Sakhiwo Market lwezezimali

Umqondo kanye nesakhiwo emakethe yezimali. Ngaphansi ezimakethe zezimali baqonde kwenkululeko ukubonakaliswa ubudlelwane emkhakheni yomnotho ezivukayo phakathi nabathengisi futhi abathengi abazoba imali kanye nemali, impahla utshalomali (njengoba yomculo imfundo efanele izimali), kanye mayelana nokubaluleka kwayo uqobo kanye nokusetshenziswa.

isakhiwo semakethe lwezezimali kunqunywa elandelayo, izingxenye zalo ephambili. Lokhu exchange, inhlokodolobha izibambiso (stock), imali (cash, imali izibambiso futhi imali nezinye izinhlobo). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwaba izimakethe negolide ezifakwa (ezifakwa) e ngamabhange.

Imakethe yezimali kuyinto lolungakahleleki nobe ihlelwe ezihlukahlukene kwezezimali yokuhweba uhlelo. Kuhlelo emakethe, imali exchange izinqubo zenzeka, abolekise kanye capital ukugqugquzela.

Iqhaza main kule makethe inikezwe izikhungo zezimali ukuthi bekwi isiqondiso imali ogeleza usuka zabanikazi ngoba ababoleka yesikhashana. indima Product imali ngokwayo futhi, ngaphezu, izibambiso.

Lwezezimali isakhiwo semakethe ephawula yesimo sezomnotho. Imiphumela Russian kwezimakethe ukuhlanganiswa ku kwamaZwe emkhakheni kwezimakethe bungabonakala okuhle nokubi. Phakathi yokugcina - a kwencika okuqinisekile isimo ezimakethe zomhlaba.

Izingxenye eziyisisekelo emakethe yezimali kuyinto imali emakethe futhi capital emakethe. Ngakho-ke, isakhiwo of emakethe yezimali siqala ngala izakhi saziso.

Kwimakethe siqukethe izimakethe lwemali, ezimali, interbank. Isici esikhethekile sale ingxenye of ubudlelwano zezimali ehilelekile kuba wesikhashana nje (enyakeni owodwa) sokubolekwayo.

Imali emakethe - indilinga olukhethekile emakethe ye naleyo ebolekisayo, esibonakala ngekuniketwa dolobha e esingedluli loan ngonyaka. Zisetshenziswa ikakhulukazi enkonzweni akulona main kanye kokusebenza. Kulesi emakethe, supply imali livela ifomu engaziwa lapho kusulwe yonke iminonjana ivelaphi.

Imakethe exchange angaphandle kudlala indima enkulu ekuqinisekiseni ukuxhumana kwezimakethe zezimali embulungeni yonke. Ngosizo ubudlelwano ayimisa phakathi abathengi kanye nabathengisi zezimali. Lezimpahla kulezi zici avele noma iziphi izimfuneko zezimali enzelwe e izimali zakwamanye amazwe. Abahlanganyeli - amabhange, abathuthi, zimali, izinkampani, ngabanye ., Njll Isakhiwo kwezimakethe uqokomisa indima ekhethekile yabaphathi.

Isaphulelo emakethe - ukuphinde sihambise izimali esifushane ngesimo imali phakathi credit izikhungo ngokusebenzisa ukuthengwa nokudayiswa izibambiso nge ukuvuthwa esiwunyaka owodwa. Imakethe esekelwe akhawunti emabhange kanye rediscounting imisebenzi.

Imakethe interbank - ubudlelwane ukuheha izinsiza okwesikhashana khulula of credit izikhungo ngesimo imali, okuyinto ezibekwe phakathi amabhange ngesimo imali yesikhathi esifushane.

Capital emakethe - iyona sphere of ubudlelwano ukuhweba, okuyinto turning a eside zokutshala imali. Lobu budlelwano nokwelukiweyo ukufunwa bofeleba netinhlavu nesiphakamiso. Ingqalasizinda ka emakethe yezimali uyazicabangela lento njengoba omunye ukhiye.

Emakethe dolobha izibambiso ngaphandle ukuvuthwa noma nge term ngaphezu konyaka owodwa. Le makethe idinga ukuthi ihlangabezane nezidingo izinhlangano ibhizinisi izimali eside isisekelo.

Ifomu ukunyakazisa naleyo ebolekisayo kuyinto loan. Imithombo dolobha abanjalo bangabaphostoli nokuphuma kwemali ukuthi kokudedelwa ngo inqubo ukukhiqizwa (izinkampani kucwila Isikhwama, ingxenye kokusebenza ngendlela imali, umholo, ukonga sabantu, ekuqongeleleni isimo, njll).

Loan emakethe has izixhumanisi ezimbili: uhlelo credit (esiphakathi nendawo kanye nesikhathi eside credits asebhange) kanye izibambiso emakethe.