Railways of Germany: ubude, amakilasi isitimela

Railways of Germany ezibhekwa omunye the ningi NEMPUMELELO NGAPHAKATHI ezokuthutha zomphakathi izinhlelo, hhayi kuphela e-Europe kodwa futhi emhlabeni. Ngakho-ke, ukuhamba ezitimeleni German okusheshayo akuzona kuphela, kodwa futhi ukhululekile. Kodwa-ke, ngakho ukusebenza kahle kuwufanele imali. Nakuba izivakashi abafundile, usebenzisa ezihlukahlukene izaphulelo kanye yamanani, ke angahamba azungeze izwe impela isabelomali. Manje sizokwenza ngikuxoxele kanjani ukuthuthwa ujantshi kuleli zwe. Uyofunda indlela yokuya e-Germany ngisho phesheya ukuqeqesha ngendlela yokuthi kwakungeyona ezibizayo kakhulu ephaketheni lakho.

Germany: wojantshi

Isitimela sokuqala kuleli zwe uvele ayizinkulungwane ngonyaka ayisishiyagalombili namashumi amathathu nanhlanu. Labe wavula wesitimela isixhumanisi phakathi emizini eNuremberg futhi Fyurtsem. Wayeneminyaka engamashumi amabili nanhlanu ukumboza amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili wesitimela. Ngo-1925, lapho abangu ngcono umusi izinjini, futhi irekhodi ijubane setha ngo-1936 ngesitimela isiJalimane, okokuqala ifinyelele amakhilomitha angamakhulu amabili ngehora emhlabeni. ngaphezulu ibha okusezingeni eliphezulu sathathwa ngo-1988. izitimela kokulinganisa "kwamadolobha" yabonisa ukuthi kungenzeka amakhilomitha amane ngehora. Umqondo usebenzisa amandla kagesi ezokuthutha, futhi, kungokwalabo German - Werner Siemens. Waqhubeka wakha futhi ukuhlolwa endaweni eduze Berlin. Ugesi nojantshi imigwaqo laseJalimane owaqala ekhulwini nesishiyagalolunye, futhi baqhubeka ngemva kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Ngemva ngokuhlanganisa zonke nojantshi eJalimane steel basonta ayitholwa isimo enesihloko esithi "Deutsche Bahn". Izwe eliphathelene komzila nalabo lithi kufanele ithrekhi ububanzi efanayo. Lena eFrance, eSwitzerland, Poland, Czech Republic, e-Austria, eDenmark, iLuxembourg, iNetherlands kanye Belgium. Kuze kube manje, ubude nojantshi eJalimane amakhilomitha amane nambili namakhulu. Lena ingxenye yesithupha emhlabeni ngokuya obuphelele. Gesi amakhilomitha acishe abe yizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili.

iziteshi

Kusukela iziteshi kokuqala noma imuphi umsebenzi uhambo ngesitimela. Uma amadolobhana amancane nasemadolobheni, njengoba umthetho, kukhona esiteshini eyodwa kuphela, emadolobheni amakhulu eziningana. Ngokushesha uyaqaphela ukuthi phambi kwakho - esiteshini esikhulu, lapho ufunda igama "Hoptbanhof". iziteshi sesitimela e Germany ikakhulukazi ifakwe into edingekayo isihambi. Ngisho ngesikhathi iziteshi ezincane abe cafe noma Bistro, emahhovisi amathikithi noma imishini, sibonise uhlelo bese izikhombo indlela leya amathrekhi. Ngisho noma kungekho esiteshini zasendlini, siyohlale amabhentshi ukhululekile ingilazi izindonga ukuthi ukuvikela umoya. Ngezinye iziteshi kakhulu amadivayisi abantu abakhubazekile kanye nezinqolobane zommbila. Iziteshi Major - lokhu lonke mini-amadolobha. Ngokungafani iziteshi ezincane abasebenza ubusuku nemini, futhi kukhona amathilomu eziningi zokudla kanye zezitolo futhi boutiques. Kwezinye iziteshi inethiwekhi evulekile ezifana "Lidl 'esitolo. isitoreji Impahla ivuliwe iziteshi kakhulu ezweni. Izivakashi uncamela othomathikhi, ngoba elula kakhudlwana futhi singabizi.

izinhlobo izitimela

Wonke umuntu kumele bazi enqamula eJalimane bese ukhetha imigomo yayo ehambisana futhi yokugibela isabelomali. Ngokuvamile, izitimela German zihlukaniswe amaqembu amabili amakhulu. Sithanda ukubabiza wesitimela eduze nakude elandelayo. Nokho bebizwa ngokushesha (isiqu) zesifunda. Lo mqeqeshi owake wapheka ngokuvamile mhlophe, kanti eyesibili - bomvu. Kodwa kunokuningi okungakhulunywanga ngakho. Kodwa-ke uhlelo nzima. Emkhakheni we "ngesivinini isitimela 'bayawa' kwamadolobha Express", kanye IC noma EU. Bathandana nalo babuye bathandane ngaphakathi ezweni nasemazweni aphesheya. Kukhona futhi izitimela ubusuku silele embhedeni-izindawo. izitimela Regional - izitimela nozakwethu, ne umehluko ukuthi zingabantu Ukugibela ngokungenamkhawulo ihlanzekile futhi bekhululeke kakhudlwana ngesivinini hhayi ngaphansi kwezinkulungwane eziyikhulu amakhilomitha ngehora. Suburban ngokuvamile sithathelwe indawo kamasipala kanye tram. Ukubhema akuvumelekile izitimela anoma yiluphi uhlobo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso iminyaka eminingi.

esheshayo

Izincwajana zemininingwane ICE (eJalimane), noma "kwamadolobha Express", ubhekwa okusezingeni eliphezulu, ukufinyelela amakhilomitha angamakhulu amathathu ngehora. Wenza namalungiselelo inombolo okungenani izitobhi. esitimela bayo ufana inhlamvu zesiliva. Kodwa kaningi, ngokomthetho ijubane isitimela akuyona ezahlukene kakhulu kusuka kwenye isiqu. "Kwamadolobha" ezinhle ukusebenzisa uma unqobe ibanga amakhilomitha ayisihlanu noma ayisithupha, isibonelo, bebesuka Cologne ukuba Berlin noma Munich. Ngakho akukhona nje wena ugcine ihora nesigamu, kodwa musa uqondise, ayinakugwenywa nezinye izinhlobo izitimela. Babuye zihlukaniswa kusezingeni anda wenduduzo. Kukhona izitimela enjalo ngokuvamile ntambama. Isikhathi sokuhamba ongaqhathaniswa ukunyakaza emotweni, kodwa kuyoba ukhululekile okuningi!

ICE izinqola

Lapha, konke kucatshangwa phandle kube lula abagibeli. Class enqoleni ku "kwamadolobha Express" kuboniswa inqwaba grey. Ikamelo isendaweni ibhodi electronic eduze umnyango. Uma ulapho ungabona futhi umzila oluhamba isitimela sejubane elisheshayo. By endleleni, uqaphele uma kokufika. Ngokuvamile ukwakheka ihlukaniswe ezimbili, futhi omunye uhhafu kungathatha indawo ehlukile ngokuphelele. Iminyango ukuvala ngokuzenzakalelayo. zihlalo esiqokiwe. Esikhathini isigaba sesibili ngokuvamile amabili kwezihlalo abhanqiwe. Phakathi kwabo - ukudlula. Maphakathi imoto kukhona izihlalo ezimbalwa eduze komunye nomunye. isihlalo ngasinye has a ithebula. Ngezansi iwindi - esokhethini okwesikhathi laptop. Kwamanye izitimela egijima vayfay. Ingalo kwesitulo has a Jack embobeni ukulalela umsakazo. Imithwalo zingafakwa emashalofini ngaphezu kwezihlalo, futhi amagumbi ekhethekile. Ezinye izimoto abe Coupe eziyisithupha enezihlalo. IBhodi okuboniswe ukuphela, isitimela ihamba namanye isivinini. Izimoto ngokuvamile uphawu futhi ithrekhi jointless, ngakho umsindo akuyona ezwakalayo.

Okunye isitimela main

Phakathi emadolobheni amakhulu e-Germany ukuya okuthiwa "kwamadolobha". Lokhu kwaba ukuqala kuyinto isitimela njalo ngokushesha. Akasenalo ifana "isikhala" ngokuthi "kwamadolobha Express". Izindawo sedentary kakhulu. Iningi amatafula nezinyawo. Ngezinye izikhathi yonke isitimela ezimbili eziyishumi-Coupe. Uma ushayela sengathi ngokushesha kwamanye amazwe, ke uyoba CE marking. Ngokuvamile, uyakwazi ukubona abagibeli lokuthatha izinto zabo eziseduze izindawo. Kuyisiko German. Okutholakalayo endaweni kuphela ngesicelo abanye abagibeli. Omunye izimoto - lena yokudlela. It ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezimbili. Eyokuqala wabo - ngogodo namathebula okusezingeni eliphezulu - ungakwazi ukujabulela itiye, ikhofi noma ubhiya. Owesibili yokudlela sangempela oweta, imenyu kanye namadivayisi amahle kwendwangu yetafula. izitimela Night abizwa ngokuthi "SitiNaytLayn". Kukhona gumbi nge embhedeni-izindawo lapho ikhishwa namashidi abanye. Ngokuvamile ezihlobene megacities. Uma lezi izitimela lihamba phakathi izihloko European futhi emadolobheni amakhulu, bona lapho zibizwa 'EvroNayt ".

Regional kanye suburban izitimela

Ngu lolu hlobo izitimela akuzona kuphela umugqa zomphakathi kodwa futhi yangasese. Ngokuvamile baya ibanga amakhilomitha ayikhulu noma amabili. Regional express izitimela ukwenza izitobhi emadolobheni amakhulu. ojantshi German babe izinhlobo olukhethekile lolu hlobo izitimela akuzona imizila ethile. Abizwa inter-zesifunda express izitimela. Kukhona izitimela ezenza izitobhi njalo. Zibizwa ngokuthi nje lesifunda. Suburban ngemoto efanayo olunceleka uhlelo ujantshi - lena "S-Bahn" noma "Stadt-ban". Lezi izitimela ngokuvamile idlule emadolobheni amakhulu kanye / noma ukuxhuma emadolobheni angomakhelwane. Bayingxenye inethiwekhi ezokuthutha wendawo. Lezi izitimela ukusebenzisa imigudu (esikhundleni esitimeleni), futhi phansi imigqa (trams). Zingasetshenziswa ukuhamba phakathi komuzi nasezindaweni ezizungezile.

Yiziphi yamanani ngoba izitimela okusheshayo

Railways of Germany lapho uqala nje ukubona abasakwazi kudida ithikithi uhlelo. Nokho, uma uqonda ke, ungathola bazuze kakhulu futhi bazuzise. Kukhona le okuthiwa base izinga. Amanani, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, bite. Uma ufuna ukuya ngesilinganiso ezinjalo Berlin, isibonelo, Dortmund, uzokhokhela mayelana ayisishiyagalolunye euro angu abavamile isitimela express. Futhi "kwamadolobha Express" izobiza ngisho namashumi. Ukuvakashela Dresden kusukela enhlokodolobha German izobiza ngengxenye yentengo. Uhlelo esifanayo sisebenza ngesitimela sasebusuku. Kodwa ibiza kakhulu. Uma ukuhamba kusukela Berlin eMunich imele izinga eyisisekelo kancane kuka ziyikhulu namashumi ayisihlanu euro, ebusuku baveze intengo uyovuka ukuze engamakhulu amabili noma ngisho anamakhulu mathathu. Izitimela okusheshayo kungaba (futhi ngezinye izikhathi kudingekile) ukubhuka indawo - ewindini noma yezinto. Kodwa kaningi ngaphezu ukuthenga idokhumenti travel. Ngaphandle ukubhuka izindawo uhlale kunoma iyiphi izihlalo lutho e namakalishi nekilasi lesibili. Uma kungekho izihlalo khulula, ungaba egumeni noma yokudlela.

izaphulelo

Yize kunjalo, uma ukuthenga amathikithi kusenesikhathi, ungathola ukuthi amanani aphansi, okubizwa ngokuthi shparprays. Khona-ke ungakwazi ukuya Dortmund efanayo futhi euro amane. Futhi uma ibanga ikhambo lakho akuyona amakhilomitha angaphezu kuka amabili namashumi amahlanu, bese ungazama ukuthenga amathikithi for 25 futhi 19 Je Nokho, inani labo lincane, futhi ukubamba, sidinga isabelo fair inhlanhla. Kwamanye izitimela, ukweqa lonke lelo zwe, ungakwazi ukuthenga ithikithi at isaphulelo of euro engamashumi amabili nesishiyagalolunye. Kodwa buyela kuzoba cishe akunakwenzeka, uma uhambo ngeke aphumelele. Ufuna udabula eJalimane induduzo, kodwa hhayi ngentengo emba eqolo? Ukuze sikusize - konke okufanayo shparprays uhlelo. Unqambothi ukuthutha (ngempela, ngokunethezeka, wayehlezi-ke efana indiza) izobiza ubuncane euro angamashumi amabili nesishiyagalolunye namashekeli olude - 39. Intengo izitimela ebusuku ngoba yokubhuka ekuqaleni, futhi, angase awele izikhathi ezimbili noma ezintathu.

amathikithi Iqembu emizileni lesifunda

EJalimane ngesitimela futhi ukuhamba elishibhile. salokhu nje udinga ukukhetha amathikithi akhethekile ehlisiwe yesifunda izitimela. Kodwa amathuba anjalo wavula isisindo. Ngokwesibonelo, akukho ithikithi umkhawulo, ngawo ungakwazi ukugibela on ensimini of lonke izwe kusukela ayisishiyagalolunye ekuseni kuze kuyoba phakathi kwamabili ngosuku olufanayo ezitimeleni lesifunda (ama-ambulensi ngaphandle). Kubiza amane nane euro umuntu ngamunye. Waze unegama "ezweni lonke kusukela komunye umkhawulo kuya ekupheleni." Kodwa amathikithi enjalo kungcono ukuya nge - abantu ngaphezulu (kuze emihlanu), ngcono. Ukuze umgibeli ngamunye ezengeziwe ukhokha euro eziyisishiyagalombili. Ngenxa yalokho, umkhaya omkhulu noma iqembu labantu abahlanu angahamba ezweni lonke emini nje euro ayisikhombisa nesithupha.

amathuba Ngisho kangcono elinjalo travel Railways eJalimane ngezimpelasonto. ithikithi Impelasonto has izinzuzo ezifanayo njengoba angenamkhawulo, kodwa usebenza kusukela phakathi kwamabili kuya ngehora lesithathu ekuseni ngosuku olulandelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, 40 ezigedekako Euro eyodwa umgibeli, futhi ngamunye okwalandela (kufika ku emihlanu) okhokhela 4 Je Lezinhlobo amathikithi akuzona izitimela kuphela, kodwa futhi on izithuthi zomphakathi, kanye amabhasi lesifunda kuphi eJalimane.

I federal isiphakamiso

Akukhona nje lonke kungenzeka ezitimela iqembu. Germany iyaziwa ihlukaniswe uthi federal, futhi ngamunye wabo ohlelweni lwaso izaphulelo uma uvakashela esifundeni. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Rhineland-Palatinate ithikithi lesifunda izobiza amabili nane euro umuntu ngamunye. On ngamunye umgibeli ezilandelayo (kufika ku emihlanu), intengo kuzokwanda 5 Je Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngale ndlela ungakwazi ukugibela hhayi kuphela ezweni federal, kodwa futhi ezindaweni ezingomakhelwane - kuze kufinyelele Meinheim futhi Karlsruhe eningizimu Limburg futhi Wiesbaden empumalanga kuya enyakatho Bonn - ngisho ukufinyelela Ngasemdeni ke ka-kathi kwale mizi emibili French. Futhi uma ukhokha ngaphezu ithikithi ngisho eziyisithupha euro, uthola ithuba ukugibela Lyuksemurg. Lokhu isaphulelo isebenza ngezinsuku zeviki kusukela eziyisishiyagalolunye kuya phakathi kwamabili, futhi ngezimpelasonto - kusukela phakathi kwamabili kuya lesithathu ngakusasa. Futhi kusukela Nordrhein-Westfalen Amathikithi lesifunda Ungashayela ku eHolland emuva. Intengo Ezazimzungezile - ayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili nesithupha euro umgibeli wokuqala. Futhi nge "ithikithi Bavarian 'bagibele ngisho e-Austria. Ukuhamba kusuka Munich ukuba Salzburg futhi emuva kungenzeka ngoba amabili nane euro. Kukhona futhi amathikithi ebusuku. Bavumela wena ukuthuthela endaweni isenzo phakathi 18,00 futhi ngehora lesithupha ekuseni.

Kuphi ukuthenga amathikithi

EJalimane, lokhu kungenziwa ngezindlela eziningana. Ungakwazi umane yiya ku-Cashier esiteshini sesitimela ( "Rayzentsentrum"). The main ezitimela ngo ingcosana ungakwazi ukuthenga isilawuli (kodwa ngesilinganiso esigcwele ngaphandle izaphulelo). Esikhathini lesifunda izitimela kungcono hhayi ukwenza kanjalo. Uma uthola ukuthi wena ngaphandle ithikithi, wena bazohlawuliswa kanzima. Emacaleni angakajayeleki kudingeka ukuthola isilawuli ziyitshela ukuthi akukho abebengakwenza ukuze ukuthenga idokhumenti travel. Ungakwazi namanje ukusizakala okuthuthukile kwe-inthanethi ukubhuka uhlelo eYurophu - "Doycheban" indawo. Kwaba kukhona ukuthi inzuzo ukuthenga amathikithi ehlisiwe "Shparprays". Kodwa kungcono ukubhalisa ohlelweni. Ezithengiwe ithikithi inthanethi owaphrinte ku iphrinta. Futhi singubani kuyodingeka ubonise umhloli. Uma kungenjalo ababhalisiwe ohlelweni, ukuthenga ithikithi omunye ngeke zisebenze. Kulokhu kuzodingeka ukukhombisa isilawuli namanje futhi ikhadi lesikweletu ngawo walithenga.

imishini

Kodwa kukhona indlela elula nengabizi ukwenza kuhambeke izitimela German. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuthenga amathikithi kusuka umshini esiteshini. Kukhona ungakwazi ukuthenga amathikithi at isaphulelo, futhi zesifunda, kodwa namanje hhayi kuphela nge-credit card, njengoba amazwe amaningi aseYurophu, futhi imali, okuyinto evame elula abantu bakwamanye amazwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthenga ithikithi e umshini, wena ekhokhela euro ezimbili noma ezinhlanu esingaphansi ehhovisi ibhokisi. Into esemqoka - kungukuqonda nokuthi basebenzisa ziphi izindlela. Kodwa ke ngokushesha uzizwe izinzuzo zayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ebusuku noma ngesikhathi amathikithi encane esiteshini kungenziwa kuphela wathenga emishinini yokuthenga. Avame Six-ilimi. Ibhonasi wukuthi ungakwazi ukukhetha ukuthi indlela engcono kakhulu, futhi ukhululekile uyiphrintele e emshinini efanayo.

Amakhadi Isaphulelo nokuvakasha

Ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi nge uhambo njalo futhi njalo inzuzo ukuthenga amadili ekhethekile "DoycheBan". Lezi amakhadi 25, 50 noma 100 Izinombolo ukhombise Isaphulelo amaphesenti off intengo evamile ithikithi. Ngokwesibonelo, uma izindleko uhambo lingaphezu kwama-euro eziyishumi, nge 25 ikhadi ukhokha eyisikhombisa nengxenye, nge BahnCard 50 - eziyisihlanu, futhi 100 - ungakwazi ukushayela yonkana eJalimane ngaphandle ithikithi. Ikhadi isebenza unyaka owodwa ziyakuhlushwa kubhaliswe. Abakwazi ukusebenzisa umuntu oyedwa kuphela - okunguye okhipha idokhumenti. Ikhadi 100 eqolo futhi kukhona euro okungenani anamane amawaka. Kodwa ukuhlanganisa BahnCard izaphulelo kanye amathikithi ngempelasonto noma lesifunda engenakwenzeka. Ukuthengwa leli khadi kunengqondo, uma izindleko isamba ithikithi lakho ngaphandle Isaphulelo zamaRandi ambalwa izinyanga eziyishumi nambili. Kukhona travel pan-European, okuthiwa "InterRail". Yisebenzise ukuhamba badabula leyo ndawo Germany, kancane ezibizayo, kodwa uma uhlela ukuya kwamanye amazwe, noma baye basebenzisa wesitimela, kungase ezikufanelayo.