Umnkantsha wokubhoboza nezinye punctures e ngezinhloso zokwelapha kanye kusebenta kwahulumende

Ngokuthi wokubhoboza wokubhoboza umzimba. It lucwaningo inqubo ngezinhloso zokuxilonga noma zokwelapha.

Omnkantsha wokubhoboza

Iziguli wenza ucwaningo lwakhe, abanikeli - ukuze uthole impahla enempilo begazi. Wokubhoboza wadalula ithambo ezifana iliac, epiphysis tibial, isithende futhi sternum. Kubantu abadala, isifundo avame abathintekayo Crest iliac futhi sternum. Omnkantsha wokubhoboza zingenziwa ngisho izinqubo spinous ka amathambo lumbar. Ngenxa ukujiya lokuncane kwabantu sternum ezinganeni, wokubhoboza yayo kule ndawo kuyingozi kakhulu. Esengumntwana (kuhlanganise bokuqala) we umnkantsha wokubhoboza kufanele kwenziwe ikakhulukazi tibia (elingenhla eyodwa).

Inqubo kwenziwa izinzwa, aseptic egumbini lokuhlinza. umnkantsha wokubhoboza eyenziwe isikhundla lesiguli lisalele. Esebenzisa inaliti eziyize kuyinto sternum abamhlaba ezingeni ubambo lwesithathu. Inalidi ekhethekile lubhoboze ngesivalo ifakwe drive-ukuze ukulawula ka wokubhoboza ukujula.

Ngaphansi cwaningo isibonakhulu wayebaphathele namabala smear athathwa impahla. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthola khona amaseli angavamile , nezinye izinguquko. Ephambi kwezinduna ukungcola punctate ukopha, igazi isuswe usebenzisa isisefo sephepha noma aspirated nge pipette. Lesi sidingo ngokwengxenye kubangelwa yokuthi okuphothula ngokweqile egazini neuropathy leyo nto ayivumeli ukuze uthole ukumelwa olunembile ukubunjwa umnkantsha. Uma izinto eziphilayo azithathe etholakala uketshezi kakhulu, lisetshenziswe leucoconcentration indlela. Uma uhlukane amaseli plasma ukwenza smear lwenzika.

Wokubhoboza (biopsy) umnkantsha wenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe sitholakele metastases, ukucacisa izimbangela thrombocytosis, leukocytosis, ukuntuleka kwegazi emzimbeni. Le nqubo futhi kwenza kube nokwenzeka okuhlola ukusebenza yokwelapha izidakamizwa ukusetshenziswa ne izifo igazi.

Izimo zethu zihluke kakhulu ezingavamile zokwelapha, izinkinga ezithile zokumpontshelwa wokubhoboza zokuxilonga. Ngokuvamile, laba kungahlanganiswa ukutheleleka ngalo ingaphakathi medullary. Phakathi wokubhoboza sternal kungekho ithuba lokulimala izitsha ezinkulu igazi. Kuphela uma kwenzeka esingathí sina-non-ukuhambisana ucwaningo ubuchwepheshe iziphazamiso ezazingase zibe khona ku kwezitho zangaphakathi yobuqotho.

Thepha umgogodla

Ukuze kukhishwe utshwala nge uphenyo olwenziwa ngemva kwalokho noma ukumnika izidakamizwa noma radiopaque ukusebenzisa le nqubo.

Ngesikhathi inqubo, inaliti ufakwa isikhala subarachnoid. Wokubhoboza kungase kwenziwe emazingeni ahlukahlukene sokukhubazeka komgogodla. Ngokuvamile wokubhoboza wenziwa esifundeni lumbar, ezimweni ezingajwayelekile, esifundeni thoracic, endaweni emgodini omkhulu.

Lumbar (emuva ongaphakeme) wokubhoboza inika ulwazi oluyigugu kakhulu zokuxilonga. Yotshwala etholwe ngesikhathi sale nqubo, elakhiwa ubovu okunegazi noma ukungcola. Lokhu kusikisela meningitis noma ukopha subarachnoid. cerebrospinal fluid kungaba okusobala. Esebenzisa (izimisele ingilazi tube engela ne iyatholakala isentimitha iziqu) manometer kunqunywa, bacindezele ngaphansi lapho notshwala oludakayo kusukela inaliti: iyokhushulwa, evamile noma encishisiwe.

Brain hematoma at wokubhoboza

Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, namuhla, uma kuqhathaniswa neminyaka eyedlule, le nqubo has a kancane ekufundeni. Ikakhulukazi, kakhulu ziyancipha isidingo lubhoboze ukuze abone hematoma intracerebral (ngokungabi bikho CT). Ngokusho kodokotela abathile, akufanele uphethe wokubhoboza ngalezi zinhloso ngenxa yokuthi inqubo kuyasiza babhebhethekisa umonakalo, kuyilapho ngokuvamile ayitholiwe haematomas.