Relief namaminerali eNingizimu Melika. Lolu cwaningo zaleli zwekazi

Abathandwayo ngokwanele ukuhlola ezwekazini kuyinto eNingizimu Melika. Relief, amaminerali kanye ikakhulukazi izwekazi uzobe okuxoxwe ngazo kulesi sihloko.

izici impumuzo

Isici esikhethekile ngempumuzo Ningizimu Melika kuyinto ocacile zaleli zwekazi libe izingxenye ezimbili: empumalanga namaphakathi - emathafeni omkhulu, futhi enyakatho nasentshonalanga - isikhathi eside uhlelo entabeni emhlabeni, Andes (South America Cordillera). Ngesikhathi enkabeni yaleli zwekazi amanga platform South America. Kube kushintshana Amagquma emikhombeni evelayo phezu njengezwe eliphansi, Amathafa nezigodi.

Inyakatho-ingxenye yaso esentshonalanga nezwekazi

Impumuzo namaminerali eNingizimu Melika abasakwazi ezihlukahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, Andes uhlelo entabeni elise ngasogwini Pacific zaleli zwekazi. Kuthatha amakhilomitha angaba 9000. Yawo yokuvelela le ntaba yesibili kuphela zaseHimalaya. Bangaphezu kuka-20 iphakama ziphakeme kunezindlela 6000 m ezintabeni ze-Andes -. Ezintabeni Pretty, bazisiza kwamiswa ngesikhathi Kuhlanganiswe wasolwandle kanye nasemazweni lithosphere amapuleti. Kwaphoqa phansi ipuleti wasolwandle wakhala ezwekazini. Taba namanje "ezikhulayo". Ubufakazi lena indawo ukugadlwa ukuzamazama komhlaba asebenzayo: ezisentshonalanga nezwekazi kukhona ukuzamazama komhlaba sasivumela njalo nokuqhuma kwezintabamlilo. Inani labantu base-Ezweni laseNingizimu Melika usamkhumbula ukubhujiswa ezinyantisayo nokuqhuma kwezintabamlilo. Kukhona futhi mlilo enkulu kunazo zonke yokuqothulwa emhlabeni: llullaillaco, Cotopaxi, Chimborazo, San Pedro. ukuphakama layo lidlula uphawu 5000 m.

Ingxenye nempumalanga ye-South America

Highlands Guiana itholakala engxenyeni ephakathi ye zwekazi. Esikhathini ntshonalanga ke ozimele Brazilian Highlands, futhi empumalanga - the toothfish. Relief Guiana futhi ithafa Brazilian imelelwa plinth elingenalutho kanye namafomu mihlobiso, nge vertices encomekayo 1600-1750 m. Esikhathini imingcele abekelwe emaceleni amafomu impumuzo zibukeka konusopodobnye isihlabathi phezulu noma emikhulu.

onqenqemeni zaseMpumalanga ithafa Brazil sehlukaniswe afanayo olulodwa. Lapha liphinyiselwe kwetinhlobo letikhetsekile yeziqongo. Kuleli ithafa ume emathafeni monoclinic, accumulative futhi wakubo. Kukhona lava ithafa. Isibonelo edume kunazo impumuzo - Mount Pan Ushukela Loaf Intaba, esemgwaqweni eRio de Janeiro.

Ithafa toothfish ethulwa ithafa mlilo. Relief namaminerali eNingizimu Melika libhekene moraine namanzi-glacial imali. Futhi kule ndawo tekuhlangani yasethafeni, nasemathafeni kungabonakala usike emfuleni zigodi ezijulile. Lezi ukusakaza zivela ezintabeni.

Amazon Izimfunda ezingasogwini - omunye emathafeni ngobukhulu ongaphakeme planethi. Iningi izimbuku ezisezansi, ezingaphezu kuka-5000 square metres. km.

nokwakheka

Isakhiwo Geological zaleli zwekazi inezigaba ezimbili kwesakhiwo - yesikhulumi kanye naseNingizimu Melika Ukhahlamba, okuyinto kakhulu kuthinta landscape kanye nemithombo yemvelo eNingizimu Melika. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu projection kwesisekelo: Guiana, Zapadnobrazilsky, izihlangu Vostochnobrazilsky. Basuke kwakhiwa futhi uye wakwenza ngokuzimisela zikhubazekile metamorphic yamadwala nasemigodini Archean Proterozoic futhi Proterozoic granites. Amazon emathafeni yakhiwa ngasekupheleni Precambrian. Omncane izwekazi isisekelo site - ipuleti toothfish. Ivelele njengendlela iyunithi ahlukene kwesakhiwo, esakhiwa amaphromoshini ezimbili: ukusuka enyakatho uye eningizimu.

Mineral ezifakwa eNingizimu Melika

Izwekazi i-Ningizimu Melika - izwekazi okungukuthi zinothile zonke izinhlobo namaminerali. Indawo yabo incike uhlobo isimo sezwe. Imali elikhulu nsimbi amaplanethi bagxila kule ndawo lendawo. Isigodi soMfula i-. Orinoco (indawo waseVenezuela), Minas Gerais (Brazil State) - emkhakheni ngobukhulu, okuyinto misela ore namaminerali yeNingizimu Melika.

Deflections Andes uhlelo entabeni angazamukela agcina amafutha kanye negesi. Imali ngobukhulu tibheke eVenezuela. Ngokumelene zasemuva zezinye izinhlelo ezifakwa ovelele futhi lignite namalahle. Ngenxa a abasha weathering uqweqwe akhiwa ezifakwa manganese futhi bauxite. The main ingxenye bagxila emazweni eGuyana, Suriname. Ogwini olusentshonalanga ye-izwekazi bezazisa supply cishe ongashi nitrate (isetshenziswa ukwenziwa nitrogen umquba). ithini inothile tibheke eBolivia.

Kodwa iningi amaminerali itholakala foothill futhi entabeni izindawo zase-Andes. Kule ndawo, i-tungsten yafakwa amabhomu agqitshwayo, phambili, i-zinc, i-aluminiyamu emkhandweni wensimbi. States yeNingizimu Melika ngokuthi "ezweni namatshe ayigugu", ngoba lokhu lapho kukhona ezifakwa of amatshe ayigugu - isiliva, igolide ne-platinum, futhi-ke, namatshe ayigugu; emeralds, amadayimane kanye nezinye, ezisetshenziswa ubucwebe.

Ngakho, singakwazi ukuthatha isitokwe. Ngemva kokubukeza ulwazi oluqukethwe isihloko, umfundi ngamunye uzokwazi ukuba amphuzise umbiko eningiliziwe 'Uyosisiza Futhi namaminerali eNingizimu Melika. "