Ventricular arrhythmia: izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa

Namuhla, kunamabandla amaningi kakhulu izifo zenhliziyo. Okuvame kakhulu phakathi kwabo ubhekwa arrhythmia ventricular ukuthi kwenzeka ngenxa ngaphambi kwesikhathi excitation pulses okuyinto evela ohlelweni ventricular. Kulokhu, isigqi inhliziyo kuyaphazamiseka, kukhona ukusikwa ephansi zeminyango kwayo okukhulu. fibrillation Ventricular siyenzeka namuhla, 60% wabantu, ikakhulukazi asebekhulile. Ngezinye izikhathi ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile kungabonakala intsha enempilo. I okwenziwe ngaleli sifo sibangelwa yini yena inezimpawu futhi indlela yokuphatha kulo - sizobe ukukhuluma ngakho.

Incazelo isifo

Lesi sifo ukuphazamiseka isigqi inhliziyo, lapho izinkanuko kokuqhuba e ventricles inhliziyo akhiwa ngezansi iphuzu lapho isixha lwakhe branched. sizocabangela ngezansi, kungaba ezahlukene ventricular arrhythmias, ukwelashwa kanye nezimpawu. Ikhonza njengabameleli isimo okusongela ukuvela iziyaluyalu okunzima inhliziyo, kanye ukumisa ngokuzumayo imisebenzi walo mzimba. Futhi ingavela asymptomatic, amafomu sibi arrhythmia.

Izindlela ventricular arrhythmias

Kwezokwelapha uhlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu lolu hlobo isifo: arrythmia, tachycardia futhi fibrillation atrial (kulokolokoza). Kuye ukubonakaliswa isifo elandelayo ukwelashwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu ze-ukubonakaliswa arrhythmia ingase futhi ziyahlukahluka. Ake sihlole kabanzi lolu daba.

amabhithi

Le ndlela lesi sifo ingenye njalo kunazo eqoshiwe, kubangelwa ukusikwa kwanoma inhliziyo. arrhythmia Ventricular (extrasystole) itholakala 70% abantu bobudala obungefani, ukubukeka kwayo ngokuvamile kubangela ukucindezeleka, utshwala ne-nicotine, ikhofi. Futhi lolu hlobo arrhythmia kungenzeka umonakalo lapho esivimba amanzi ngenxa ukuthuthukiswa izifo ezihlukahlukene.

Kukhona namakilasi amahlanu arrhythmia, embule khona omunye wabo, ungasebenzisa ECG kungakapheli amahora amabili nane:

- zero ekilasini eqala akukho extrasystoles;

- ekilasini lokuqala libhekene ukubukeka ezingekho ngaphezu amathathu ngesilinganiso eyodwa ngehora elilodwa;

- isigaba sesibili libhekene ukubukeka engaphezu kuka amathathu ngesilinganiso eyodwa ngehora elilodwa;

- ekilasini lesithathu kusikisela ukuba khona extrasystoles polymorphic;

- efunda ibanga lesine kusikisela yebhangqa entengo polymorphic noma monomorphic;

- ekilasini lesihlanu libhekene Kufinyeta iqembu, ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlaselwa okungenzeka tachycardia.

tachycardia

arrhythmias Ventricular yaleli fomu kuboniswa ukwanda kwenhliziyo (90 amabhithi ngeminithi). Tachycardia kungaphinde kwenzeke njengoba zokugula, futhi njengoba enzeka bokuphila ngesikhathi uvalo, ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba nokunye. Ngokuvamile kuba uphawu kuphazamiseka ezihlukahlukene endocrine, autonomic izinhlelo sezinzwa. Tachycardia njengoba zokugula kungaholela nemiphumela emibi. Ngakho, ingcindezi igazi uwela, ukugeleza kwegazi ezithweni kubambezela liningi igazi liwohloka umzimba nenhliziyo, kuhlanganise eholela ingozi yenhliziyo Umthambo isifo noma isifo senhliziyo. Yenzelwe amakilasi eziningana tachycardia:

1. itheku - kukhona ukwephulwa yokudlulisela inkanuko kuya ventricles we-node itheku. Lokhu kungaba ngenxa ukungasebenzi iyunithi, futhi ecindezelekile, ukwethuka, nokunye.

2. Paroxysmal - kukhona ngokuhlasela inhliziyo ukuba amabhithi 300 ngomzuzu, okubonakala futhi iphele ngokuzumayo. Lokhu kungase kuhlotshaniswa msebenzi omkhulukazi we nozwela isimiso sezinzwa, kanye nezinguquko we myocardium. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka mBhalo is ebonwe iningi amacala ezingabantu. Lokhu tachycardia angakhula abe ischemia, hypotension futhi ventricular fibrillation. ukuhlaselwa njalo tachycardia nethonya elilimazayo phezu kwegazi igazi emzimbeni, okwandisa ingozi yokufa.

fibrillation

Atrial ventricular arrhythmia, noma fibrillation atrial, libhekene ukushaya kwenhliziyo 480 ngomzuzu, le ventricles ngesikhathi esifanayo encishisiwe uncoordinated, ekugcineni inhliziyo zamabhasi, umuntu uyafa. fibrillation atrial kuyinto njalo isikhulumi umphumela ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo. Kwezokwelapha, ukuhlukanisa amakilasi eziningana fibrillation atrial:

1. Primary - livela ngezinsuku zokuqala ezimbili lapho kuqala wahlaselwa isifo senhliziyo futhi kuyimbangela ezivamile ukufa okungazelelwe abantu.
2. Secondary atrial ventricular arrhythmia Kutfutfukisa ngenxa ukushaqeka cardiogenic ezigulini yisifo senhliziyo.
3. fibrillation Late liyavela ngesonto wesine lesi sifo.

Fibrillation kuzo zonke izimo iqala ngokuzumayo. ngemuva kwamahora amathathu ukubukeka kwakhe eseqala ukuzwa isiyezi, ubuthakathaka livela. Ngemva kwamahora amabili, umuntu ulahlekelwa ukwazi, Ukudlikizela, abafundi uvuleke e amahora amane, ukuphefumula kancane kancane iba ngaphansi, bese wayeka ngokuphelele, kuza sebefile.

ngezigaba

Kuye ngalokho nemiphumela ngemva kwakukhona arrhythmia ventricular wenhliziyo (izimpawu uzobe okuxoxwe ngazo kulesi sihloko) angase athuthukiswe, unquma ukwaba:

1. arrhythmia Functional libhekene ukungabi khona izilonda inhliziyo ukuthi zinzima. Nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ngemva kokuphenywa kwecala cishe ningagcini.

2. Arrhythmias ukuthi ziyingozi abantu nokuthuthukisa yokulwa nesifo senhliziyo, izinga lokufa kuleli cala luyanda.

3. Ukuthuthukiswa Ebulalayo isigqi inhliziyo neziyaluyalu, kwenzeka uma ezinzima isifo senhliziyo kanye kaningi esiholela ekufeni.

izimbangela

Ukuthuthukiswa arrhythmias singenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, ngezinye izikhathi abazi. Kulo mBhalo kuyisiko ukukhuluma ngalesi sifo, okuyinto idiopathic ngokwemvelo. Ngokuvamile fibrillation ventricular (izimpawu, ukwelashwa futhi ukuqagela kuzoxoxwa ngezansi) kubangelwa iziyo: ischemia, infarct, Cardiosclerosis, umonakalo umphini mitral nokuvuvukala esivimba amanzi, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, umdlavuza okungukuthi, zokugula yamaphaphu. Kwezinye izimo, le VSD, herniation futhi ukhwaliti ubuhlungu emuva ingabagulisa ukuthuthukiswa arrhythmias. arrhythmia Idiopathic cuphuluza izici zangaphandle: ukubhema, utshwala kanye nekhofi, ukusetshenziswa njalo imithi inhliziyo.

Izimpawu kanye izimpawu

Ventricular izimpawu fibrillation ukuthi eshiwo ngokucacile, kodwa akunjalo. abantu abahlukahlukene bangase babe nemizwa ehlukene akuncikile imbangela yalesi sifo. Ngokuvamile, iziguli ukuzwa ubuthakathaka, iphika, isiyezi. ukubonakaliswa Well ebonakalayo izimpawu phezu ECG. Okokuqala, kukhona ukwanda ubukhulu kanye deformation we ngezinyo, oyingxenye ventricular eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kufinyeta ezingaphezu kuka-emithathu ilandelana inhliziyo futhi kufakazelwa ukuba khona kwe-arrhythmia. Ukuze arrhythmia libhekene paleness, ukukhathazeka, ukujuluka anda, umuzwa wokuthanda iphika, okungajwayelekile inhliziyo umsebenzi. Lapho tachycardia kwenzeka isiyezi (equlekile), ubuhlungu enhliziyweni, palpitation, dyspnea, hypotension, amajaqamba. fibrillation atrial Ngokuvamile ubonakaliswa isimo sengqondo ifomu yokufikelwa, ubuhlungu besifuba, edema yamaphaphu, inhliziyo ukuntula. Izimpawu zayo zihlobene iqiniso lokuthi ventricles ngokushesha elingafani.

sitholakele isifo

fibrillation Ventricular kungaqinisekiswa usebenzisa zokuqapha ECG wayisa ECG umthwalo VEM noma treadmill test. Lolu cwaningo kuhlanganisa nokubhaliswa pulses inhliziyo nge electrode zazo ogibele isikhumba esifubeni ezingabantu izandla nezinyawo. Izinkomba asethe njó qapha, bese adluliselwa idivayisi ukunyathelisa futhi owaphrinte ephepheni. Lapho VEM izinkomba zithathwa ngesikhathi umsebenzi, ngoba lokhu, sebenzisa ibhayisikili umsebenzi. Lapho-treadmill test esetshenziswa treadmill. Endabeni uphethwe kubalulekile ukucabangela zezici nomthelela lapho ivela khona futhi engasayi ukuhlaselwa. Lezi zihlanganisa isimo angokomzwelo nangokwengqondo isiguli, umsebenzi ngokomzimba, edonsa izidakamizwa nokunye. izindlela engeziwe zocwaningo ku khona arrhythmias zihlanganisa: X-ray, tomography, ultrasound inhliziyo. Kusukela imiphumela vivinyo kuzoncika ukuphathwa kwaleso sifo.

fibrillation Ventricular: ukwelashwa

Phezu ukuthola lesi sifo hhayi kuzo zonke izimo zidinga ukuphathwa ngendlela ekhethekile. Lapho imithi ukwelapha Kunconywa ukuba banake imiphumela emibi izidakamizwa, kanye isikhathi izindlela zabo, njengoba kungaba ngokungenangqondo umonakalo empilweni. Kwezinye pathologies is contraindicated ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa inhliziyo ngoba arrhythmia, njengoba lokhu kungabangela ukuboshwa inhliziyo. Cabangela izindlela nezindlela kokuphatha arrhythmias nge esifika ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene.

ukwelashwa arrythmia

Ezimweni njalo, lesi sifo lihlotshaniswa ukuntula electrolyte emzimbeni womuntu, okuyinto Ibonisani ukuhlolwa igazi. Ngakho ngokuvamile lapho arrhythmia ukuncoma magnesium-potassium Ukudla. Futhi ninake kuze lala okusele umbuso, ukudla, imikhuba emibi, ukusetshenziswa njalo yekhofi, khona ukucindezeleka nokunye. sedatives ezingahle zinqunywe wumgomo. Uma ventricular fibrillation siphela kanzima ke linqume imithi, futhi kwezinye izimo ezidinga ukuhlinzwa. Isiguli udumo electrolyte, ACE inhibitor, nitrate, kanjalonjalo. ukubaluleka Omkhulu kunikezwa izidakamizwa ngokumelene arrhythmia.

ukwelashwa tachycardia

Kunamaqembu amabili kwemithi, okuyinto isenzo siqondiswe ekwelapheni tachycardia: protivoaritmichnye namanxusa opholile. Sedatives uyasho uma kwenzeka ukuthi kukhona GVA. Lokhu kungaba "Diazepam", "Persian", "Wisteria" nabanye. antiarrhythmic imithi ventricular arrhythmia Bamiswa ngemva imbangela zokugula Kumiswa. Lokhu kungaba "Verapamin" "Inderal", "Adenosine" nokunye. Kunoma ikuphi, ukwelashwa kufanele kube onguchwepheshe uzihlanganisa.

ukwelashwa fibrillation

Uma ekuhlaseleni fibrillation atrial wabonakala okokuqala noma ngezikhathi, kubalulekile ukuyeka ukushayana ngamaphutha abazali "Quinidine", "Kordorona" noma "procainamide". Uma fibrillation atrial kungokwaphakade, ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanele uthathe imithi ukuvikela i-stroke. Kulokhu, ezifanele therapy anticoagulation, udinga ukuthatha aspirin, "Warfarin" heparins.

Onalesi sifo ka arrhythmias

Onalesi sifo lokhu isifo kuzoncika ezakheke, khona isifo senhliziyo, ukuzungeza iziyaluyalu kubantu. fibrillation Ventricular futhi supraventricular ezingenziwanga ezihlobene nesifo senhliziyo, musa ukuphila engozini nasempilweni yabantu. Uma lesi sifo eba phezu isizinda isifo senhliziyo, onalesi sifo okungekuhle. Iminyaka yokuphila kwabantu lapha luncike Ukuqalwa ngesikhathi esifanele ukwelashwa. ke Kuyancomeka ukulawula ukusebenza inhliziyo bese ulandela yonke izincomo yezokwelapha, ke isifo kungenziwa kumisiwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kumelwe singakhohlwa mayelana izinyathelo, ngoba kokunakekela impilo yakho ungadlala indima enkulu, futhi kwezinye izimo ofuna ukusindisa ipilwakhe yomuntu.

zokuvimbela

Okokuqala, zokuvimbela arrhythmia kuhloswe ukwelapha isifo senhliziyo, okuyinto enomthelela ukuhlukumeza isigqi conduction. Kuyadingeka ukuba ngakususi imbangela yokugula, kungaba anobuthi, GVA, ukucindezeleka, electrolyte ukungalingani, nokunye. D. Kuyadingeka ukuze kukhawulwe edonsa utshwala, i-nicotine ne-caffeine, kanye nokusetshenziswa ezizimele izidakamizwa ngenjongo arrhythmia. Ukwelashwa okufanele kwenziwe ngokuqinile ngudokotela. Ngakho-ke, ukuvimbela izifo simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

- ekwelapheni ezinkulu isifo senhliziyo;

- Ukudla;

- exclusion imikhuba emibi;

- ukuqapha ukuzivocavoca, isisindo, ingcindezi;

- zokuvimbela izidakamizwa.

Njengoba amalungiselelo belulekwa ukuba athathe "Panangin" (i-potassium ne-magnesium), B6 "Ritmonorm", "VFS" nabanye.

Lapho arrhythmias kungaba ukudlala imidlalo, kodwa umsebenzi kumele kube ezincane. Musa overload emzimbeni. Ngokulandela zonke izincomo kanye ukuze kuqashwe impilo yabo, ungagcina hhayi kuphela kuye, kodwa futhi ekuphileni kwakhe, futhi udokotela kuyokusiza sithole choice of izidakamizwa.