Ukuqamba Ingqalasizinda: imiqondo kanye nezici

ukuthuthukiswa Innovative yenkinga uvame izimiso olungalungile ekwakhiweni kwengqalasizinda - base ku ngalo umsebenzi innovative ibhizinisi, esifundeni noma izwe. Kuyini uhlaka ezifana nalokho okukushoyo sokuthuthukisa uhlelo?

Umqondo ingqalasizinda emisha

Noma yiluphi uhlelo noma zenhlalo ubudlelwane zokukhiqiza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kufanele uthathe ezingeni elisha. Nge zavela kancane kancane njalo kwesimiso esinjalo buyashintsha, balimi, nokwenza kwayo kuya ezingeni entsha. Kungenxa enjalo intuthuko eqhubekayo futhi inqubo yentuthuko engaba zesayensi kanye lobuchwepheshe umphakathi, okunikeza umfutho ekuthuthukiseni impucuko iyonke.

Ngokuyinhloko, nokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda emisha siphathelene izinqubo emikhulu efana ukwakheka entsha yokusondela ukuphathwa ngesilinganiso sesizwe sonke. Ngakho-ke, izinqubo kumiswa ngokuvamile kusebenza kuya ngezinga kazwelonke kanye zisekelwe ekwenziweni kwamaphrojekthi entsha ezweni elifanayo.

ingqalasizinda innovative indlela eyisisekelo imisebenzi ngokuyinhloko entsha ye ohlelweni olukhona. Lo mqondo ingasetshenziswa ne incazelo ehlukile, kodwa empeleni yayo imi kanje: iqoqo ezinhlakeni ezehlukene ezihlobene eduze komunye nomunye, okuyinto abakhonza futhi ashukumise amagciwane emisha kuleli zwe.

Tincenye ingqalasizinda emisha

Ezweni lethu izikhonzi ezintsha ukuthuthukiswa isakhiwo yilezi: emisha nobuchwepheshe izikhungo, laboratories zocwaningo emanyuvesi ezinkulu, ubuchwepheshe iyindawo, izikhungo zebhizinisi nokunye. Lokhu kuhlanganisa zonke izinhlangano ezikhuthaza imisebenzi ezintsha emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yesayensi nakwezomnotho.

izinhlelo indlela

ukuthuthukiswa Ukuqamba ingqalasizinda kanye ngcono. Ukuze yengamele ukusungulwa izindlela ezahlukene. Uhlelo icubungula indlela ucwaningo yilona enemisebenzi kakhulu. Yena ihlola ekumiseni ingqalasizinda ezintsha futhi liqukethe sokuhlukanisa ezihlukahlukene ukuqeqeshwa izikhungo kanye nezinhlangano for amabhlogo eziningana.

1. Unit lwezezimali - iqhaza ekuthuthukiseni ingqalasizinda zezimali, ukuheha utshalomali ucwaningo nentuthuko izikhungo, ngoba nokwenziwa ngempumelelo ezahlukene usizo lwezimali.
2. Ukukhiqizwa Nobuchwepheshe Unit - obhekene ucwaningo nokulingwa ocwaningweni namaphrojekthi eqhubekayo.
3. Imininingwane iyunithi - obhekene kokukhanyisa imisebenzi yocwaningo kanye nentuthuko phambili ekukhulumeni kwabezindaba, ukulungiselela emaphepheni, izingqungquthela, izingxoxo, izingxoxo.
4. Abasebenzi Unit - ihlinzeka abasebenzi ikhono ukuheha e ezindleleni ezintsha kanye nolwazi.
5. Yokuxhumanisa iyunithi sokweluleka kuhlanganisa nezinhlangano wahlanganyela ukuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo ku izimpikiswano Nelungelo, ukuvikelwa kwempahla yengqondo, kutfolwa kwetitifiketi kanye Standardization, kanye izikhungo ukuhlinzeka engachemile.
6. Distribution iyunithi - obhekene ukukhanga amaphrojekthi zimali, ukudala elikhangayo commercial zomkhiqizo emisha, kuvuleke nangapha isikhungo ucwaningo ukuze amabhizinisi zezimboni lapho olungisiwe ukukhiqizwa serial kwemikhiqizo ezintsha.

Ukudalwa ingqalasizinda ezintsha

Ukuze ukwakheka umkhiqizo ezintsha kudinga ukuxhumana eduze labacwaningi nososayensi lapho kwakuphambana khona eyala eziningana ngokwesayensi. Lokhu kuphakamisa futhi preconditions ngoba ukudalwa umkhiqizo wokugcina, nezithiyo kule nqubo.

Izinto eyeka ukuthuthukiswa "emisha ephasishi" kwezinye izindawo kuleli zwe, zihlanganisa:

• yokuntuleka kwabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe;
• sokuvuselela kancane amakhono okukhiqiza;
• ababuthakathaka ukwesekwa nguhulumeni imizamo ezintsha kanye ucwaningo olusha;
• Ukungabi nolwazi olwanele mayelana kungenzeka izimakethe ekupheleni mkhiqizo, kubandakanya phesheya.

Ukuhlaziya ingqalasizinda ezintsha

Njengoba singabona, isithiyo eziyisisekelo ekuthuthukiseni sezulu ezintsha kukhona, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ku engekho indlela methodological ekukhuthazeni imisebenzi yocwaningo. Lapho onekusasa yesayensi, ingqalasizinda emisha kwembuleka esimeningcondvo wonke amayunithi uhlelo. With ukuntuleka kwezinsiza ezithile, emisha izidingo nesifunda ukusekela kusuka kuhulumeni kanye zimali abazimele.

Indawo emisha izikhungo

I-Russian ingqalasizinda emisha bagxila eduze izikhungo ebaluleke kakhulu kwezesayensi nakwezobuchwepheshe. Lokhu ngokuyinhloko eMoscow nesifunda eMoscow, ne omkhulu ucwaningo iyikho. Enhloko-dolobha, ngempumelelo ukuqhuba imisebenzi yabo izinhlangano 652, 34 yezindawo ezinkulu ibhizinisi ucwaningo, ezisebenza ngaphansi kohlelo olubizwa ngokuthi isimo, ezintathu ehola nanotechnology isikhungo - edumile "T-Nano", Zelenograd Nanotechnology Centre, I-Nanotechnology Centre inhlanganisela. Enhloko-dolobha futhi isebenza ngempumelelo Isikhungo Terrestrial Magnetism - omunye izikhungo lokuqala yesayensi yeRussia. Amaningi kakhulu sokuthuthukisa emisha futhi kubeka uhulumeni eMoscow. Ngakho, ngenxa yakhe, wadalwa "Technopolis" - ehola epaki zezimboni senzelwe umklamo nokuthuthukisa ithekhnoloji okusezingeni eliphezulu. I ukushuba kule ndawo ocwaningo izinkampani mayelana 20 ezisebenza emikhakheni ehlukahlukene oyithandayo ngokwesayensi.

izikhungo ezinjalo zitholakala kulo lonke elakwa-WaseRussia, eduze zonke izikhungo ezinkulu zesayensi kanye ezemfundo nge izindawo ezinhle laboratory kanye nocwaningo. Ingqalasizinda emisha izixhumanisi izikhungo ezifana no izithakazelo ukuthuthukiswa ezivamile, kuziwa nokuxhumana nabalingani angaphandle, okuvumela inflow lekusisa enarheni yethu.

Imiphumela

Ngakho, nokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda imizamo ezintsha owenza umsebenzi ngesikhathi Research Institute wezwe lakithi ezikhangayo esengeziwe ososayensi ezifuywayo angaphandle. Ukutholakala kuxhaswa kuhulumeni kuyasiza ukuqhubeka nesifundo. Umkhiqizo wokugcina ezingase zithathwe ngokushesha futhi ulethe izinzuzo kwezohwebo, kungase ungethele ngokushesha ibhizinisi. Ngenxa iqoqo izinyathelo, ingqalasizinda ezintsha uyaqhubeka ukuthuthukisa futhi aphakamise idumela yesayensi wezwe lakithi emhlabeni.