Ukuvikelwa kwepompo ekusebenzeni okumile: izindlela, izici, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo nesifundo

Ezimpompi ezifuywayo, izinto ezisemqoka zalabo abafake imfucuza yi-thermoplastic (ipulasitiki, ebonakala ngamandla). Kubonakala ngamakhono amakhulu emsebenzini kanye nezindleko eziphansi. Le ndaba yenza imisebenzi yayo iminyaka eminingi. Kodwa uma kusebenza ngaphandle kwamanzi, okusebenza njengokugcoba kanye nomthombo wokususwa kokushisa, izingxenye zangaphakathi zepom zikhubazekile. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-shaft ingase ibambeke futhi imoto ingasebenzi kahle. Ngokujwayelekile, emva kwalokhu, ipompo ayikwazi ukuhlinzeka ngamanzi, noma ikunikeze ngezinga elibi kakhulu.

Ubani ongakwazi ukuhlonza ukuwohloka?

Ukugijima okumile kungatholakala kalula ngososayensi uma kuhlaziywa ipompo. Akusebenzi ekulimazeni kwewaranti.

Imithetho okufanele igcinwe

Noma yimuphi umkhiqizi wedivaysi ubonisa ukuthi ipompi ayinakusetshenziswa ngaphandle kwamanzi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhambisana nemigomo ethile, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinezinga eliphezulu leengozi.

Izizathu eziyinhloko zokuhluleka kweyunithi yilezi ezilandelayo:

• Imithombo nemithombo enesilinganiso esincane sokukhiqiza. Iphutha lokugijima okomile kungase kube ukukhethwa kokumiswa kwempompo engafanele, ehlukaniswa ngezinga eliphezulu lamandla. Noma isizathu singase sibe izenzakalo zemvelo. Isibonelo, ehlobo elishisayo, izinga lamanzi emithonjeni nasemigqumeni liyancipha, kanti izinga lokukhiqizwa kwabo liba liphansi kunombonakaliso wezinga lokukhishwa kwepompo.
• Inqubo yokudonsa amanzi amathangi. Kunconywa ukuqapha ngokucophelela ukuthi idivayisi ayigcini ngokuphelele amanzi, bese uyivala ngesikhathi.
• Lapho uphonsa amanzi kusuka kumbhobho wenethiwekhi, ipompo lihlanganiswe ngqo kulo. Kuyasiza ukwandisa ingcindezi. Njengoba ukucindezela ohlelweni kuphansi, lokhu kusetshenziswe ngokujwayelekile kwesiteshini sokumisa. Ukunquma umzuzu lapho kungekho manzi kunethiwekhi kunzima kakhulu.

Ukuvikelwa kwempompo ngokumelene nokusebenza okumile kuyimpoqo. Lapho ithangi likhishiwe, idivayisi ngeke ivule ngokuzenzakalelayo. Izoqhubeka isebenza kuze kube yilapho ihlehla noma kuze kube yilapho abasebenzisi abangalindelekile beyivala.

I-Float

Ukuvikelwa kwepompo kusukela ekusebenzeni okomile lapho ukudonsa amanzi kwenziwa nge-float. Izindleko zokushintsha okunjalo ziphansi.

Nika izinhlobo ezilandelayo zamadivayisi:

• Izinsimbi ezenzelwe ukugcwalisa ithangi kuphela. Ukuphakamisa izinga lamanzi kumkhawulo othile kubangela oxhumana nabo ukuthi bavule ngaphakathi kwunithi, futhi uhlelo lokumisa luyeka umsebenzi walo. Lolu hlobo lokugaya lusebenza njengesivikelo ngokumpompela, kodwa hhayi ekusebenzeni okumile.
• Okunye ukuguqulwa kuhilela ukusebenza ekuthuneni amathangi. Yilokho okudingekayo. Ikhebula ledivaysi lixhunyiwe ekuqhekekeni kwesinye sezigaba ezondla ipompo. Oxhumana nabo ngaphakathi kwedivaysi evulekile futhi, uma izinga lamanzi elitsheni elibhekene nesitsheni liyehla kwizinga elithile, ipompo iyeka. Umkhawulo odingekayo wokusebenza unqunywa indawo ekhulayo ye-float. Ikhebula ledivaysi lihlelwe ezingeni elihleliwe ngendlela yokuthi lapho i-float iyancipha, amanzi asekhona esitsheni lapho oxhumana nabo bevuliwe. Uma amanzi edonswa emthonjeni ngepompo enomfanekiso wokuziqhenya (self-priming), ukulungiswa kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela yokuthi lapho oxhumana nabo bevulwa khona, izinga lamanzi lingaphezu kwe-grate elandela amanzi.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lokhu kuvikelwa kwepompo ngokumelene nokusebenza okumile kusetshenziselwa cishe yonke imithombo ngamapompo. Amadivayisi akhiwa izinkampani ezahlukene.

Ngeshwa, i-float ayifani nokuhlukahluka kwayo. Emgqeni womthombo noma wenethiwekhi, akwazi ukulingana. Ezinye izinhlobo zisetshenziswa lapha.

Ukusebenzisa inkinobho yokucindezela ngokuvikelwa ekusebenzeni okumile

Ukuvikeleka kokudlulisela emuva ekusebenzeni okomile kwepompo kuyisisetshenziswa esivamile, esinezinto ezengeziwe zokuxhumana ovulekile uma ingcindezi iwela ngaphansi kwezinga eliphezulu.

Ngokuvamile leli nqanaba libekwe ngumkhiqizi wepom futhi liphakathi kuka-0.4 no-0.6 bar. Le nkomba ayilawulwa. Uma isetshenziswe kahle, ukucindezela ohlelweni ngeke kuwehlise ngaphansi kwalokhu kumaka, ngoba wonke amaphampu asetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa kwangasese asebenza ngokucindezela okukhulu.

Ukudonsa kuze kube semkhawulweni kuphela kungabonwa uma kungekho manzi epompo. Ngaphandle kwamanzi, akukho mshini, futhi ukulayishwa, okwenziwe ekusebenzeni okumile, kuvulwa oxhumana nabo abondla idivayisi. Ipompo ingaqala kuphela ngesandla. Ngaphambi kokwenza lokhu, kufanele ufake futhi ulungise imbangela yokuhluleka. Ipompo iphinde igcwale amanzi ngaphambi kokushintshwa okulandelayo.

Ngabe hlobo luni lwakhiwa lokhu kuvikelwa kwepompi okuhloswe? Ukusebenza okomile komshini wokucindezela kuzosiza ukugwema kuphela ukumiswa okuzenzakalelayo (ngokubambisana ne-tank). Uma kungenjalo, ukusebenza kwedivayisi kulahlekelwa incazelo yayo.

Ngokujwayelekile, ukulayishwa kwenzelwe ukucushwa okujulile kwepompo, kanye nesistimu yesimo noma isiteshi. Iphasitiki engaphansi komhlaba ibuye ivikelwe ekusebenzeni okumile.

I-switch switch ifakwe umsebenzi wokucindezela

Abakhiqizi abaningi bacela ukushintshwa kwe-tank hydraulic kanye nomshini wokucindezela ngenye idivayisi esebenzayo - inkinobho yokugeleza, noma ngokulawulwa kokucindezela. Le divayisi inikeza umyalo wokuqala ipompo lapho ukucindezela kwesistimu kwehla ku-1.5-2.5 ibha. Ngemuva kokuphela kwamanzi, i-pump iyahamba, ngoba umketshezi awudluli olayini.

Ipompo ivikelwe ekuhambeni okomile ngenzwa eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Ukuvalwa kwesistimu kwenzeka ngemuva kokulungisa ukusebenza okumile, okuthatha isikhathi esincane futhi kungathinti ukusebenza kwepompo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucindezela ukucindezela kunika ukuvikelwa emotheni eningi ngokweqile kwinethiwekhi kagesi.

Inzuzo enkulu yale unit iyisayizi encane nesisindo sayo. Ngeshwa, imakethi igcwele amadivayisi akhiqizwa amanye amazwe. Qonda ikhwalithi yalokhu noma leyo modeli ngezinye izikhathi kunzima kakhulu.

Ngokwesilinganiso, idivayisi isebenza iminyaka engaba ngu-1.5, uma nje umhlangano wenziwa ezingeni eliphezulu. Idivayisi, eqinisekisiwe futhi isebenza ngokuphezulu, yenziwa yi-ACTIVE. Izindleko zayo cishe ngama-dollar ayi-100.

Ukusebenzisa i-Level Switch

Isisekelo se-switch level siyibhodi le-elekthronikhi, lapho izinzwa zokuvikela ezomile ezihambayo zixhunyiwe khona. Njengomthetho, ukuklanywa kwedivayisi kuhilela ama-electrode amathathu, enye yawo eyenza umsebenzi wokulawula, futhi amabili - okusebenzayo. Baxhunywe kudivayisi ngokusebenzisa ucingo olujwayelekile olulodwa lwamandla kagesi. Ama-electrode asebenza ukukhombisa uphawu.

Isimiso sokusebenza kwedivayisi

Ukuvikelwa ekusebenzeni okumile kompompo we-downhole kuyaqaphela lapho izinzwa zibhapathizwa emathangeni emazingeni ahlukene. Uma amanzi ehlisa ngaphansi kwensimu yokuqapha, efakwe kancane ngaphezu kokuphakama kwepom ngokwalo, i-electrode idlulisela isignali kumshini wokushintshwa kwezinga bese iphampu iyeka.

Ngemva kokuba amanzi ephakanyiswe ngaphezu kwenzwa yokuqapha, ukuzenzekela kwepompi kusebenze. Ukuvikelwa kokusebenza okumile kunokwethenjelwa kakhulu, kepha izindleko zalokho kulayishwa ziphakeme kakhulu kunezinye amadivaysi. Idivayisi nayo isetshenziselwa ukupompa amanzi emithonjeni nasemithonjeni. Ukushintsha kwezinga ngokwayo kufakwe ngaphakathi endlini noma kunoma iyiphi indawo lapho kungekho khona umswakama.

Iyiphi idivayisi okufanele ikhethe?

Ukusetshenziswa kwedivayisi kuncike kumodeli wepom nokunambitheka komsebenzisi. Ochwepheshe baqaphele lokhu okulandelayo.

Ukuvikelwa ekusebenzeni okomile kwepompo ye-downhole, kanye namadivaysi asezintanjeni noma emithonjeni, izosetshenziswa ngokugcwele ngenkathi isebenzisa ukushintsha komshini nokushayela. Lawa madivaysi azoxhasana. Ngezindleko, le nketho ngeke ibe yabiza ngaphezu kokufaka ukushintsha kwezinga eliphezulu.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuvikela ipompi ehloselwe ukusebenza emithonjeni, ngokuvamile kuvame ukusebenzisa ukushintsha komshini. Kungcono ukusebenzisa amamodeli wezingxenye ezibiza kakhulu, kanye nomshini wezinga, ohlukaniswa ngezinga eliphezulu lokuthembeka.

Qaphela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yokuvikela akudingekile uma:

• Umthombo ujulile, futhi unezinga elihle lokukhiqiza, elichazwe epasipoti yezobuchwepheshe;
• unesipiliyoni esihle sokusebenzisa amaphampu emthonjeni noma emthonjeni;
• Uqinisekile ukuthi izinga lamanzi ohlelweni alishintshi.

Uma usebenzisa ipompo, qaphela ngokucophelela. Uma nje uqaphela ukuthi amanzi asele noma ukuhanjiswa okushisayo kuye kwabangela , okwenze ukuba iphampu ivaliwe, zama ukuthola imbangela yomcimbi, bese nje uqale uhlelo lwepompo.

Ukuguqulwa kwamandla kagesi

Naphezu kokuthi imishini yokuzivikela esebenzayo ezimisweni zasemqoka kanye nemigomo eqondakalayo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngaphandle kwezingxenye zemishini (amapayipi, ukushintshwa kwengcindezi, amamukeli, ama-valve nama-valve), kukhona ukulungiselelwa okusebenza kugesi.

Ipompi ingavikelwa ekuhambeni okomile ngosizo lokudlulisela emuva, izidakamizwa kanye nezimpikiswano. Le nqubo ayinzima kakhulu.

Kodwa manje amadivaysi ahlukahlukene kagesi aboniswa emakethe, futhi lokhu kwenza kube lula umsebenzi. Kukhona ngisho nezinyunithi ezizenzekelayo ezizenzekelayo ezihlanganisa umsebenzi wokudluliselwa kokuvikela nokushintshwa kwengcindezi. Amanye amamodeli enza ukuqala kabusha okuphambene kwepompo.

Isibonelo, impendulo ibonisa ukuthi i-model LC-22B ingakwazi ukubhekana nazo zonke izinkinga ezivela ohlelweni lokupompa ngokushesha.

Abasebenzisi babheka umshini wokucindezela u-EASYPRO kusuka kumkhiqizi wase-Italy uPeterrollo. Iqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwengcindezi yamanzi njalo , iqala ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi igweme ukusebenza kwepompo. Umlawuli wokucindezela kule divayisi ufakwa nge-tank yokwandisa kanye nomsebenzi wokuguqula ukucindezelwa kokungenisa ebangeni kusukela ku-1 ukuya ku-5 bar. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuboniswa kwedivayisi kubonisa lonke ulwazi oludingekayo mayelana nokusebenza kwesistimu yokumisa.

Isiphetho

Ukusetshenziswa kolwazi lwabo namakhono ekusebenziseni uhlelo lokuvikelwa kwesistimu yokumotheka akulula kakhulu. Noma yikuphi ukucushwa kwemishini kulula.
Ukuthola nje isisekelo semfundiso, kodwa futhi nolwazi lwezixazululo eziningana kule nkinga, uzokwazi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okushelelayo kwesistimu yakho yokumathisa.