Pushkin Aphathimenti Museum of NJENGOBA phezu Moika (Petersburg)

Mhlawumbe hhayi umuntu othile waya Petersburg ngeke wavakashela endlini №12 phezu Moika. Waba yokuphumula endaweni yokugcina umbhali omkhulu Pushkina A. S. Pushkin Aphathimenti Museum - iyingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi Zonke isiRashiya iminyuziyamu anikelwe nokuphila kanye nomsebenzi imbongi omkhulu. Kukhona amafulethi eziningana ezifanayo, ngayinye yaba - kuyifa abantu Russian. Kodwa ngokuqondile Aphathimenti Museum A. S. Pushkina phezu Moika ikhanga izivakashi. Lapha ayihlala ezinsukwini zokugcina zokuphila, futhi kulapha oluhlanganisa abantu ndawonye bodumo abahlonipha inkumbulo indoda enkulu.

amakhasi omlando

Aphathimenti Museum phezu Moika - lena esakhiweni esidala kakhulu. Le ndlu yakhiwe ngemuva ngenkathi uCatherine. Umakhi kwalesi sakhiwo wayengumJuda Dzhuzeppe Trizini. Kusukela 1727 endlini kwakungekaNkulunkulu Baron I. A. Cherkasovu. Abanikazi baguqulelwa njalo, kakhulu isakhiwo waba kabusha kambalwa. Ngo 1806, i-Moika ixazululwe Prince Volkonsky. Pushkin Angikaze ekhaya, ikakhulukazi inhlokodolobha. It ayenamandla okukwenza kuphela Petersburgers ocebile kakhulu.

Kodwa nomaphi lapho imbongi akuyona ukuqasha ifulethi, kuba njalo uhambisane isimo sayo njengomholi indoda enkulu. Ubufakazi lena Museum-efulethini Pushkin, izithombe zazo kukhonjisiwe ngezansi.

Ukuphila imbongi Petersburg

A. S. Pushkina is kakhulu ahlanganiswe Petersburg. Yena eneminyaka engu-12 ubudala wafika lapha, yena nomalume wakhe. Lapho ayehlala khona kuze kube sekupheleni the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. Moika wahlangana nabantu ayephila nabo. Pushkin Aphathimenti Museum phezu Moika useduze Winter Palace. Lokhu kwavumela Aleksandru Sergeevichu nsuku zonke umnumzana inkonzo igumbi lokulala. Ngakho-ke, ngo-September 1896, lo mndeni Pushkin ukuqasha ifulethi Petersburg ekhelini - Sink 12 ngakho hlelani ukuphila lapha iminyaka engu 2-3. Kodwa ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa Pushkin walinyazwa endaweni Duel. Ngo-1837, ngo-January 29, ngakho ayizange.

Pushkin kafushane ababehlala endlini kwi Moika, kodwa endaweni sesiye saziwa kulo lonke elaseRussia. Nokho, lokhu indlu yaba Museum ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngo-1910 inxuluma lavuselelwa ngaphansi kwendlu efulethini. Kodwa emva kwempi, kwakunabamemezeli amafulethi ngokuhlanganyela. Kuphela ngo-1924, umbuthano Pushkin sika umphakathi "Old Petersburg" wathenga ukuthi ingxenye yendlu ayephila kuso futhi wasebenza Alexander. Saqala umsebenzi kunzima kakhulu kabusha izakhiwo, ukuqoqa izinto ngemva kokufa imbongi banikwa. Imithombo of kabusha zazihlukile: izinhlamvu nezihlobo, nabangane izinkumbulo ababephila ngesikhathi imbongi sika. Usizo olukhulu kwaba incwadi kuyise V A. Zhukovskogo Pushkin, lapho uhlelo kwachazwa efulethini imbongi sika.

Ukuguqulwa efulethini ibe Museum

Ngo-1925 (February 10), ehhovisi imbongi ibuyiselwe, kwakukhona umhlangano elizinikele onyakeni wokuqala ukufa A. S. Pushkina. Kodwa iningi umsebenzi ezinkulu sokubuyiselwa waqala ngo-1937. Bakhandwa siyigubhe eyikhulu yokufa imbongi. yonke indlu ibuyiselwe Volkonskiis. Phambi kwendlu, egcekeni, efakwe isikhumbuzo enhle anikezelwe Pushkin. Esikhathini esizayo, it libuyiselwe ithala nendawo yokudlela, lokulala, ezitebhisini. Kwakuthinta ukusungulwa ngokuningiliziwe. Ngakho kwaba khona Museum-efulethini Pushkin phezu Moika.

Yonke nokuchaza Museum siqukethe izingxenye ezimbili. Eyokuqala iyalandisa inxuluma nokuphila Pushkin. Okwesibili - kuba efulethini imbongi, izimpahla zabo, izincwadi, ekumeni. A indawo ekhethekile Museum-efulethini ithatha ehhovisi imbongi. Lokhu ivulekile, ekamelweni elikhanyayo, lapho kungekho okunethezeka. Konke ilula futhi kufanele isebenze. Maphakathi egumbini bangempela edeskini, lapho kumi inkstand ne arabchonka sibalo. Lesi sipho P. V Naschekina. Ingxenye esemqoka egumbini kuhlala amabhuku amabhuku amasha neyesiNorway ubudala. Phakathi kwabo, Byron, Pushkin ezikhulekelwa.

Museum nemibukiso

Yinzuzo Museum kuyinto usofa, lapho imbongi wafa. Ngemva kokufa kwakhe, wathunyelwa edolobhaneni Mikhailovskoye. Ngo-1936, ngosizo we Pushkin umndeni usofa yena waphindiselwa efulethini phezu Moika. Ngo-2009, uma kuqhathaniswa amasampula DNA igazi amabala phezu kombhede futhi ubuqiniso ivesti we usofa wamiswa, owawungumnyaka ebulalayo embhedeni A. S. Pushkina. Nazi izinto ahlobene nokufa kwakhe: ukukhiya izinwele, buso, Vest, lapho mbongi ngosuku duel. Lapho kanye ayelapho Umbuso amakamelo, amahholo amabili manje, lapho imidwebo ezitholakala kule nkathi Pushkin sika. Lawa ekumeni of abangane Pushkin sika. Namuhla Isikhwama Museum izindlu izinto eziningi zokuqala, ehlanganisa: intandokazi uVoltaire esihlalweni imbongi, izindondolo kanye amapayipi, ngepeni edumile Pushkin sika ngoyinki. Museum njalo aminyene. Uhambo ihlala cishe isigamu sehora, kodwa ukuthi isikhathi esifushane, izivakashi kwenye isikhathi uhlangabezana zikhathi ezishaqisayo, exhunywe ne ukuphila nokufa imbongi omkhulu. Ngo amahholo mnyuziyamu recitals ayeba, ukufundwa etemibhalo abazinikezele A. S. Pushkinu. Kukhona amavesi izimbongi abasebasha ukuba banike othisha yokuvalelisa ezweni izinkondlo.

isiphetho

Le ndawo ikakhulukazi uyaziqhenya Petersburg. Aphathimenti Memorial Pushkina A. S. waziwa hhayi kuphela e-Russia kodwa futhi phesheya. Emkhakheni kakhulu ngihloniphe inkumbulo imbongi. Zonke ngoba Pushkin - genius aphume isikhathi nezombusazwe. Lo mbhali wezinkondlo sonke isikhathi. Liyaphila futhi elingukungaboli endalweni yakhe ukuthi ushiye uphawu ezijulile phezu komphefumulo wawo wonke umuntu.