Ucingo isengezo senethiwekhi opharetha. Ithebula Operators MVNO

Isihloko ezocatshangelwa opharetha virtual yeselula, zithandwa ensimini ka WaseRussia. Basuke pretty okuningi okuchazwa lapha kuphela kunazo owaziwa futhi ekhangayo kumakhasimende. Iningi lazo uvele ensimini esanda, kodwa uye wakwazi ukuqoqa abasebenzisi babo. opharetha ngamunye uzama ukwehlisa intengo kuya elikhulu ukunciphisa outflow amakhasimende.

"Eri Telecom"

Muva nje (2016) "Dom.ru" kungaba kakade kubhekwe umqhubi virtual. Kuze kube manje, it ovunyelwe ukuthenga ikhadi le-SIM ngaphansi kwegama "Air Telecom". Ngo-March, uxhumano yayitholakala kulabo abahlala Kirov kuphela. Ngu ekupheleni konyaka wenkonzo ka-exhunywe kulo lonke elaseRussia. Isebenza ngesisekelo "Tele2" opharetha.

Nakuba ukuthenga ikhadi le-SIM kungaba phezu kwezinye amasevisi anikezwa kuhleloxhumano yeselula. Sikhuluma-Inthanethi, sefoni kanye ithelevishini. Imali ukusetshenziswa kwekhadi le ruble 250. / ngenyanga. Izophinda ukuqopha Imali iphakheji eziyisisekelo: 300 imiz. inethiwekhi, 6 GB Inthanethi nemilayezo 300. izingcingo Local abiza ruble 0.9. ngomzuzu, kwezinye izifunda of the Russian Federation - .. ruble 8, i-SMS izokubiza 2.5 ruble. Uma lenethiwekhi isiphelile zonke umkhawulo etholakalayo, ngoba njalo ngomzuzu umsebenzisi ngenxa akhokhe ruble 2.

Kuze kube sekupheleni konyaka "Eri Telecom" wethula inethiwekhi kulo lonke leli zwe. Inhloso opharetha - ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze bazivikele outflow abasebenzisi, ngokunikeza lonke iqoqo ukuxhumana ngezindleko eziphansi.

Uma siyiqaphele intengo eliphansi amanani we-opharetha, singasho ngokuphepha ukuthi uhlelo "ngokwesilinganiso". Ngokwesibonelo, la masevisi ukunikeza "MegaFon" futhi "Beeline", lapho ethola khona ishibhile.

"Rostelecom"

Kuyaziwa ukuthi kuze kube 2014 "Rostelecom" enikeziwe izakhamuzi amasevisi mobile Russian ezaziwayo. Esikhathini ikota yesithathu 2016, inkampani usayine isivumelwano ne "Tele2". Ngemva kwalokho, ezingeni federal, yaqala ukusebenza isengezo mobile services opharetha. Phakathi ukusebenza ohlelweni bekuhlela amelele 'Rostelecom "washo kuzogxilwa 4play, kodwa kunalokho ku amanani, okuyinto asebenze ngaphakathi kohlaka yayo.

Inani eliphelele inkontileka kuyinto 330 400 000 ruble. Lokhu izindleko ibalwa ikhumbula VAT kakade. Lokho okuzokwenza kwenziwe izibalo, kuye ngokuthi inani ukusetshenziswa uhla egcwele services. Inkontileka isebenza unyaka noma kuze ukukhathala yazo zonke kumkhawulo izimali.

Labo izindawo akhonzwa "Tele2", futhi bakwazi ukusebenzisa MVNO "Rostelecom" amasevisi. Kodwa kukhona kungenzeka ukuthi niyozenezelelwa yisiphi isivumelwano esikhethekile. Kancane ekuqaleni, ngaphambi ukwethulwa inethiwekhi core, inkampani olwenziwa project umshayeli we-opharetha virtual esifundeni esise-Ural. Abamele "Rostelecom" wanelisekile ngokugcwele imiphumela uhlelo umshayeli izipesheli. Ngaphambi kokuqala opharetha virtual, kusho inkampani ukuthi zonke izinsiza ku ezihlobene 4play nganoma iyiphi indlela. Abanye ongakhetha zokuxhumana MVNO «Rostelecom" akayi phambili.

Ukumenyezelwa iphrojekthi phakathi izinkampani ezimbili senzeka ngo 2015. Ngisho nangaleso sikhathi cishe sekuphothuliwe ezingxenyeni lobuchwepheshe kanye commercial yephrojekthi.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi umfelandawonye phakathi "Rostelecom" futhi "Tele2" akuyona eyokuqala. Ngo-2014, ummeleli echazwe ngesisekelo kuhleloxhumano yeselula yesibili inikeza ngamasevisi ahlukahlukene, owayesebenza esise-Ural, Perm esifundeni. kumakhasimende ezinkampani kuphela ingakwazi kubo.

"Matrix"

Ngesisekelo "MegaFon" Inkampani "Matrix Telecom" iqale zenethiwekhi ensimini ka Russia ngo-2003

Omele yasungulwa ngo 1998. Kakade wabe inikeza izingcingo zomhlaba jikelele kanye elide. Ngo-2000 ibuyekeziwe isignali okuphakelayo ubuchwepheshe, futhi ngemva kweminyaka emithathu inkampani yasayina isivumelwano ne "Sonic Duo", eyaziwa kangcono ngaphansi kwegama "MegaFon". Ngenxa yalokho lesi sivumelwano enikeziwe sha wokuqala wemali yayo "Infinite". Lokhu kwaba ukuqala umsebenzi njengoba opharetha ebonakalayo. Kusukela ngomhla ka-2008, inethiwekhi uye wasebenzisa lawo lalingaba zinkulungwane 155. Man. I amaningi asebenzayo zazo ayizinkulungwane 75. Izakhamuzi.

"Matrix Telecom" ekwandiseni zone kwezinhlelo zayo. Yena njalo esebenza ukuhlanganisa ongakhetha ngaphandle dolobha zesizwe. Kuze kube yimanje, ke ibambisane Northwest Yegatsha we umlingani. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka sokukholelwa ukuthi ngokushesha ubudlelwano kuyoba.

"SKYLINK"

"SKYLINK" (eMoscow) yasungulwa ngo-2003 ukuze aqinise umsebenzi yesifunda inethiwekhi opharetha ezisebenza ubuchwepheshe NMT-450. Ngenxa yokulethwa ngo-2005 babo naye obukhetheke ejwayelekile EV-DO opharetha nokunikeza izinsizakalo ngesisekelo inkampani, bakwazi ukuthuthukisa ijubane Internet ilethwa.

"Sky Link" kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuxhumana ezihlukahlukene 30 izifunda nesimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ezivumela ababhalisile ukuba uxhumane, etholakala endaweni Latvia, Belarus Pridnestrovie.

"Imiyalezo Central"

Ngesisekelo inkampani "SKYLINK" (eMoscow) usebenza isengezo opharetha mobile "Imiyalezo Central." Umsebenzi wakhe waqala ngo-2013. Ukusabalala itholakala kuphela esifundeni Moscow. Umncintiswano kule ndawo mikhulu, ukuze opharetha abanakekela izinga amasevisi zayo, kanye namanani sehliselwe elikhulu. Abamele kaningi sisho ukuthi bafuna ukwenza ukhetho enemisebenzi ukuthi omsebenzisi elula kunazo ukuzisebenzisa. Sikhuluma, isibonelo, ilogi phambili inombolo ethile, kanye kudalwa akhawunti eyodwa eyinhloko.

"Plus One"

Ngo-2011, umsebenzi "okukodwa" opharetha virtual wethulwa ngesisekelo "SKYLINK". engavamile yayo itholakala iqiniso ukuthi - omunye wemisebenzi kakade aziwa "Rostelecom".

Amasevisi broadband. Ukugcizelela kubekwa kakhulu ukufinyelela ku-intanethi. Inzuzo enikezwa yenkampani 3G enamathela inhlanganisela futhi esifundeni eMoscow umsebenzi kude izicelo ezahlukene kanye nolwazi imithombo.

Abasebenzisi eyinhloko isengezo namasevisi agxile kukhona abantu abazimele kanye zomthetho, abadinga isisekelo ezishibhile futhi enokwethenjelwa ukusetshenziswa ekhaya futhi ehhovisi amanethiwekhi uma uvakasha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nkampani bangaba ezithakazelisayo ukuze abantu abangekho aneliseke ongakhetha okunikezwe abanye ezinengilazi, noma labo babe hhayi endaweni yabo yokuxhumana phansi.

"Allo-incognito"

Enye inethiwekhi, ezisebenza ngesisekelo "SKYLINK". Njengoba isizathu, lisebenzisa "MegaFon" futhi "Beeline", njengezinye eziningi nezinye mobile isengezo senethiwekhi opharetha. Umsebenzi wakhe yaqala ngo-2001. Kuze kube manje, kwamanye amasevisi usinikeza usebenzisa amanethiwekhi zabo. Lokhu opharetha virtual ingenye endala eRussia. Esinemthombo ithumba eMoscow nesifunda yayo, uPetru zonke ezinye izindawo akhiwe esifundeni North-West.

Esaba Ngayo eziyisisekelo opharetha "MegaFon" lokuqala, inkontileka esayinwe ngo 2003. sesibili kwakukhona "SKYLINK", lapho le nkampani waqala ukusebenza sokugcina le "Beeline" ngo-2008. Incwadi yesivumelwano yasayinwa ngo-2011

"Cell phone Yabantu"

Lokhu opharetha mobile virtual unikwe ilayisensi ngo-2009. Kodwa kuze kube manje, amasevisi enikeziwe. Abukho ubufakazi, kungani kwenzekile lokho. Ake sicabangele lokho izimiso bona ubeka inkampani.

It ekuqaleni kuhlelwe ukuthi opharetha siyofeza imisebenzi ensimini ka eMoscow, eSt Petersburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Samara, eKemerovo futhi Rostov. Ukusebenza inikeza "Tele2".

Isici esiyinhloko inkampani ukugwema ukusetshenziswa imibhoshongo, okwakuyoholela isiqinisekiso Ukusabalala. Zonke abakutholayo kakade umsebenzi kusukela Telecom eziyisisekelo opharetha. Le nkampani isikhathi sokuhlola ubunjalo balabo inethiwekhi, imiphumela okuyinto yena wathokoza. Uqinisile uma ukuxhumeka izotholakala izakhamuzi Russia, yokulibiza ayaziwa.

"Atlas"

Atlas - umqhubi virtual osebenzela ngesisekelo "Beeline". Lemisebenti uqalise nge ukuphela phambili kwehlobo lika-2016. Iyatholakala ensimini ka eMoscow nesifunda. I-opharetha imahhala futhi kuwumsebenzi lenhlangano Russian Ventures. Inhloso yayo ubhekwa umsebenzi eminyakeni emithathu ezayo "ukumboza" uxhumano hhayi kuphela Russia kodwa kwamanye amazwe-United Commonwealth.

Uma umuntu njalo isebenzisa izinkonzo opharetha, inyanga ngayinye sithola kuzosiza okukodwa mahhala kwe-izinhlelo tariff. Kukhona emihlanu kuphela zenzelwe sokuchitha isikhathi nabanye abantu, ngokuvakashela imithombo Inthanethi, amabhayisikobho nokunye. Umbuto kutsi izinga isipho incike nokuvama ukusetshenziswa isicelo. Uma wayefisa, ungakwazi ukuthenga ngokwakho emisiwe. I-opharetha ubeka Ukugcizelelwa yokuthi akunandaba ukuthi umsebenzisi ukhokha. Uma ungenayo i-traffic ngokwanele, ungakwazi ngaso sonke isikhathi uthenga ngaphezulu imali yayo ebonakalayo. Yena wathola ngaphakathi isicelo. I Umbuso indawo ikuvumela ukuba ngokushesha futhi ngokushesha ukuthola futhi amthengele imishini noma ezinye izimpahla. Ngenxa yalesi umsebenzisi uzothola imali ebonakalayo.

Uhlelo oluyisisekelo oluthi izinga ukukhokhiswa izingcingo ku inethiwekhi, senziwa ngendlela yokuthi umuntu akukuniki imali uxhumano. Imali ayikho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akukho ithuba namasevisi axhunyiwe namasu efanayo, nakuba ziziningi mobile inethiwekhi opharetha. Abathengi usebenzisa "Atlas" ukuxhumana, engasoze 'bangene lokususa. " Akunakwenzeka lokho.

Ngeshwa, i-mobile isengezo senethiwekhi opharetha "Atlas" alinikezi uxhumano ngamazwe. Ngokusho isitatimende yi omele, sizovela njengoba nje inkampani uzokwazi ukwenza inkonzo engabizi kakhulu futhi izinga. Ukuxhumana lonke elaseRussia icala okufanayo, ngakho ungakwazi ngokuphepha ushayele phesheya isimo.

ikhadi Sim ekhishwe ngobuningi elinganiselwe. Zinikeza ithuba ukusizakala izinga okuhle kanye nezinsizakalo ze-opharetha.

"Quince-mobil"

Enye opharetha virtual - Aiva-Mobile, ezisebenza ngesisekelo "Tele2". Futhi, inethiwekhi oyinhloko MTS. ERussia, inkampani kubhekwa umholi. It wethulwa 2014.

Operator iqinisekisa abasebenzisi bayo nemibandela elula elihle kunawo futhi ngokubambisana. Ugxila izakhamuzi ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union, ikakhulukazi benaka Asia Ephakathi. I Russian Federation engakaze bancishwa, ngakho enamathela likhona lapha kanye. Izwe lokuqala lapho kwakukhona khona isixhumanisi kusuka le opharetha, baba Tajikistan.

Abamele inkampani batshelwa ukuthi, abasebenza nabo, isikhokhelo uzothola eliphezulu, engabizi futhi ongakhetha okuphelele ukusetshenziswa kuhleloxhumano yeselula. Izinzuzo kukhona izindlu ezimbili ezihlukene exhunywe ne-SIM card, ngalinye elikwazi iyasebenza sonke isikhathi, kungenzeka wokudlilisela kuzula nengabizi. Abasebenzisi ngokuvamile ukuxhuma opharetha inikezwe.

"Smarts"

Ngesisekelo inkampani ezisebenza mobile isengezo senethiwekhi opharetha. Ukuhlola kafushane ngasinye:

• "E". Operational kusukela ngo-2008 Ungadliwa abantu abangu izifunda eziyisikhombisa WaseRussia. Kuyinto umbuzo Mordovia, Bashkortostan, Tatarstan, Chuvashia, Saratov, Ulyanovsk, Astrakhan. Libhekene e ukuthi inenani ongaphakeme. Uma ababhalisile ku elifanayo ke ukuxhumana nabanye bangase khulula. Cishe opharetha kuphela usebenza inombolo enkulu abasebenzisi ivela.
• "Fly." Usebenza kusukela 2012 Ungadliwa abantu abangu Tatarstan kuphela. Esikhathini esingaba unyaka owathengwa cishe 1 ayizinkulungwane. Abasebenzisi. Manje opharetha wathenga "Smarts-Kazan ', kodwa uyaqhubeka ukuhlinzeka amasevisi mobile.
• "Euroset". Ukusebenza kusukela ngo-2007 kuya usebenze kuphela kuze kube 2009. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi impumelelo abakhileyo opharetha Russian is hhayi kuluthola. inkampani Basic wayeka inkonzo emva ukwabelana nathengwa ngu "Vympel".
• "BDC". Mayelana sekuvele esisanda kuxoxa ngazo. ilayisensi Roskomnadzor sikhishelwe isikhathi eside. Umsebenzi uye ungakaqali. The Inkampani akayenzi iwaranti ukuthi izinhlelo iyogcwaliseka Ukusabalala enikeziwe. Isithakazelo kusuka abasebenzisi okungaba Sekuyisikhathi eside ucime, ngakho akunakwenzeka ngisho nangemva kwethulwa inethiwekhi izothola yimpumelelo kwezohwebo.

MTS

umsebenzi MTS ezisekelwe mobile isengezo senethiwekhi opharetha, kuyasiza sicabangele kafushane kubo:

• "U-Alla". Umsebenzi waqala ngo-2010. Kuyinto umkhiqizo ahlangene iketanga "Perekrestok" nezitolo ezinkulu, "Carousel" nokunye futhi MTS. Isebenza ne-tariff eyodwa kuphela, kanye eziningi nezinye opharetha MVNO. Lwenza ababhalisile ukusebenzisa amasevisi mobile for imali encane, eqinisweni, bavunyelwe buthelela amaphuzu futhi ukuba uthenge ezitolo ngenhla. Ukwakhiwa kwaleso sikhungo kwamiswa ngo-2012. Labo abantu zazinikezwa khona, idluliselwe MTS. Imali ekhokhelwa futhi kwalondolozwa icebo lakhe.
• "A-Mobile". Isebenza kusukela ngo-2008. Futhi, umkhiqizo ngokuhlanganyela. Ngalesi sikhathi, le nyunyana kwaba hypermarket "Auchan". Imali yokugibela angathengwa kuphela kulo. Loluhlelo esiyinhloko siwukuthi ubaba isikhokhelo inikezwe imizuzu engu-15 ngosuku ukukhuluma nomuntu ujabulela izinsizakalo ezifanayo. Uma umsebenzisi lesibili ixhunywe omunye tariff, izindleko isilinganiso jikelele eMoscow nesifunda.
• "I-Messenger Hambayo". Ngaphambi ukusebenzisa lo msebenzi ube virtual opharetha mobile, kanye MTS ukhiphe umugqa wemali izinhlelo. Ekwindla ka-2013 eMoscow esifundeni unikezwe enamathela. Ngemva nje kancane kwalokho, inethiwekhi isibe utholwa yibo bonke abasebenzisi MTS.