Russophobia - Iyini? Ukulwisana Russophobia

Eminyakeni yamuva, ngenxa jikelele isimo esishubile sezombusazwe kuleliya zwe, ikakhulukazi ngokumelene isizinda insinuations ezihlukahlukene West maqondana eRussia, ngo abezindaba ehlukene, emilonyeni osopolitiki, abaculi kanye ngisho izakhamuzi ezivamile ngokuya uzwa igama elithi "Russophobia." Ukuze uzwisise kungaba omkhulu kangaka, kufanele uphendule kuqala umbuzo uyini Russophobia, definition nencazelo walesi term futhi abadinga sokuqonda.

Kuyini Russophobia futhi njengoba kwenzeka

Leli gama lisuselwa "brown ukukhanya" (ebhekisela Russian) futhi igama lesiGreki "Phobos" (yokwesaba), futhi libhekisela ukulahlwa, ubandlululo, ukusolana, ngokuvamile inzondo futhi uchuku lonke Russian neRussia ethile. Russophobia - lokhu ingenye yezindawo Ethno-kwabokufika (kusukela lesiGreki "ethnos." - "abantu"). Futhi ingenye kwabokufika (ngesiGreki "xenos" -. "Foreign"). Nokho, kuyinto Russophobia - yonke imibono yokungabi nandaba nge isakhiwo ayo, umqondo, ukuthuthukiswa indaba futhi kwezinye izimpawu, ukubona isici. ukwabelana wayo kuwufanele ngesikhathi aphansi futhi elite. Eyokuqala okukhulu, okusho ukuthi abantu abaphethe izwe ukwesaba iningi futhi udelela zonke Russian. Eyesibili zezombusazwe, livela echelons eliphakeme kwamandla abagijima lizwe futhi yakha isikhundla isimo sika enkundleni yomhlaba.

icala umlando

inkinga ibangelwa esikhathini esidlule ezijulile, okungenani ngekhulu XVI, lapho laseRussia aqala ukuvula ngokwaso ukuze baseYurophu. Abaningi kubo owayebonakala emkhulu zasendle Russian akwamukeleki, base becabanga amasiko indlela yokuphila abantu isiRashiya, abantu Russian babe engacabangeki engaqondakali. ERussia lezwakala ngokungafani Europe yabo evamile, futhi ngokuvamile abantu besaba ukuthi abaqondi. Lawa kwakungamadodana kuphela ekuqaleni Russophobia, ne-non-system uhlamvu. Ngenxa ukukhuthazwa asebenzayo of Russophobia yaqala ukusakaza basePoland Lithuanian ezizweni phakathi kwabo kanye State eMoscow zalwa umzabalazo okusebenzayo ezweni Rus. Libuye esinye sezizathu ayengaboni ngaso linye zenkolo. Ukuphela XVIII - Ekuqaleni kwekhulu XIX yisikhathi kumiswa Russophobia njengoba uhlelo. Wona kanye umqondo welithi yethulwa Fedor Ivanovich Tyutchev njengoba kuqhathaniswa pan-Slavism.

West njengoba umsunguli inkinga

Njengoba eya eYurophu, isibonelo, France Russophobia - phetho ukwehluleka yomkhankaso kaNapoleon. Kwakungenxa 1815, sekube ngenkuthalo ukusakaza ngamazwi ashiwo anti-Russian, njengoba amazwe aseYurophu bajwayele isiko nokuthuthuka kwazo kukhona inkomba. France wakwazi ukunqoba ezingaphezu kwesigamu e-Europe, bese egqilazwe ezinye zasendle futhi Russian sasendulo. Germany kusukela uHitler uhulumeni bakamalalahlengezela embozwe Russophobia, hhayi kuphela. "Russian kumelwe afe" - kwaba isiqubulo yamaNazi. Futhi nakuba kube iminyaka eminingi, kodwa Russophobia, kanye esezinzile umphakathi, kunzima kakhulu yokuqeda, ikakhulukazi njengoba i-United States iyaqhubeka ukuba ayilime, kokubili izwekazi yabo futhi lisakazeka ithonya layo eYurophu. Kakade-ke Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi i-United States Russophobia - akusiwona ukungasiqondi umphefumulo isiRashiya, futhi kucatshangwa amaqhinga Russia enyundelwe emehlweni omphakathi ngamazwe, njengoba lena usongo ngqo oda unipolar emhlabeni lapho sezisungule futhi asetshenziselwa. Okwamanje, i-US ngenkuthalo abeke Russophobia zezombusazwe emhlabeni wonke, kodwa iningi ngenkuthalo bayakwenza eYurophu nase ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union.

Ezwe elaliyi-USSR futhi isikhala post-Soviet

Kuyabonakala ngamazwi ashiwo anti-Russian kuvetwa eCzech Republic. Kukholakala ukuthi lokhu kuwumphumela ukucindezelwa nolaka zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa okubizwa ngokuthi "intwasahlobo yasePrague" ngasekupheleni kwawo-1960. Ubani liqala ukubusa, abahlanganyeli abaningi ngqo kulawo izenzakalo. EGeorgia, ngemva revolution umbala ngo 2003 kanye eza emandleni ukuphikiswa pro-US, kwakube nokusitheka isitatimende Russophobia, okuyinto vele zenzeka amabili eminyaka. EPoland, amakhulu amaningi eminyaka Russophobia - iyingxenye ngezombusazwe kanye nomphakathi. Mhlawumbe Poland ingenye emazweni ambalwa lapho ukuthambekela anti-Russian kuyovama zombili lezi zinhlobo - kokubili umphakathi kanye zezombusazwe. Ngemva kokuwa we-Union of iziphathimandla aseBaltic baye bamukela inqubomgomo ezinzima kakhulu Russophobic. abantu Russian kula mazwe ababebheka njengoba nekilasi lesibili. Gcwalisa indawo isiRashiya, ngokugcwele ukulahlwa yezenzo waseRussia, ngisho ukusekela kanye uzwela amaphekula phakathi nempi Chechen - lezi ezinye nje we izibonelo ezicacile zendlela ngokuvamile lathinta Inqubomgomo okwedlulele eLatvia, eLithuania nase-Estonia.

Russophobia e-Ukraine

Kuzo zonke republic post-Soviet ngemva kokuwa USSR waqala ngenkuthalo sihlakulele futhi ngivuselele ukwazi kazwelonke. Cishe wonke ama-republic zangaphambili wazama ukuqhela Russia. Kodwa e-Ukraine, le nqubo ubematasa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ke yashesha emva eza amandla Viktora Yuschenko. Nalapha futhi, njengoba kwaba njalo endabeni ka-Georgia, kwakungemva kokuba Orange Revolution, futhi nje liqala ukubusa, ukuphikiswa okuhloswe ngaso US nabaphikisi Russian. Umlando kabusha, eziqala Grand Duchy of eMoscow, i-Ukraine ukuyiveza awful Russian. On umlando amagugu eguquliwe futhi spoofed isizukulwane yonke Russophobia. I yalokhu kwaba Maidan futhi Icebo lika olunegazi ekuqaleni kuka 2014. Ngokuqondene nalokhu esiyingqopha-mlando - ukubuya eCrimea eRussia. Kodwa ezindaweni ezimbili Donbass yafuna Kiev federalization futhi elalizimise i-republic. Kusukela leli phuzu e-Ukraine ukuba nesimo sengqondo Russian is hhayi nje spoilt kwabo bonke, bamzonda, Russia abasolwa kuhlaselwa iyizwe elizimele. Ezweni ukuthi wanqoba wobushiqela, yena lavuselelwa. Rusofobstvo enyukela ezingeni ngezinhlanga nokuqhosha ngohlanga. Lokhu kwenzeka naphezu kokuba iqiniso ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kwengxenye yezwe ukhuluma isiRashiya, futhi mayelana 25% izakhamuzi bazibheke Russian. umthelela omkhulu ukwazi abantu abe abezindaba ukuthi ukubeka Russia njengoba umhlaseli, ukuthuthukisa ukuzonda konke Russian.

Isitha ngaphakathi ezweni

Ngeshwa, inkinga futhi kwenzeka eRussia, kanye nezimpande zaso iya emuva ezikhathini zangaphambi wamavukelambuso. Ngisho nangekhulu XIX, inani elikhulu Russian abaqavile emphakathini kanye nezazi-Russian kwahluka ngamazwi ashiwo Russophobic babegxile eYurophu nase ngawuzonda wonke Russian ngempela. Esikhathini isimo wamanje okuthiwa Russian elite Russophobic ebizwa nge "lomshoshaphansi." Ngeshwa, "lomshoshaphansi" lusekelwe ngokujulile emphakathini, kokubili wezombangazwe nasekuphileni okuvamile yezwe.

Indlela yokubhekana

Against ngaphansi kwesimo lonke yokushisekela izwe intshiseko ekulweni Russophobia kube isici esivelele kakhulu ezikhathini zamuva. Futhi kuwo wonke amazinga: ngaphakathi ezweni kanye esikhaleni emhlabeni. Yalahla iRussia manje ngaphansi ezinzima kakhulu ulwazi impi. Ngenxa yokuthi abantu isiRashiya, ngisho nendlela yabo yokuphila namasiko namanje kuhlale kuyimfihlakalo izifiki, kubalulekile ukuxhumana zamasiko. Uyadinga lingambozwa kusuka kwamanye amazwe namasiko, futhi ukuqhuba imisebenzi zemfundo okungukuthi, befika neqiniso elikhulula mayelana nohlobo Russian futhi ezweni labo ukuze nabantu abavamile bakwa-kwamanye amazwe. Ngenxa esibucayi e-Ukraine siphuthuma ikakhulukazi ukubika iqiniso ngalokho okwenzeka, elihlukanisa amanga abezindaba Western mayelana ubudlova Russian. Ngenxa zokucwasa Western ejulile, kunenkolelo yokuthi Russophobia unqobe ngokugcwele cishe akunakwenzeka, kodwa kuyafaneleka ukufunda Dynamics yayo futhi ukusungula izindlela kwethonya indlela abukeka ngayo.