. Ngo-1967, kodwa leyo ndawo yeshashalazi savalwa futhi isonto asegunjini ishede.

Namuhla, izivakashi eziningi eza Volgograd Sarepta afakwe ohlwini esiyisibopho indawo. Abakwazi ukubona ushintsho oluphawulekayo endleleni isakhiwo sesonto, okwakuwuphawu ingxenye Museum ngo-1991 Ngemva kweminyaka emine (1995) lapho isidlulile ngesokuqala ngemva kweminyaka eminingi, izimfundiso onesizotha.

isitho

Abaningi izikhumbuzo esiyingqayizivele zomlando Volgograd abadumile. Sarepta kuthatha liyindawo efanelekayo phakathi kwabo. Omunye ezikhangayo esemqoka ke ubhekwa umzimba efakwe esontweni.

Yena wethulwa emphakathini edolobheni Vehtersbaha (Germany). eselishova yakhe zikuvumela ukushintsha ezincwadini ngesikhathi game. Ibandla lamaLuthela njalo aphethwe amakhonsathi wezinsimbi nogwali. Namuhla kuwukuphela inhlangano lesifunda ngomsindo bukhoma, ngaphandle imiphumela electronic.

Ukuqopha equilibr

Ngesikhathi Museum ungabona into ebaziwe ufanekisela ukuvumelana ibhalansi - Equilibre. Lesi sipho kuya edolobheni-hero udadewabo Cologne. Yaqala ngo-2004 ngesikhathi ekugubheni Izinsuku German Namasiko.

Umsebenzi kwenziwa itshe, umlobi uRolf Schaffner - umbazi abadumile evela eJalimane. Le ngxenye Ukwakheka grand phezu kwala maphuzu amahlanu. Ayakhululwa emadolobheni ayisihlanu European - Cologne (Germany), Cork (Ireland), Santo (Spain) Kronheyme (Norway). Manje, ukwakheka likhona Volgograd.

umsebenzi kwezemfundo

Ukuze zonke izivakashi eza Volgograd Sarepta kwenza indaba ibhaleke omkhulu. Kepha akusikho lokho kuphela kulondolozwe izikhumbuzo zomlando. Imyuziyemu-Reserve seminar njalo Interregional kwezesayensi, "round amathebula", izingqungquthela, ishicilela siqu ibhuku kwalo ngokwesayensi futhi iphephandaba "Izindaba waseZarefati."
Museum iyona engcono kunazo zonke esifundeni, zokuhlola umsebenzi umtapo German isiRashiya, isi-German kanye Kalmyk isiko izikhungo.