Umuntu owasungula le Tomas Awe-Kuk ezokuvakasha. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezokuvakasha, umlando kanye nemiklomelo

Ezinsukwini zethu ikhambo kwamanye amazwe waba kwansuku into. Ukuze ukuhamba kunoma ekhoneni iplanethi, kudingeka nje ukulungiselela ethile imali bese ubheka inkampani yokulungisela abahambayo. Thina ngakho esetshenziswa welithi "ezokuvakasha" ukuthi ucabanga ukuthi sekuyisikhathi eside lolu hlobo iholide ayekhona. Nokho, empeleni iminyaka 170 kuphela. Ukuvakasha uvele England Julayi 5, 1841. Namuhla sizoxoxa umsunguli wayo kanye umlando yokuphumelela kwale ndoda, ogama lakhe - Tomas Awe-Kuk. Umsunguli ezokuvakasha eye waphila ukuphila ethakazelisa kakhulu. Udaba lwempumelelo yakhe ithakazelisa kakhulu.

Imvelaphi ebuntwaneni Cook

Pheka waqala ukuphila ngaphansi kwezimo zobumpofu, kanye lapho kwenzeka eziningi osomabhizinisi enkulu kangako enjengokufa Thomas Lipton, Walt Disney, Dzhon Rokfeller. Bonke njengoba ingane okwadingeka babhekane nobunzima. Mhlawumbe yingakho baba abantu ekhuthazekile futhi yimpumelelo. Ubaba Thomas wafa esemncane kakhulu. Ngemva kokufa kwakhe, ephakamisela Cook wahlanganyela usingababa. Ayephatha ngayo umfana njengoba indodana yakhe siqu.

Umndeni lalingenayo imali eyanele, ngakho Thomas has engu-10 aqala ukwakha. Waba ngiqeqeshwe at wensimu. Umfana wathola 6 na ngeliviki ngomsebenzi wakhe. Lapho eneminyaka engu-14, wathola umsebenzi esitolo wokubaza. Lapho ngineminyaka engu-19, uThomas umhlalaphansi lapho. Naphezu umsebenzi esindayo, wayenendlu encane isikhathi khulula ukuthi Thomas ababevame ukuya esikoleni, eyayise-Isigodlo. Ulwazi etholwe lapha wabasiza kakhulu Cook kamuva ekuphileni.

Ubhapathizo Cook, umsebenzi wobuvangeli

Ukholo omunye wabashayeli eyinhloko impumelelo Cook. Ngo 1826, eneminyaka engu-17, wabhapathizwa futhi waba Baptist. I insizwa ethile iqala ukubonisa ngenkuthalo ukubhala incwadi yezenzakalo zansuku zonke Baptist. Wafundisa ku wethu kaSonto-sikole, wafundisa eduze edolobheni Loughborough (lapho ayehlala khona), kanye emadolobhaneni aseduze.

Thomas Cook bathandile umsebenzi wezithunywa zevangeli asebenzayo. Yena bemletha umfana eziningi nabajwayelene nabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uye wathola i-shillings wakhe 10 ngesonto, okwakubekelwa kubhekwe ngesikhathi imali enhle. Nokho, i-Baptist inhlangano yesikhwama ekupheleni 1830 bomile, noTomase kwase kudingeka ngithole enye umthombo okokuziphilisa.

Umshado, umsebenzi workshop, isifungo ukulinganisela

Cook wanquma abaqhubeka beziphatha joinery. Edolobhaneni elithile elincane, etholakala eduze Loughborough, Wakhumula wokubaza isitolo sakhe. By the way, Thomas wathutha lapha awuwedwa. Wafika le uMarian Mayson, owesifazane osemusha oshadile, nabo Cook ahlangana naye lapho ngitadisha esikoleni ngeSonto.

Thomas, naphezu umsebenzi kunzima studio, waqhubeka enza umsebenzi wezithunywa zevangeli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenkuthalo lo mkhankaso ekuzileni utshwala. Ngo-1833, Tomas Awe-Kuk wathatha isifungo ukulinganisela.

Cook waba ngunobhala-Society of abstainers

Pheka workshop ekupheleni 1836 baqala ukwanda. Wayengase ukuqasha abasizi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo Tomas Awe-Kuk baba unobhala Inkampani ongeyena abaphuza. Inhlangano olwenziwa imisebenzi yayo Harboraf. Ngemva kwalokhu ukwehluleka ukukhuthazwa kotshwala Thomas waqala ukugcina more esebenzayo. Waqala ukushicilela umagazini "yanyanga zonke Gazette of ukulinganisela" e-1839. Ngemva konyaka, uThomas eqala ukuba kukhululwe ngowokuqala kuleli zwe, umagazini izingane, okuyinto beliphinde zokuchithwa utshwala.

Amalungiselelo uhambo lokuqala

Lapho, ngo-1840, Tomas Awe-Kuk ngafunda ukuthi kujantshi ivulekile, okuyinto izobanjelwa phambi edolobheni, yanquma ukuthi lokhu kwaba ithuba lakhe ukwenza okuthile okuningi ukugqugquzela ukulinganisela. Thomas isinqumo ukuqasha isitimela ukuthatha e Loughborough nabangane bakhe. Kube ozoba iCongress of abstainers emaphakathi England Association (izifunda eningizimu). Tomas Awe-Kuk wakhuphuka nayo yonke umthwalo kanye nezinguquko zamasu amasha ukuze lesi sinqumo.

Okokuqala, wakhuluma mayelana uhambo ethokozisayo oluzayo, John Fox, Bell, unobhala umphakathi ujantshi, benamandla ngomdlandla. Waze wavuma ukukhokhela kudingekile izindleko owandulelayo. Okwesibili, Cook uzilungiselele ngokucophelela lohambo oluzayo. Thomas ahlelwe uhlelo kwamasiko kanye lokudla ku Loughborough, banyathelisa futhi basakaze amathikithi nemaphosta. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yanquma ukuba abe nomkhawulo edolobheni ekhaya. Pheka zathumela kwezinye izindawo isimemo uhambo. Mangithi ukuthi ukulungiselela ngokungashwampuluzi kwaba isihluthulelo ukuchuma inkampani Cook.

Ukuvakasha Usuku Lokuzalwa

Ngakho, ngo-July 5, 1841 570 abantu baya Loughborough. Bathatha izimoto eziyisishiyagalolunye isitimela. Lolu suku kubhekwa usuku lokuzalwa kwezokuvakasha umqondo walo samanje. Lolu hambo kwaba yimpumelelo enkulu. Pheka laphefumulelwa saqunta ukuhlela uhambo entsha. Ngokwesibonelo, wayehlale olwenziwa izinkambo abampofu. izindleko zabo omdala kwaba usheleni 1 kuphela, futhi izingane - 6 na. Pheka isimiso esiyisisekelo kwaba ukuthola enkulu izinzuzo kungenzeka ukuba abantu abaningi kakhulu ngentengo ephansi.

Ukunakekela induduzo amakhasimende

Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi kwabathile uhambo ngamunye ibilokhu Kwahlelwa amadamu ngokucophelela, kwenye yezingxenye esemqoka okuphumelela Cook kwaba iqiniso lokuthi yena uqobo wahlanganyela kulolo hambo. Abantu abaningi ngesitimela okokuqala futhi engazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze futhi ukuthi baziphathe kanjani. Tomas Awe-Kuk usiyale bonke futhi ekhathalela okwenza kube ngcono ngangokunokwenzeka.

Inkontileka ukuphathwa nojantshi

Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ne ithandwa ikhambo nokwanda kwenani amakhasimende, Cook usayine inkontileka ne ukuphathwa nojantshi. Ngaphansi kwalesi inkontileka inikwe isaphulelo esiphawulekayo. Thomas ngisho necebo isiqubulo efundeka kanje: "! Railways - izigidi" Yena gqizisa cishe zonke ezicijile, izigxobo zikagesi futhi kwesitolo.

Ikhono "ukubamba wave"

Amandla Pheka, "Sibambeleni Wave" isibe esibalulekile impumelelo inkampani yakhe. Isikhathi sokuqala umsebenzi kubalulekile umcimbi Thomas kwenzeka ngo-1840. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinyunyana baye emsebenzini wanikwa iholidi yonyaka. Abantu abaye bathola ke, ungazi ukuthi kufanele wenzeni-spare time sakho. Bese Thomas wababuza yokuchitha isizungu ezikhangayo.

Pheka bese athuthukile nemizila izivakashi eScotland. Lapha waya abathandi imisebenzi Roberta Bernsa futhi Valtera Skotta. Cishe wonke umhlali England ufunde le abalobi ngesikhathi futhi ukuthengisa ukubala eyenziwe Cook, kuyiqiniso. Wonke umuntu wayesefuna ngokwabo bavakashela izindawo eziye ezichazwe imisebenzi alaba babhali.

Thomas wavula kuqala ukuhlola izinqaba zamakhosi aristocrats. Yini into ebonakala nathi namuhla into evamile, lapho sekungenzeka revolution ukwazi komphakathi. Kwaba kwaba Tomas Awe-Kuk. amasheke komhambi njengoba uhlobo instrument yezimali, ngasendleleni, futhi, lapho ekhuphuka nge.

Ikhono "ukubamba wave" futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthuthukisa izindlela ezintsha ingenye yezinto eziyinhloko ezibangela i ukuthandwa kanye nokuthuthukiswa Cook. Ngeke ukuchaza ngokuningiliziwe zonke zokuhamba elalihlela usomabhizinisi. Engingakusho nje ukuthi uye waphumelela futhi "evulekile" ezweni labo IsiNgisi (Ireland, Wales, eScotland, Isle of Man). Kodwa hhayi kuye kuphela - yonke iYurophu, leZwe Elingcwele, America kanye naseNdiya elahlanganiswa nemizila izivakashi Cook.

By the way, ejensi legatsha, adalwe kuye ( "uThomas Cook neNdodana") e-United States waba sethubeni indodana yakhe Dzhon Meyson Cook. Mark Tven wayengomunye walabo amaklayenti yakhe yokuqala. Wanxusa umongameli Grant le nkampani. Ngiyavuma, ukuthi kusho okuningi!

Thomas Cook Guides

"Ukutholwa" Pheka akugcini lapho. Nguye lokuqala bathatha ukushicilelwa isiqondiso ekuphileni. Bona iminingwane amaphuzu ayinhloko kwezinhloso zenzuzo, banikwa iseluleko sendlela liziphathe ezweni elithile noma idolobha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Tomas Awe-Kuk banyathelisa umagazini ngokuthi "Tripper". URubeni wakhuphukela ukugqashuka kwempi yezwe yesibili. Lo magazini kwaba ngqa.

A uhambo naseMecca

indima Thomas Cook sika e ukuthuthukiswa kwezokuvakasha akugcini lapho. Ngo-1878, lo somabhizinisi waphendukela Governor-Jikelele India. Wamcela ukuba uvule ikakhulukazi amaSulumane ohlangothini olusha ezokuvakasha - pilgrimage naseMecca. Yiqiniso, lolu hambo yimpumelelo. Ngemva kwalokho, indlunkulu yenkampani Cook, etholakala e-London, wavula umnyango entsha ngqo ama-pilgrim.

Umhlaba uhambo

Le nkampani "uThomas Cook neNdodana" iyona tour operator lokuqala, esetshenziselwa ukuthuthwa amaklayenti zezindiza izindawo. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1919. Tomas Awe-Kuk ihlelwe ngowokuqala round ukuvakasha emhlabeni eminyakeni 1872-73. Isikhathi sakhe kwaba izinsuku 222. Abavakashi phakathi nalesi sikhathi wakunqoba elingamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane 25. Ukugubha round usuku ngokuqinile Cook ngo-1991 wahlela uhambo lokuzungeza umhlaba. Kulokhu-ke wathatha izinsuku 34 kuphela kuye.

Isimo Cook nezindlalifa ezikanye naye ezingu

Kuyadingeka ukuba ngincome kokubona usomabhizinisi, ikhono lakhe lokumba imininingwane, ukubikezela ezihlukahlukene ezimweni. Lapho umsunguli ezokuvakasha, wafa (kwenzeka 1892), Engcebweni yakhe elinganiselwa ku isizumbulu - 2497 amakhilogremu. Akukubi indoda waqala ukusebenza na 6 nje ngesonto. ibhizinisi kayise waqhubeka Dzhon Meyson Cook. Washona iminyaka 7 kamuva, kusale ifa impahla, okuyinto kwakulinganiselwa ku 663.534 amakhilogremu. Ngemva kokufa kwakhe, kunjalo yathathwa yi-abazukulu - Thomas Albert, u-Ernest Edward Frenka Genri. Inzala Thomas ephethwe inkampani kuze kube sekupheleni 1920. Ngemva kwalokho, ukuphathwa inkampani yathathwa yiNhlangano Osomabhizinisi.

Kuka namuhla

Futhi esikhathini sethu, nebhizinisi elichumayo, yona eyaqala ukwenza i Tomas Awe-Kuk. Tour opharetha, adalwe kuye, namuhla nenkampani enkulu kunazo zonke futhi ahlonishwa kakhulu emkhakheni wezokuvakasha ngokuthi iBritish Isles. Izinkomba zomnotho yinkampani yesibili eYurophu futhi izwe - eyesithathu. E-UK, kanye nakwamanye amazwe amaningi kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane ejensi yayo. Manje nkampani usebenzisa ezingaphezu kuka-16 eziyinkulungwane. Abasebenzi.

By the way, eRussia kukhona ngempela inkampani young "Intourist -. Tomas Awe-Kuk" Lona ngumphumela yokuxuba izinkampani ezimbili, omdala ensimini yayo. "Intourist" yasungulwa ngo-1929. Umi ngenxa nokuhlanganiswa inkampani isebenza enkonzweni Osomabhinizinisi bokufika kanye nezivakashi futhi inikeza nemisebenzi ehlukahlukeneko izinkambo kwabantu kanye namaqembu Petersburg, eMoscow, amadolobha enyakatho Russian futhi Golden Ring, njll Inkampani "Intourist -. Tomas Awe-Kuk" eMoscow itholakala ngesikhathi 5th Donskoy travel, ukwakha 15 (p. 5). Kodwa hhayi kuphela e-dolobha, kukhona inkampani ezihambisana negama hero yethu. Futhi kweminye imizi yezwe lethu, ungathola inhlangano, "Tomas Awe-Kuk" okubonakala esihlokweni. Murmansk - omunye wabo.