Violin Austria futhi umqambi Kreysler noFrits: lokusungula

Izwe yobuciko zomculo has inqwaba amagama geniuses kweqiniso. ithalente labo kanye neqhaza ekuthuthukiseni art phakade zangishiya kumlando, wanika emhlabeni eziningi yobuciko zomculo, okubhekiselwe kuyo njengoba zabuna namuhla. endaweni yalo efanele phakathi abaculi omkhulu kuthatha violin Austria futhi umqambi Kreysler noFrits. Udume hhayi nje ngobe kutawutfutfukisa virtuoso violin, kodwa futhi badale imisebenzi emangalisa ukuthi manje replayed besikhathi begodu afakiwe eqoqweni segolide yobuciko umculo classic.

biography

Kreysler noFrits wazalwa ngo-1875 e Vienna. Uyise wasebenza njengoba udokotela futhi kwesiyingi nengangibajwayele wayaziwa njengenhlangano okhuthele umculo lover. Mhlawumbe lobu bumnandi kwaba isizathu ukukhetha ikusasa indodana yakhe.

Eminyakeni emine, Kreysler noFrits violin futhi ngempela ngokushesha waphumelela kuso. Siyabonga amakhono elihlakaniphile futhi ngokuphambene nemithetho ngeminyaka eyisikhombisa lo violin abasha sivunyiwe ngesikhathi Vienna Conservatory. Kwakulapho ukuthi uvele okokuqala emphakathini. Phakathi othisha lakhe ibingamashumi umqambi ezivelele organist Anton Bruckner ngesikhathi futhi violin futhi umqhubi owaziwa Yozef Helmesberger. Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, Fritz nge uzothatha indondo yegolide kusukela somculo, futhi njengoba umvuzo wathola violin eyenziwe edumile master Italian Amati - thishela Velikogo Antonio Stradivari.

Ngo-1885, i-violin abasha langena eParis Conservatoire. Elapho ayalolongwa ikhono emculweni eemfundweni Zhozefa Massara noLeo Delibes. Lapho kokufinyelela eminyakeni ewu 12 kwathi lapho umuntu edlula ukuhlolwa kokugcina, wathola Grand Prix futhi wanquma ukuqala i-career ezimele zomculo.

Melika

Ngo-1889, Kreysler noFrits elithunyelwe ngokuhlanganyela ekhonsathini uhambo e-United States ne wopiyano Moritsem Rozentalem. Kodwa okulindele i reception nomdlandla babe ngokuphamazela. Umphakathi wase-America wasithukuthelela okumthiyayo lokusungula we-violin abasha. Kamuva, ngo-1900, uFritz wenza omunye umzamo lizobona lonke elase-United States. Abati amukelwa khona ngezandla ezifudumele nokunikezwa ngisho wathola wokubambisana, kodwa ukuba nginishukumisele violin kwezilwandle kwaba ekujaheni. Umphakathi European kwaba bomdabu nalolutiphendvulelako kuye.

ukuqashelwa

Ngo 1893 futhi 1896 Kreysler noFrits amakhonsathi eRussia. Ndawonye kanye naye futhi ngacula Sergei Rachmaninoff. Ngo-1899 yena waba soloist ku Berlin Symphony Orchestra ngaphansi owaziwa ngesikhathi umqhubi Artura Nikisha. Lokhu ukunqoba Fritz wathola ekhonsathini London ngo-1904, khona-ke ukuthi uzothatha indondo yegolide ye London Philharmonic Umphakathi waklonyeliswa. A umqambi ovelele waseBrithani u-Edward Elgar abazinikezele Kreisler Violin Concerto waphindwa ngo-1910 ngu-Fritz.

violin Austria, naphezu izimpendulo eziphikisanayo kanye nokugxeka, kodwa wahlala ethandwa futhi bayayifuna kuze yobudala ngasekupheleni, kodwa ngenxa ubumpumputhe enenqubekela phambili futhi ubuthulu, akazange abe ukuze uqedele umsebenzi umculo.

ekudalweni

Kreysler noFrits kubhekwa omunye violinists enkulu we nengxenye yokuqala yekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Wayesebenza kahle isitayela eyingqayizivele umdlalo, lapho elihlangene futhi ngobuchwepheshe lesifanele, umsindo nangobuciko, isigqi futhi ephapheme, futhi amagama eqondile. Yiqiniso, ezinye "aqondisa" lobuchwepheshe, wathatha izintambo kumanduleli nozakwethu, imali kuzo ukufudumala emphefumulweni wakho futhi virtuosity. Ngokwesibonelo, yokwamukela vibrato (kushintshana ukushintsha kwephimbo, izwi, noma ngegalelo umsindo), lathathwa umqambi Polish Genrika Venyavskogo, sesiye omunye kuyizimpawu zomsebenzi wakhe.

Ngaphezu violin ubuhlakani, umqambi Kreisler waba ithalente. wobuciko yakhe kufanele kubhekwe lo Awe-Operetta "uyintombazane" futhi "Izimbali apula", a quartet string kanye umsebenzi violin, noma isigqi, waqamba Beethoven Concerto, uBrahms futhi Tartini sonata "kaDeveli Trill".

Ayikho ngaphansi oluthakazelisayo virtuoso kukhona Waltzes "Imihelo Wothando," "isi-Chinese isigubhu," "Injabulo Onothando" futhi "rosemary Emangalisayo." Manje wezwa incazelo ababephila ngesikhathi sakhe, futhi izilaleli njalo isiyabemukela nge ukubakhona kwe lalithimba nokuma. uzwela Special kusukela izilaleli ubiza play "Little saseVienna Mashi".

hoaxes

Kreysler noFrits is njengoba umculi-a hoaxer ezaziwayo. Eminyakeni 1905-1910 wanyathelisa "wesandla Classic." Lawa kwakungamadodana iziqephu violin futhi upiyano ukuthi umqambi ethulwa njengendlela yokwelapha isebenza Couperin, Pugnani, Francoeur futhi Boccherini - bomculo eminyaka th 17-18. Abagxeki yokungafundi yakhe ngokuphindaphindiwe waphawula isitayela enkulu yalezi ukwelashwa, ukunamathela ngokuqinile nombhali imibhalo okwangempela. Kwaba ngo-1935 kuphela, uFritz yena wavuma ukuthi zonke lezi izingcezu imibhalo yakhe siqu, hhayi mbumbulu ngaphambili zomculo.

Kodwa kwaba khona amanani okukhuphuka hoaxes ezinjalo. Ngakho, imisebenzi "Imihelo Onothando" futhi ethi "Intokozo Yabantu Uthando" ngesikhathi Kreisler wanika stylization Waltzes ubudala. Laba bantu ababhekana nakho ukuze lilokhu ukugxekwa, ebhaliwe eziphikisayo njengoba izibonelo umculo kweqiniso. Kodwa self-ukuchayeka fritsevskoe washaqeka naysayers futhi ababeshisekela.

iqoqo

Ngezinye Fritz Kreisler kwaba iqoqo elincane violin Antique, adalwe oluvelele violin abenzi (ezifana Antonio Stradivari, uCarlo Bergonzi). Kamuva, la mathuluzi aye baba ezigugile igama lomnikazi - the Kreisler okukhulu.

Collection Fritz violin singaba usizo kabi hhayi kuphela kwi izinkulumo eziningi nabaziphishekelayo zokudala. Ikesi lapho izikweletu zentela ku violin US kwadingeka ukunikeza isipho violin Guarneri (del Gesù) Library of Congress. Eminyakeni yakhe ewohlokayo, Fritz uye wathengisa ngakho konke iqoqo wakhe Antique, kusale kuphela violin ngu Jean-Baptiste Villaume.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

• Ngo-1896, wazama ukuya ngeqembu labadlali bezinsimbi zomculo Vienna Court Opera, kodwa ayizange lidlule mncintiswano: ukuvimbela Ukufundwa ababuthakathaka kusuka eshidini.
• Lapho kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, Kreisler ngokuthi siye ngaphambili, kodwa washeshe walimala futhi lingashajwa. Ngenxa violin yokungazethembi waphoqeleka ukuba ashiye i-United States. Kodwa emva kweminyaka 10 sokulangazelela Europe lwakubo kwamphoqa ukubuyela. Waphila lokuqala e Berlin, bese sahamba eFrance.
• Ngo-1938, ngenxa uzuza womaya amaNazi Fritz Kreisler kwadingeka babuyele e-United waba isakhamuzi American. Ngo-1941, violin Austrian yiloli, kodwa waphinde walulama ngokomoya ngokushesha ngemva kwale nhlekelele. Nokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imiphumela ukubheduka abaye bazenza wazizwa, futhi baphoqeleka ukuba bashiye career umculo.
• Wayeyisazi violin - Kreysler noFrits - kwadingeka onesimo ephapheme onamileyo. Ngelinye ilanga wavakashela esitolo Antique, ukuziqhayisa violin bakhe futhi sinikela ukuze iyithenge. Besabela kuleso simemo, umnikazi Washayela amaphoyisa ucingo libike ukuthi lo muntu abangamazi kwenzakala emthethweni yi ithuluzi "Kreisler okukhulu." Ukuze afakazele ukuthi singubani, ubumsulwa, violin virtuoso kwakudingeka ukwazi ukudlala i-violin.

PS

Kreysler noFrits washona ngo-New York lapho eseneminyaka engu-86. Wayesaba kuye ziyashesha ukulibaleka, nenkazimulo yakhe ngaphambi kwemisebenzi yamandulo fade futhi zingagcwaliseki. Namkha kunjalo, njengawo geniuses kakhulu, ithalente virtuoso violin futhi umqambi baxgeki baziswa kamuva kakhulu. Futhi namhlanje it is kufanele unendima udumo ohlwini Geniuses zomculo, kabani umdlalo nemisebenzi izibonelo okungenakufa umculo we-classic.