Umlando kanye labantu Kaliningrad esifundeni. Imizi eyinhloko yezwe amber

I Kaliningrad esifundeni uhlukile ngezindlela eziningi. Kuyinto elisentshonalanga Russian Federation kanye umphakathi kuphela ngaphakathi kuwo. Kaliningrad Region bakhona zinhlanga ahlukahlukene, + nemizi yalo - a izakhiwo ekhethekile nge touch of East Prussian.

Kaliningrad esifundeni - umphetho eliyingqayizivele futhi ezithakazelisayo

Ekuphetheni kweMpi Yezwe II, ngo-April 7, 1946, Koenigsberg esifundeni kwamiswa. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa ke lethiwa samanje. Lena esifundeni emangalisayo futhi colorful kakhulu eRussia, okuyinto eziningi lokho uhlukile.

Okokuqala, esifundeni ayinakho umhlaba imingcele ezivamile nalo lonke elaseRussia. Ngo Eningizimu elisemngceleni ne Poland enyakatho nasempumalanga - ne Lithuania. Kusukela entshonalanga it is wageza ngasemanzini epholile Baltic Sea. Inani indawo Kaliningrad esifundeni - kuka 15 ayizinkulungwane amakhilomitha square kancane. Lena enye yezinhlobo ezingu omncane RF izifundo.

Kaliningrad Region labantu - abantu 976,000 (kusukela ngomhla ka-2016). Lokhu esifundeni Russia esiseduzane Europe, hhayi kuphela ngokwendawo, kodwa futhi ngokwengqondo. Ukubukeka ezakhiwo ndawo ezithakazelisayo lokungekho ngephansi. izakhiwo Old German kuhlanganiswa nama-okukhulu Soviet-inkathi izakhiwo kanye izakhiwo zesimanje Russian.

Kaliningrad esifundeni sithinta ingcebo yawo engokwemvelo. Okokuqala kuyinto Yiqiniso, mayelana amber. Ngo-Russian esifundeni akhawunti cishe u-90% ukukhiqizwa lembulunga yonke elinezinto ezinhlobonhlobo "inhlaka ezimbiwa phansi".

Kodwa ohlukile zemvelo amber onqenqemeni akuyona esilinganiselwe. Ngakho, e-Kaliningrad esifundeni nguye kuphela Baltic Sea, ice-free-port, isihlabathi namathe emhlabeni elide kakhulu (UNESCO evikelwe), a lokukwazi zikaphayini Grove 'Dancing Ihlathi' nge Okumangazayo ezisontekile zemithi, futhi ezithakazelisayo futhi engavamile kakhulu.

History of the endaweni

Kwaphela isikhathi eside kulendawo kwaba elaliyisikhungo esibalulekile kwamasiko yaseMpumalanga Prussia. Leli qiniso kuchaza okuningi iminonjana "German" e imizi kanye nemizana lamadolobha esimanjemanje Kaliningrad esifundeni: amasonto isitini, eqinisa, izinqaba, lasendulo izindlu amatshe ezitaladini, kanjalonjalo ..

Sekungamakhulu eminyaka amaningana, ezweni lalihlukene phakathi, kukhona nabasePoland naseLithuania, amaJalimane Russian. Ezimpini zase-1945, ngokusho izinqumo ezenziwa ngesikhathi Yalta futhi Potsdam izingqungquthela, Amber wahamba emaphethelweni-USSR. 4 Julayi 1946 eKönigsberg lasendulo iqanjwe kabusha Kaliningrad, futhi endaweni ebizwa ngokuthi Kaliningrad.

Impi iye yabangela umonakalo omkhulu esifundeni. Half neziyinkimbinkimbi zezimboni labhujiswa. Mayelana 80% Isikhwama izindlu ayengaphansi eKönigsberg labhujiswa. Zonke ubunzima ayokwakha kabusha umuzi umnotho esifundeni yawa emahlombe sophe okwathatha isikhathi eside kangako impi kokubusa kweSoviet.

Kaliningrad Region

I post-yimpi yokukhokha Kaliningrad ndawo ibizwa ngokuthi abafuduki kunazo zonke emlandweni we-Soviet Union. Ekupheleni kwe-40s lapha abantu bakamalalahlengezela kusula izingxenye ezihlukahlukene lo mbuso - abavela eRussia, Belarus, Ukraine, e-Armenia, e-Uzbekistan. Ngesikhathi esifanayo esifundeni wadingiselwa lalolo hlanga-German.

Ukuze namashumi amathathu okuqala post-yimpi (1950 kuya ku-1979) labantu Kaliningrad esifundeni wakhula kahle kabili. Eminyakeni yamuva, isibalo sabantu kulesi sifunda yezwe, nakuba kancane, kodwa elalikhula. Ngokusho projection ukubalwa kwabantu, ngo-2030 inani labantu esifundeni ngeke yokunqoba isithiyo esibangwa zabantu esigidini.

Namuhla, ngaphakathi esifundeni Kaliningrad owakhiwe futhi abameleli bezizwe eziningi nobuzwe. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke kubo:

• Russian (82%);
• Ukrainian (3.5%);
• Byelorussians (3,4%);
• Lithuanian (1%);
• Armenia (1%);
• AmaJalimane (ngaphansi kuka-1%);
• Tatar (ngaphansi kuka-1%).

Modern division zokuphatha-indawo yesifunda

Mangakhi emayunithi yokungamela esifundeni Kaliningrad? Izindawo esifundeni esiseNtshonalanga WaseRussia zihluke kakhulu nomunye ngosayizi nesibalo sabantu. Linani selilonkhe lebantfu labange-15 Le ndawo ngobukhulu esifundeni - Slavskii (nge isikhungo esifanayo zokuphatha), kanye kencanikhulu - Svetlogorsk.

Administrative division isifunda siphinde sihlinzekele nezinhlelo ezihlanganisa division emzini ukubaluleka lesifunda (zikhona 6) nasemadolobheni amancane (elilodwa).

Kaliningrad Region Amadolobha

Izinga yokuphila yasedolobheni esifundeni ngokuvamile ezazizinkulu ngokwanele. Kumayelana 77%. Zonke ngaphakathi esifundeni, kukhona imizi 22. I sokuqondisa esifundeni Kaliningrad, okuyinto cishe ama-60% abantu sebebonke yesifunda ekhaya.

Imizi ngobukhulu we Kaliningrad esifundeni ahlelwe ethebuleni (enegama ubudala futhi isibalo kwabakhileyo):

Ngamagama ezokuvakasha imizi ezithakazelisayo kunazo: Kaliningrad, Baltiysk, Chernyakhovsk, Pravdinsk, Neman eZelenogradsk.

Kaliningrad umhlaba idume Amber yayo Museum, ethuneni wesazi sefilosofi Kant, kanye kweshumi eziningana Fortova izindawo. Pravdinsk, zemininingwane, Chernyakhovsk futhi Sovietsk ukuheha izivakashi oldness izakhiwo isiJalimane Baltic Neman - I-izikhumbuzo zalo eziningi zomlando. Svetlogorsk futhi eZelenogradsk - main zokungcebeleka we Kaliningrad esifundeni.