Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna: A Biography, empilweni yakho

Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna ungumhleli kanye Umhlanganisi yemisebenzi ephelele (amavolumu 30), eyabhalwa umyeni wakhe odumile, ukuthi ahambe kusukela 2007. She - Russian isibalo somphakathi, ilungu leBhodi of Trustees esiKhwama, "kunjalo Mahhala" futhi iBhodi Labaphathiswa imvuselelo Solovetsky sezindela. Hhayi umzuzu ayihlali lutho, akuyona wethemba azithele ngabandayo okuphumelela somyeni wakhe futhi usaqhubeka umsebenzi wakhe Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna. USolzhenitsyn Isikhwama is hhayi ngaphandle ukubandakanyeka zako ezisemqoka yasungulwa ngo 1974 e Zurich, ngo-1992, wathunyelwa eMoscow. Mayelana-ke, singasho ukuthi lona ngowesifazane limnandi, ozinikezele ozikhandlayo waba umsizi futhi ngakwesokunene umbhali ophikisana nenqubo kahulumeni Aleksandra Isaevicha.

Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna: A Biography

Svetlov igama lakhe lokukhula, yena wazalwa ngoJulayi 22, 1939 eMoscow. ubaba wakhe Dmitri Ivanovich Velikogorodny (1904-1941 g). Yena wayengumbulali bomdabu laseStavropol abalimi kanye wazalelwa edolobhaneni Malaya Dzhalga. Khona-ke wafunda YaseMoscow Isikhungo Red uProfesa uMnyango kwezincwadi cwaningo zabo lapho sebephothulile. Ngo-1941 ukuthi unyamalele eduze Smolensk. umama uSolzhenitsyn kwakungu Catherine Ferdinandovna Svetlov (1919-2008 g), yena wazalwa eMoscow iziqu eMoscow Aviation Institute.

Umkhulu of Natal Dmitrievny Svetlov uFerdinand Yurevich (1884-1943 g) wayeyilungu Socialist Revolutionary Party bese wasebenza ephephandabeni "Izvestia". Kwaphela isigamu ngonyaka ngaphambi kokuba azalwe, waboshwa futhi kamuva wafela ku Gulag.

Usingababa D. K. Zhak (1903-1973 g) kusukela ngo-1949 ubelokhu izibalo imfundo Economist, wayengumuntu nombhali izihloko eziningana phezu ezimali kwezibalo. umfowabo omncane - imbongi Russian nawaseSoviet Veniamin Zhak.

Ngezemfundo namathuba emikhakha yemfundo

Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna iziqu eMoscow State University, Mechanics kanye ne-mathematics Faculty. Ngemva iziqu esikoleni wahlala ukusebenza endaweni yokucwaninga kwezibalo zezibalo.

Umyeni wakhe wokuqala kwaba Andrei Nikolaevich Tyurin, sezibalo esidumile kweSoviet futhi isiRashiya, nabo Natal Dmitrievny waba Dmitri indodana (1962-1994 g) ke manje ezikhulayo nomzukulu.

Umhlangano no-uSolzhenitsyn

Ngo-August 1968, Natalia wahlangana uSolzhenitsyn. Futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi waba unobhala wakhe, umhleli futhi umsizi kuzo zonke izindaba zakhe, futhi okubaluleke - umama ala madodana akhe amathathu emangalisayo Ermolai (1970), u-Ignatius (1972), uStepan (1973). umshado Esemthethweni baye ekhishwe ngo-1973.

Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna kwesokunxele nezingane ezine base-USSR ENtshonalanga ngemuva kokushona komyeni wakhe. Ngo-1976 umkhaya wabo wafike bancishwa izakhamuzi zase-USSR, okuyinto esetholakele kamuva kakhulu - ngo-1990. iminyaka 4 kuphela kamuva, ngokunembile ngo-1994, yena kanye Aleksandrom Solzhenitsynym futhi izingane ebuyela eRussia.

Ngo-2000, September 20, endlini zintathu Lykovo uSolzhenitsyn uhlangane noMengameli Putin nomkakhe ULyudmila.

Ngo-2009, Putin V., lapho yena wayengemuva esikhundleni sokuba undunankulu, waveza isifiso sawo sokuba ukukhuluma uSolzhenitsyn umndeni. Isihloko oyinhloko ingxoxo yabo kwaba isifundo yefa uSolzhenitsyn ezikoleni Russian.

Alexander uSolzhenitsyn

Ufuna biography Natal Dmitrievny, asikwazi ukugxila umyeni wakhe u-Alexander uSolzhenitsyn, owazalelwa e-Kislovodsk ngo-1918, ngo-December 11. Ngalesi sikhathi, uyise ufile, ngo-1924 umkhaya waya Rostov-on-Don. Lapho, ngo-1941, wathola imfundo yaseyunivesithi, kokuba watadisha umnyango physics kanye mathematics. Kodwa ngokushesha kuqala impi, uSolzhenitsyn luphumelele futhi emva esikoleni isikhulu wathunyelwa empini. Ngaphambi Victory Omkhulu uSolzhenitsyn waboshwa ngokuphawula anti-uStalin ezincwadini zakhe ukuthi ebhalela umngane wakhe N. Vitkevich. Alexander uSolzhenitsyn wayehlezi Lyubyanskoy futhi ejele Butyrka, wagwetshwa iminyaka engu-8 emakamu. Biography of uSolzhenitsyn sika akunakwenzeka ukuba afingqe ngamagama ambalwa, kwaba ubuntu interenaya kakhulu - Dostoevsky wethu wanamuhla, lapho abaningi isimo sengqondo kuyadida njengoba ukusika Iqiniso elimsulwa ngqo emehlweni.

ngendlela yokudala

Okuvelayo zokuphila ekamu iJerusalema Elisha, bese umsebenzi zeziboshwa eMoscow aba isisekelo umsebenzi wakhe tetemibhalo "The Republic of Labor" (1954). Ehlobo lika-1947 wathunyelwa Marfinskaya "sharashka", lapho kamuva wayeyoba ukuchaza ukuphila kwakhe inoveli yakhe "OwokuQala Circle". Ngo-1950, uSolzhenitsyn kuyinto ekamu Ekibastuz futhi kamuva idale izenzakalo endabeni "Ngolunye usuku Ivana Denisovicha." Ngo-1952, azibonayo isimila esinomdlavuza, futhi idlulisela ukusebenza ukuze uyisuse. Kusukela ngo-1953, uSolzhenitsyn ivuliwe badingiswa unomphela eKazakhstan, Zhambyl esifundeni, edolobhaneni Kok-Terek.

Ngo-1956 yena waba avuselelwa, waphindela eRussia futhi ugijimela uthisha zasemakhaya Ryazan. Impilo azichazayo emsebenzini "Matryona". Ngemva ncibilika Khrushchev sika ngokumelene uSolzhenitsyn ezikhulayo umzabalazo futhi. Ithuba ukusebenza futhi ephrintiwe cishe lapho, ngalesi sikhathi ukuba awabhale umsebenzi kuphela "Zakhar-Kalita". Triumph ukuxoxa inoveli yakhe "Umdlavuza Lesigceme" (1968) engalethi elamukelekile, ukuphrinta futhi ungavumeli.

Ngo-1968 eqeda umsebenzi yakhe ekhaliphile ku "The Gulag Archipelago", futhi ngemva umqulu wokuqala ngo-1974, Aleksandra Isaevicha waboshwa, zibancishe yisakhamuzi futhi wadingiselwa eJalimane. Kusuka lapho, kwalokho wathuthela eSwitzerland, ukuze Zurich. Ngo-1975 e-Stockholm Aleksandr Isaevich bathola uMklomelo KaNobel, futhi ngo-1976, ukukhonza e-US, Vermont. umsebenzi wakhe oyinhloko iba ukulotshwa amaqhawe "Red Wheel".

Ngemva kokuwa eU.SSR ngo-1994, wabuyela ezweni lakubo. Ngemva kokudlula ezikhungweni lonke lelo zwe, kusuka eMoscow kuya eMpumalanga Ekude, yena waba ngenkuthalo exhunywe ekuphileni komphakathi eRussia.

Aleksandr Isaevich uSolzhenitsyn washona ngo-August 3, 2008 at ngoZiqu-zintathu-imicibisholo. Isidumbu sakhe sangcwatshwa ku yamathuna ka Donskoy Monastery eMoscow.

Ngo-1992, uSolzhenitsyn nomkhaya wakhe wadutshulwa ifilimu emangalisayo nezingxenye ezimbili olunesihloko esithi "u-Alexander uSolzhenitsyn" Stanislav Govorukhin, abamvakashelayo e Vermont.

ignat

Omunye akufanele bayakhohlwa abantwana walo mbhangqwana emangalisayo. Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna Septhemba 23, 1972 eMoscow wabeletha indodana, ignat uSolzhenitsyn. Namuhla uyisikhonzi - isivele owaziwa wopiyano American kanye isiRashiya, umqhubi induna Philadelphia Chamber Orchestra (kusukela ngo-1998).

Umbono wokuqala kanye eziqine senziwa kuye symphony 5 Shostakovich sika, ekuzwa ngalo lapho engasekude futhi iminyaka engu-10. Ngemva kwalokho, wazizwa ukuthi unesifiso esinamandla ukuzibandakanya a umculo sina classical. Waqala ukufunda ngaphansi kokuqondisa Rudolf Serkin. Kamuva wafundiswa upiyano eLondon nge Marii Kurcho noGary Graffmana.

Namuhla uhlala eNew York futhi ehlanganyela yodumo umculo imikhosi, kuhlanganise "Disemba Nights" futhi "Mstislav Rostropovich". Ignat waklonyeliswa "Avery Fisher."

Mayelana nokuphila komkhaya uSolzhenitsyn wathwebula enye ibhayisikobho emangalisayo okuthiwa "uSolzhenitsyn. Ngesikhathi Reach wokugcina ", lapho ungabona, kokubili ehholo ekhonsathini" Meymandi "umculo Mozart kanye uBrahms, i-orchestra odlala ngaphansi kobuholi ignat uSolzhenitsyn.

Ermolai

Indodana endala Natalia Ermolai wazalwa ngo-1970. Wathweswa iziqu Harvard, wafunda e-Princeton iziqu futhi manje isebenza ngokuqinile Consulting of McKinsey, ngo-1998 - embonini yezimayini e EMEA (Europe, CIS, Afrika nase-Middle East). Ermolai futhi umholi womhlaba kontanga iqembu ukuze zithole amandla futhi izinto zokusetshenziswa kufakwe iqembu uchwepheshe for Logistics kanye nengqalasizinda yezokuthutha. USolzhenitsyn ngokukhethekile amaphrojekthi uwoyela negesi, ezokuthutha, isakhiwo umshini, izimayini kanye nezimboni Metallurgical, futhi kuthatha ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo ekuthuthukiseni izinhlelo zokwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda zasemadolobheni kanye izifunda lonke.

uStepan

Namuhla engu-12, uStepan uSolzhenitsyn uhlala e-Russia. Futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, sengathi yonke uSolzhenitsyn azizwa Russian.

UStepan, kakhulu, efana umfowabo Ermolai, iziqu Harvard kanye iziqu esikoleni futhi namuhla iyinhloko ehhovisi BaseMoscow McKinsey ezeluleka. Asingatha zonke umkhakha weze-energy eRussia, kuhlanganise ukuqapha umsebenzi "Rosatom", ngoba lokhu iyona nkampani ukuze kwakhiwe enuzi izitshalo amandla Finland "Hanhikivi".

isiphetho

Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna ngemva kokushona komyeni wakhe ngemisebenzi yakhe etemibhalo ukukhokhela ukulunga abantu futhi usiza bonke kwalabo abasinda izikhathi zosizi izikhathi ezinzima futhi abadinga usizo nokusekelwa.