Ukudala kanye biography of Mendelssohn. Lapho kuqala wamuzwa lomshado Mendelssohn sika nimashe?

Felix Mendelssohn - umqambi isiJalimane, owabhala edumile "Wedding Mashi." He is - onekhono wopiyano, uthisha, umqhubi kanye uthisha. Umsebenzi wakhe nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni kanye nokusebenza ukuphila zomculo hhayi kuphela e-Germany, lapho ayehlala khona, kodwa futhi emhlabeni wonke. Wasiza ukuvela amakhono amasha nokukhula babo bomsebenzi.

umndeni

Umqambi wezingoma odumile Felix Mendelssohn wazalwa eyesithathu ngo-February 1809 e-Hamburg. Yena uvela emkhayeni wamaJuda kanye namasiko lasendulo. Umkhulu Mendelssohn kwakuyisipho sefilosofi esidumile, uthisha-German. Ubaba uFeliksi wayeyinhloko yendlu yasebhange futhi ingabe connoisseur yobuciko.

Ngo Mendelssohn Udadewabo uFanny ayemthanda kakhulu. Ubaba wakhe washona ngo-1835, futhi uFeliksi kunzima kakhulu ngasinda igalelo kuqala ukudalelwa.

Felix Mendelssohn. Biography: Childhood

umama kukaFeliksi at an zakuqala nobudala waphawula ithalente lakhe elimangalisayo umculo. Kwaba uthisha wakhe wokuqala. Lapho ulwazi wakhe uFeliksi ayisekho ngokwanele, wamthatha kuye ukuqhubeka Lyudvigu Bergeru, umqambi wezingoma odumile, edlala nopiyano.

Mendelssohn biography iqukethe ukwaziswa kakade eminyakeni 7 wathuthuka kakhulu, futhi 10 izilaleli Enchanted play wakhe ekhonsathini yangasese. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wafunda ukudlala viola, okuyinto kamuva yaba omunye amathuluzi akhe ozithandayo.

Ezemfundo Mendelssohn

Mendelssohn wanikezwa imfundo yekhethelo. Watadisha imidwebo, izibalo, izincwadi, wayazi ngezilimi eziningi. Wayehamba kakhulu. Lapho ngineminyaka engu-11, Mendelssohn waya lokuyofunda Berlin Choral Academy. Umholi wayo kwaba Carl Friedrich owafundisa noFeliksi.

Ukuqala ngendlela okudala Mendelssohn

ithalente kukaFeliksi zomculo lakhula ngokushesha. Kakade 1822, mayelana nomsebenzi Mendelssohn baqala ukukhuluma entsha kanjani isimangaliso emculweni. Ngo-1824 Mendelssohn wabhala "Okokuqala Symphony" futhi ezinye ezimbalwa izingcezu umculo. Ngemva konyaka kuloluhla "String OCTET." Udumo Umhlaba bamlethela ibika Mendelssohn ukuba "Ukulala A Midsummer Ebusuku." Lo msebenzi yayihlanganisa imidwebo kokuqala edumile "Wedding Mashi."

Conductor Mendelssohn nabo baqala kusesenesikhathi. Kakade eminyakeni engu-20 ngaphansi kobuholi bakhe, i-orchestra enze imisebenzi by Bach sika "Passion NgokukaMathewu." Ukucula Academy ngangiyithanda yibo ukuze kusukela manje kuqhubeke imisebenzi yakhe waqala ukufaka in repertoire yabo minyaka yonke.

umsebenzi

Ngo-1833 Mendelssohn biography kuvuselela umsebenzi wakhe wokudala asebenzayo. Waba umculo umqondisi ku Dusseldorf. Ngesisekelo repertoire yakhe umqhubi steel Handel. Wasebenza iminyaka emibili kuphela. Wabe esehamba Leipzig. Kube waba umholi we Gewandhaus.

Ngo-1843 wasungula Leipzig Conservatory, ngesikhathi esifanayo abe umholi wayo. Manje Yaphinde yaqanjwa ngokuthi i-Academy of Music. Mendelssohn. UFelix wadala futhi isikole umculo e Leipzig, okuyinto babengafani nabanye ukugxila zabuna.

Ukudala Feliksa Mendelsona

Eminyakeni 1829-1833 Mendelssohn uhambo e-Europe. Yena wahambela amazwe amaningi futhi amadolobha. Okuvelayo akubona wamnika izithombe ezintsha zomculo ukuthi bakwenze.

Eliphawuleka kakhulu usebenza Mendelsohn Leipzig isikhathi "Ryu Bias", "Scotch Symphony" Violin Concerto e E Minor, 2 upiyano trio. Ngu "Nisalele ubusuku ehlobo," ebhala umculo esekelwe ibika yakhe yokuqala okudalwe yilo msebenzi. Kwafika oda kusukela iNkosi yasePrussia.

Mendelson iqhaza enhlanganweni futhi Nizhnereynskih Birmingham umculo imikhosi. Ngamthanda eNgilandi, futhi wangena khona izikhathi 10. Wayeqhuba-orchestra eLondon Birmingham, enza oratorio "Eliya" wayenguJohane.

Mendelssohn zothando

Mendelssohn asithandayo classicism nemibono kwekhulu XVIII ngaphezu kwanoma yimuphi omunye umqambi. umculo wakhe libhekene ibhalansi nokuzwana, ukuzibamba nangobuciko. Maphakathi 1820. Waba isitayela sakhe, ukudweba ugqozi ezincwadini, imvelo, ubuciko kanye nomlando.

Yilokho wamenzela romantic ngokwezinga elikhulu kunabanye. Phakathi izingoma zakhe kanye emakhorasi yomlando amagugu eqiniso. Ngokwesibonelo, ingoma "On Wings of Iculo", kulotshiwe amazwi Heine.

Mendelssohn-instrumentalist

Njengoba i instrumentalist-umqambi kwenkonzo yakhe waqala nge symphony ngoba string-orchestra e isitayela classicism saseVienna. Phakathi nale misebenzi ivelele "Scottish" futhi "Italian". Okokuqala Symphony olunzulu futhi ocebile ezingafani ngaphezulu.

Ikhono Mendelssohn ngokucacile ngendlela elula nenhle ngesikhathi esifanayo umkhiqizo "Iculo Ngaphandle Amagama". Lolu chungechunge upiyano izicucu. BanjengamaJuda idayari lyrical ka noFeliksi.

Personal ukuphila Mendelssohn

Ngisho ebusheni bakhe Mendelssohn nenye intokazi okuthiwa Sesil Zhanreno. Wayengumngane ukhulele emkhayeni ocebile amaHuguenot. Ngokushesha, zaba umshado. Cecile kwaba intombazane enhle kakhulu nge imikhuba emihle uhlamvu ezolile. emshadweni wabo wayejabule futhi eqinile. Cecile uFeliksi bazala izingane ezinhlanu. Lokhu ephefumulelwe Mendelssohn namanje lonke uchungechunge imisebenzi emisha.

Mashi ngu Mendelssohn: umlando ekudalweni nokuduma

Ukudala "Wedding Mashi" by Mendelssohn kwakungekho lokubhala abavamile omunye umkhiqizo. Anakho indaba ezahlukene. Qala kuthatha ne ibika ukuthi "A Midsummer Ebusuku IPHUPHO." Lapho kuqala Ezwa "Wedding Mashi" by Mendelssohn? Ngemva ibika ukuthi umculo ebhaliwe ngemisebenzi lokudlalwayo kaShakespeare. Yingaleso sikhathi-ke, ngo-1843, i- "Wedding Mashi" kwakuzwakala okokuqala. Kodwa ukuthandwa wathola kancane kancane. Umdlalo awuzange laziwa kabanzi.

Lapho kuqala Ezwa "Wedding Mashi" by Mendelssohn emshadweni? Okokuqala Ngakhetha lo msebenzi ngoba zihambisane nezinsimbi zomculo we umbhangqwana wedding wakhe kusukela Tiverton, Tom uDaniyeli Doroti Kerri. Umshado senzeka ngo-1847. Kodwa le mashi bese hhayi eyathandwa kakhulu. iminyaka engu-50 kuphela ngemva umshado uTom noDorothy, waba, ekugcineni, imisebenzi edumile by Mendelssohn, okuyinto uhlala kuze kube namuhla.

Mendelssohn biography iqukethe ukwehlukanisa indaba udumo ekukhuleni kwayo sibonga "Wedding Mashi." Lokhu idumela amenza umshado wasebukhosini. ELondon, kwaba ozoba umshado Princess Victoria Adelaide British Umqhele Prince Frederick William yasePrussia. Ukuze umshado kwakudingekile ukukhetha buyafaneleka okwamanje emisiwe umculo.

Victoria Adelaide has connoisseur yayo. Futhi ukhethe umculo for the wedding akakuvumelanga ubani. Wathatha le ndaba njengokungathi zihloselwe ukukucasula. Ngemva kokulalela imisebenzi eminingi bomculo ezahlukene, inkosazana wema ngasemnyango Wagner opera "Lohengrin" futhi "Wedding Mashi" by Mendelssohn.

Okokuqala Victoria Adelaide uqoke isikhathi lapho uzoholela ekutheni altare. Futhi "Wedding Mashi" by Mendelssohn eleza ngemva okufezwayo esithenjini lapho ephuma esontweni. Umshado senzeka lwamashumi amabili nanhlanu ku-January 1858 kusukela kulolu suku "Wedding Mashi" lakhunjulwa futhi njalo wangena vogue njengendlela umculo lomshado saziso emshadweni.

Ngonyaka odlule wokuphila

Mendelssohn biography iphela ngonyaka bokugcina bokuphila kwakhe. Ngo-1847, impilo Mendelssohn sika iye yawohloka. Ngaleso sikhathi wayesevile eminyakeni engu-London. udokotela wakhe belulekwa uFeliksi ukuyeka kokwenza umsebenzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kokufa udadewabo othandekayo Fanny, owayeneminyaka kunaye iminyaka 4 nje kuphela ubudala. inkumbulo yakhe wanikezela piercingly umsebenzi edabukisayo - a string quartet f-uMoll.

ukufa kadade kwaba buhlungu osindayo kuye. Futhi abakwazanga ukuthola ukusuka ke. UDade ngaye kwakusho lukhulu, ukuthi ukuhamba kwakhe waphelelwa amandla okuphila. emva amaningi njengoba izinyanga ezinhlanu sekufeni kwakhe, wazama ukulwa yithemba ezikhulayo kanye ukukhathala, kodwa kwanhlanga zimuka nomoya.

Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba afe, sisesimweni semi bayazi. Yonke imibuzo ayengakwenza kuphela "cha" impendulo noma "yebo." Felix Mendelssohn wafa eLeipzig wesine ngoNovemba 1847 yisifo sohlangothi. Ngaleso sikhathi wayeneminyaka engu-38 kuphela ubudala.