Portrait zomlando nezombusazwe Alexander 1: incazelo kanye namaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Kulesi sihloko, siyosondela zezombusazwe kanye portrait zomlando ka-Alexander 1, kafushane, yebo. Lemisebenti koMbusi Russian ezihlukahlukene ocebile amaqiniso, ngoba Ukusabalala full okuzokwenza ungadinga okungaphezu Amakhasi kweshumi.

imibono zokuqala

Alexander Pavlovich wazalwa ngo-December 12, 1777. Ezemfundo we indlalifa yesihlalo sobukhosi, eyingoduso kugogo wakhe uCatherine II. Yayicabanga ukuthi akhule kuKesari esiphelele Russia. le nsizwa yayingumuntu uthisha eLa Harpe amagama Swiss. UMbusikazi wayemthanda futhi umzukulu ichithekile. Wayeshade naye ekuseni, eneminyaka engu-16. Umkakhe, le Countess of Baden, eneminyaka engu-14 kuphela Naphezu yobudala bakhe abasha, babehlala ndawonye, nakuba izingane ezimbili, Lowo okuzala ngezinhlungu zokubeletha Elizabeth (Louise ngaphambi kokubhapathizwa), washona ngo-esewusana.

ukulungiswa amaphutha

I-portrait zezombusazwe ka-Alexander 1 kungaba ephelele ngaphandle kokusho ukuthi wayethemba ukwakha umphakathi ngenhlonipho ebusheni bakhe. Wayesondelene ukunika ukuwamukela lo mqondo ka autocracy. Phakathi French Revolution, akabonanga lutho olubi. Uyise washona Icebo lika isigodlo 1801. Alexander wayeneminyaka engu-24 kuphela ubudala, kodwa wayesezibonile ngokucacile amaphutha okufanele sikugweme ukuze nokufanayo efanayo edabukisayo.

Qala umsebenzi

Ngakho-ke, wanyukela sobukhosi, waqale wabuya amalungelo yezikhulu, okuyinto waqeda uPawulu I. Okungukuthi bavunyelwe phesheya, wasixolela becindezela, waphakamisa le ndaba yokuvinjelwa kwezincwadi angaphandle ngesiRashiya. Portrait of uMbusi u-Alexander 1 anezele ukwaziswa ukuthi wayekhathalela ayigcinanga ngokuchaza kwamadoda asebukhosini, kodwa futhi abantu abavamile, abalimi. Ngo 1803 wakhipha isimemezelo owawuthi umlimi abe indoda khulula, uma ozokhokha inani lesihlengo enkosini yayo. Yiqiniso, uma umnikazi wendawo wayephikisa ke, deal ngeke zenzeke, kodwa ithuba uthole inkululeko ethile evela serfdom yavela. Lo mthetho wabizwa ngokuthi "Isinqumo kubalimi khulula." Phakathi nokubusa kuka-Alexander I ezakhiwa nezinye izinhlelo okuyinto umlimi abe indoda mahhala, kodwa abazange awenziwanga. Nokho, nakuba abantu abavamile, ababenikwe inkululeko yabo, ungaba impahla yabo.

Ayikho autocracy

Phakathi nokubusa kuka-Alexander I, izinguquko yokuphathwa komphakathi lwenziwe. Ngemva oda zombusi angase kukhanselwe umzimba wadala ngokukhethekile, ngokuthi iseluleko esisemqoka. Lokhu ndikimba zakonosoveschatelnogo. Siqukethe intsha emhlabeni umbusi kusukela ebusheni bakhe kuqhubeke. Abaningi imibono yabo azange awenziwanga. Lapho u-Alexander I ihlala esihlalweni sobukhosi, useqalile ucabange indlela ukugcina amandla abo. Wathi ukuthi izinguquko ezihlongozwayo iseluleko esisemqoka, kungaholela yokuthi uzolahlekelwa ingcindezi yayo ephezulu, amalungu lekabukene yini angayithandi. Ilunga eyinhloko uMkhandlu kwaba Mikhail Speransky. Kodwa uMbusi baqaphe waphoqeleka ukuba asuse kuye esikhundleni sakhe futhi bathunjwe. Njengokungathi iqonde ukugcizelela ukuthi akazange avumelane imibono yakhe, kuhlanganise namalungelo alinganayo yabakhulu, abalimi, onxiwankulu kuyinto engasho lutho, abasebenzi nezinceku, ekuguquleni imithetho neyokuphatha iziphathimandla.

Kuhle, umi eyisitha okuhle

Nokho, abanye imibono okuqhubekayo kungase asebenze. Ngokwesibonelo, anegunya baba iKhabhinethi. Yasungulwa emva zonke ibhodi kwathathelwa indawo zezinkonzo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ayitholwa ebhidlikayo izikhulu babe nomhlaba. Manje lelo live lalingeke ukuthola ubunikazi abathengisi nabathengisi. Emasayithini kwabo, bazibandakanya emsebenzini owodwa owenziwe kwezomnotho, usebenzisa amandla okusebenza kwabantu esiqashiwe. Ngemva Speranskii ebalulekile isimo bomuntu Arakcheev. Ngalo, u-Alexander ngaqala bakwenze umbono wokusungula nemizana lempi. Wayefisa, ukulondoloza isimo ekutheni sigcine ibutho. Futhi kulezi nemizana babeyophila abantu abenza abalimi ngokwabo fed sakwembathisa. Nokho, okuhlangenwe nakho akuyona ngempela impumelelo. Abantu waphikisana ngokumelene kokuba ezempi kanye nabalimi ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ukuvukela Arakcheyev ngokuqinile ukuyiveza. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi abantu wamelana emisha, kodwa ngo-1857, lapho nemizana abangu wakuqeda nya, kwakunabamemezeli 800.000 amasosha kuzo.

Kumele sifunde

I-portrait zomlando ka-Alexander 1, udinga ukwengeza kancane imibala egqamile. Sikhuluma kabusha imfundo. Ukuba yindoda enamandla abafunde kakhulu, uMbusi waqaphela ukuthi abantu abaningi abafundile eRussia, ngcono yezwe. Ngakho-ke, kule minyaka wokubusa kwakhe, wavula eziningi etikolweni letiphakeme nasemakolishi. Futhi 5 amanyuvesi avuleka. Russia lahlukaniswa laba izifunda esikoleni, ngamunye eyayintula inyuvesi lalo.

ukunqoba kwethu

I-portrait zezombusazwe ka-Alexander 1 kuyobe akuphelele uma akusho ukuthi kwakuphakathi nokubusa kwakhe, 1812, kwagqashuka impi waseFrance. Ngaphansi kokuqondisa kuKesari, izwe lethu amqoba uNapoleon, ukuvikela imingcele yayo. Kodwa isitha esenamandla futhi wakwazi ukunqoba wonke kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Bambalwa abantu bazi ukuthi Napoleon eceliwe izandla-udadewabo u-Alexander I - Anna Pavlovna, kodwa wenqaba. Kuvela elinye iqiniso elithakazelisayo wukuthi iRussia futhi France ekuqaleni umbimbi. Kodwa abakwazanga bavumelane ukuthi ubani ozoba umnikazi ezweni.

Ukuphela ukuphila

imibala belusizi kule sithombe se-Alexander 1 unezela indaba yokufa kwakhe. Washona eTaganrog. Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, kusukela typhoid fever, ngakolunye - kusukela ukuvuvukala kobuchopho. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1825. Wayeneminyaka engu-48 kuphela ubudala. Lokhu kubhujiswa kwakungamanga aluhlaza cwe ukuze abantu beza ngenguqulo yakhe siqu. Ngokusho kwakhe, lo mbusi wafa, waya kubantu, waphila njengomuntu futhi unkom 'idlayodwa kuze yokuguga. Mayelana asendulo kungasikhumbuza uhlamvu lwemali nge-portrait ka-Alexander 1, kodwa phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe wenqabile ukuba Mint iphrofayela yakhe. Kodwa ekhulwini le-19 kuze kube manje ikhiphe zemali ezimbalwa ezifana. Sekukonke kwakukhona 30 izingcezu kubalwa. Namuhla, enye uhlamvu enjalo, oluveza isithombe Alexander 1, kuwufanele ruble mayelana 2 million.

owalandela

Bani isidlulile amandla ngemva kokufa kuka-Alexander I? Wayefuna ukuthi ngemva kokufa kwakhe, umbusi kwaba umfowabo Constantine, kodwa asiyeke. Ngakho-ke, ngo-1923, u-Alexander wabhala wezinhloso imfihlo Yokuqashwa kumbusi umfowabo yesibili - UNicholas. Kodwa ngenxa yalokhu, kungekho muntu owazi ukuthi Guard Nicholas bazithoba ukuze uConstantine, okwakusho ukuthi ukuqokwa umbusi wokugcina. Nokho, umphakathi osithekile Decembrists okulungiselelwe lokho kuvukela, ukuze azame ukugumbuqela Nicholas kusolakala matasa ngokungemthetho sobukhosi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo bafuna ukuchitha serfdom futhi bayibulale iNkosi, kanye nazo zonke abuqede autocracy. Nokho, abazange baphumelele. Futhi ngesikhathi sokubusa kuka- Nicholas I. Kodwa lokho omunye indaba ...