Petunia Gioconda eziningi-akujabulela ezinwabuzelayo wendlale: izibuyekezo, izithombe, ukutshala nokunakekela, sikhula kusukela imbewu

Kukhona neze indoda ngubani ngabe kwadlula lesi sitshalo esimangalisayo mahluko, okungenani hhayi ukuhlaba ikhefu umzuzwana ubunyoninco izimbali zalo ezimnandi. Ngenxa kalula ukutshalwa kanye nokugcinwa, sesiye isivakashi wamukelekile cishe kuyo yonke imizi, kuzo zonke icebo engadini noma dacha. Lokhu omangalisayo eziphilayo umhlobiso - elikhanyayo, umxhwele Gioconda petunia eziningi-akujabulela ezinwabuzelayo wendlale.

Izibuyekezo

Lovers-abatshali generously okuhlangenwe nakho yayo amanethiwekhi ngesikhathi dilution ka petunias, ukugcizelela bemsulwa nangobuciko ezicashile. Ngokusho kwabo, umuntu angabona, kulandela imithetho elula, sikhule le mbali emangalisayo ukuthi ziyojabula ne ubuhle bayo ehlukile lonke ehlobo.

Ngiqinisile isitshalo esiyingqayizivele elingase ukujwayela isimo sezulu ezahlukene kakhulu futhi iyiphi inhlabathi - petunia eziningi-akujabulela Gioconda ezinwabuzelayo wendlale. Izibuyekezo agcwele udumo linesizotha yakhe ukunakekelwa kanye okungavamile zezimbali isikhathi. Fans of petunias ukuncoma wonke umuntu ukuhlobisa ithala, kuvulandi noma embhedeni, silalela le mbali enhle.

umsuka

Petunia Gioconda eziningi-akujabulela ezinwabuzelayo wendlale (Izibuyekezo bathi kuyinto) ekuqaleni komlando waso, siphoqelekile eNingizimu Melika. imbiza zisetshenziswa kungokwalabo Solanaceae umndeni futhi eyisihlobo amazambane kanye utamatisi. amagama isitshalo emuva petun isiPutukezi ( «ugwayi»).

Petunia sithandwa futhi ethandwa emhlabeni wonke. Kodwa bambalwa abantu bazi ukuthi ukuthandwa yayo selifikile indlela ziningi futhi zaba nzima kwi-iminyaka engu-200 ubude.

incazelo

Le mbali singakhuli indlu, kodwa kukholakala ukuthi izitshalo engcono kakhulu ekuhlobiseni amafasitela kanye balcony lowengca lo longatfolakala.

Amahlamvu petunia beqinile, sessile noma petioles iDemo ube usayizi ezahlukene kanye shape, ahlelwe yanjalo ku ngeziqu. Sifanamsindvo branched, oluhlaza, ezinwabuzelayo, uhlanganyela noma uqotho kuye ngohlobo lwaso.

Izimbali ezibumbeke njengebholo uphondo. Ziyakwazi double futhi elula, ezinkulu kanye melkotsvetnymi. Famous for ezihlukahlukene imibala spectrum - kusuka elimhlophe okumsulwa, pink ukukhanya nophuzi othi elikhanyayo, ayegcwele okwesibhakabhaka, ezinsomi, ezibomvu. Kukhona izinhlobonhlobo ngephethini variegated imibala, ngokuhlanganisa ezihlukile. Figure isigcebe sembali imiphetho kungaba bushelelezi noma insephe.

Izithelo petunia - capsule ugcwele imbewu amancane (kufika ku eziyinkulungwane 10 izingcezu ngamunye 1 g.) Iyiphi iphila iminyaka engu 2-3.

Petunia Gioconda eziningi-akujabulela ezinwabuzelayo wendlale (izibuyekezo aqukethe ulwazi olubanzi mayelana imbali) ingenye nzalo eziningi asetshenziswa floriculture njengoba unyaka.

izinhlobo

Zonke nzalo abizwa ngokuthi kutshalwa petunia izinhlobo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi kuqala wabo uvele Maphakathi nekhulu le-19 ezaziwayo. 4 izinhlobo ezahlukene petunias:

• large- (ngemibala kuze ubukhulu 10 cm);
• Multiflora nge ezincane (3-5 cm ububanzi) izimbali;
• undersized, yemifino (15-30 cm);
• ampelnye - lezi zihlanganisa ethandwa manje surfinii futhi abaningi-akujabulela petunia Gioconda ezinwabuzelayo wendlale.

Adume kakhulu

Kunezinto eziningi ezihlukahlukene nzalo nezinhlobonhlobo petunias ugazi futhi uthando lweqiniso Ongoti. Phakathi ethandwa kakhulu yilezi:

• Dabbl Cascade.
• Gioconda.
• Ramblin (libhekisela surfiniyam).

Petunia Gioconda eziningi-akujabulela ezinwabuzelayo wendlale: izithombe nokubuyekezwa,

Ngokusho ukubuyekezwa, lokhu hybrid ingenye izinhlobo ezikhanga kakhulu. Okuphansi Chic silnovetvyaschimisya ehlathini nge amahlumela, okuyinto ezinabantu embozwe izimbali (ububanzi of mayelana 5-6 cm) - gem wangempela ensimini. It has an ukubukeka kakhulu uma ukutshala izimbiza uhlanganyela nomthamo 10 amalitha. A izitshalo plus omkhulu, okuyinto abalobi Ukubuyekeza - ikhono layo ukuzivumelanisa anhlobonhlobo okushisa, okuvumela ukuba sikhule lokhu ezihlukahlukene zokuzamazama ezahlukene zezulu, bese ugcine it ebusika.

Izimo zethu zihluke kakhulu ezihlukahlukene enkulu Umbala flower efihlekile. Gioconda kuyinto:

• onsomi;
• pink;
• onsomi;
• ebomvu;
• ebomvu ayikhanyi kakhulu;
• orange;
• neon;
• salmon;
• ezimhlophe.

Sinesithakazelo ngokukhethekile yilona abathandi petunia Gioconda imajenta eziningi-akujabulela ezinwabuzelayo wendlale. On izithombe okufakiwe ungajabulela ubuhle imbali okungavamile.

Umsebenzisi Izibuyekezo abonisa ukuthi kubonakala sikhule petunia ngokwako akulula kanjalo ensimini. It ayifani ngaso sonke isikhathi izithombe kwi izincwajana Gioconda petunia eziningi-akujabulela ezinwabuzelayo wendlale.

Nokunakekela izitshalo, ngokuvumelana abatshali wazibonela, kuhluke ezinye izici. Ochwepheshe batusa ukuba bonke abafisa sikhule engadini yenu noma emphemeni we Mona Lisa abanamathela iqoqo izincomo elula.

Indlela yokutshala petunia?

Petunia Gioconda eziningi-akujabulela ezinwabuzelayo wendlale, ukutshala elichazwa ukubuyekeza, kudinga okulandelayo:

• Ensimini, okufanele kwenzeke ngayo, kahle ovuthayo ngenxa yokushisa kwelanga.
• Nakuba thermophilic nesomiso ukubekezelelana, petunia neze ehlupheka lokushisa eliphezulu ngokweqile futhi ngenxa yalokho, kuncike ukunqoba yizimbuzane. Prevention - isifutho esihle.
• Lesi sitshalo kudinga ukuthambisa njalo ngesikhathi petunias ashisayo kufanele uyophuziswa ekuseni nakusihlwa.
• Ungavumeli ngokweqile umswakama, futhi yokujama tsi yamanzi ke.
• Isitshalo kumele ibekwe endaweni evikelekile emoyeni, okuyinto ungakwazi ukugqashula amahlumela eside.
• Umbala evumelana yimuphi ngokulinganiswa inhlabathi evundile, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke - loamy kanye loam sandy. On emphemeni kumele isetshenziselwe petunias Ukwakheka: lezihlahla kanye Turf emhlabathini, Peat, indawo umfula isihlabathi isilinganiso 2: 2: 1: 1.
• 1 njalo emavikini amabili ngesikhathi sonke isikhathi izimbali Umanyolo kufanele kube umquba eziyinkimbinkimbi yezimbali wokuqukethwe lelisetulu potassium.
• Akumelwe unike ifomu amaqanda ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi ngokususa izimbali egqwalile, isibekisombhalo lokhu inkanuko efihlekile ezintsha.
• Ukuze ukhule isitshalo enhle, kubalulekile ukuba afeze kumiswa isihlahla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, phusha amahlumela kuka kwavusa kumiswa amagatsha amasha izimbali, lesi sitshalo kuba aluhlaza ngaphezulu.

Ezikhula imbewu

Namuhla, phakathi nayo yonke inkathi "intwasahlobo / ihlobo" e flower izitolo kanye emakethe kungaba ngokukhululekile ukuthenga izithombo ngomumo petunias. Abanye bakhetha sikhule izithombo bebodwa. Ochwepheshe batusa kulokhu ukuthenga imbewu izinga kusuka nabaphakeli Esinokwethenjelwa.

Imbewu zizalela izinhlobonhlobo eziningi petunias, kuhlanganise nenzalo yabo, okuhlanganisa petunia eziningi-akujabulela Gioconda ezinwabuzelayo wendlale.

izithombo ezikhulayo imbewu wenziwa Mashi. Isikhathi wabizela yilo oyifunayo kwehla isikhathi izimbali on emphemeni noma ensimini. Ezikhula imbewu athuthukile izithombo ihlala cishe izinyanga ezintathu.

Inhlabathi ngaphambilini walungisa zokutshala, sieved futhi ngobuningi bazithela. Imbewu ukuncoma azihlanganise isihlabathi ukuze unikeze ngaphezulu ukusatshalaliswa iyunifomu phansi, ke ezihlwanyelwe, hhayi ovala, nisela by sishaye. Ngemva kwalokho, kumelwe embozwe ucwecwe noma ingilazi.

Ukuze elikhulu ukuhluma lokushisa 20-23 degrees. abafumana ukushisa noma ukungabi nokukhanya kuholela esisuka, indawo yokuhlala kanye nezifo zezitshalo fungal ukushaqeka.

Ngokuvamile, imbewu ziqhume ngokuhamba kwezinsuku 5-7 of. Le filimu ke ekhishiwe noma ingilazi. Nisela izithombo abasha, abagcina kokulinganisela nokuphuza ngokuqapha. Izinga lokushisa is kancane kancane kuze kube plus 18 degrees.

Ngemva ukubonakala amaqabunga kuyiqiniso, izithombo kudingeka ugxumele amabhokisi, futhi ekupheleni kwenyanga - izimbiza. Ukuqinisekisa amahlumela compactness phusha ukuthi esikhathini esizayo isisusa ukuze amagatsha zalesi sihlahla.

Ngo-April, izithombo Kunconywa ukuba lungadambisa, futhi ngemva frost ukutshala endaweni ehlala njalo at ibanga 25-30 cm phakathi amahlumela.

Uma petunia itshalwe on emphemeni, kufanele uqhubeke ngesisekelo: esitsheni 10-litre itshalwe akukho kuka izitshalo 3. Okuningi kufanelekile Friend kuholela yokuthi izitshalo zinwetshwe, ulahlekelwe nomphumela wabo zokuhlobisa.

esiphelweni by cuttings

Phakathi ukubuyabuyelela nge izitshalo cuttings umama bembe ekwindla, uwele izimbiza, ukuhlakula amahlumela ezindala futhi endaweni ebusika elikhanyayo futhi cool, igumbi kahle umoya.

I elikhulu isitoreji lokushisa - plus 10-12 degrees nge ukuthambisa ngokulinganisela.

Nge ukufika kwentwasahlobo izitshalo abasha kumele ukusika cuttings apical eside mayelana 10 cm. Nabo kubalulekile ukususa zonke amaqabunga ngaphandle ababili abaphezulu. Ukuze kwenziwe ngcono kucedvwa cuttings Ezansi kumele egxilile isixazululo phytohormones, ke cuttings zitshalwa enhlabathini okuxekethile nobuhlobo esanele umoya permeability noma esihlabathini manzi, kufanele uyophuziswa kanye nekhava ingilazi noma ifilimu.

Ngemuva ukusika cuttings Kunconywa ukutshala ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Lapho cuttings mthetho kuvamile kubo bonke izitshalo. Okuhlukile amaSucculents, okufanele ngempela ezomile ngaphambi kokutshala.

Amazinga elikhulu for ukhula lwenkohlakalo egcwele - plus 20-23 degrees nge izibani okuhle.

Ngaphansi kwezimo short daylength Kunconywa ukukhanyisa eyengeziwe kanye nezibani Fluorescent, ngelula amahora emini emahoreni angu-10.

Kufanele kuqashelwe nokugcina njalo umswakama. Izimpande cuttings okukhiqizwayo esingangesonto. Ngemva ukubukeka amahlamvu sitshalo uhlezi izimbiza amancane, begodu kukhula ngevolumu petunias amabhodwe kumele lenyuke. Izitshalo ukuhlinzeka ukunakekelwa, kokubili landa lisuka imbewu.

Indlela yokubhekana nalesi sifo?

Petunia izitshalo abasakwazi aqine, kodwa khona kwezimo ezingezinhle basengaba imbangela izifo zabo noma ukuhlaselwa izinambuzane.

1. izifo fungal. Kungenzeka uma zokutshala obukhulu, ukuthambisa ngokweqile, ukukhethwa okungalungile kwenhlabathi (esinda kakhulu). Izithombo angase afe kusukela ukuthuthukiswa impande bola. Kunconywa:

• ukususa ingxenye onesifo zalesi sihlahla nge umhlaba nalokho ezingomakhelwane;
• zonke izimbali esisele aphathe nesikhunta;
• uma ukuchelela hhayi pereuvlazhnyat inhlabathi futhi kuvimbele amanzi yokujama tsi kuwo.

Ukuze izifo fungal futhi zihlanganisa powdery isikhutha (enamathela emhlophe phezu amahlamvu nezimbali). Imbangela - ngokuphazima kweso lapho izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama. Ukuze ibutho elilwayo imisebenzi zihlanganisa: ukususwa imvuthuluka abathintekayo izitshalo, ukuyicubungula grey.

Ngokuba nokuvimbela izifo fungal kufanele:

• ukhetha umhlaba ukuze kutshalwe futhi engasindi (PH <6);
• ukuwapheka ngesitimu kunokuwabilisa kahle ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela ezweni;
• sihlwanyela futhi ngitshale izitshalo akuzona obukhulu kakhulu;
• unamathele lokushisa;
• ukugwema okuqukethwe ngokweqile nitrogen Umanyolo, kanye yokujama tsi lamanzi emhlabathini.

2. amahlamvu Yellowing. izizathu:

• ukwephulwa lokushisa futhi ayakhala umbuso;
• izinambuzane (yizimbuzane, aphid, Silakho);
• ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo chlorosis kweqiniso (yensimbi ukuntula).

Izinqubo ze-control inkathazo yilezi:

• sishaye amanzi ukugeza noma babuthakathaka leaf kagwayi akhiphe impova phansi nesibabule (emoyeni), ukucutshungulwa ngomumo zinambuzane systemic (kusuka spider ngomnikelo omncane);
• ukucutshungulwa isixazululo (1: 1) I-nicotine-sulfate emanzini soapy (aphid);
• ukwelashwa nge amalungiselelo permethrin (2%) zonke izinsuku ezintathu (ku Silakho);
• nokuphathwa amalungiselelo equkethe yensimbi (kusukela chlorosis kweqiniso).

Entsha "iqhawe"

Petunia F1 Gioconda eziningi-akujabulela ezinwabuzelayo wendlale - esanda ezifuywa hybrid, ngokuvumelana ukubuyekezwa, kuyintfo lenkhulu esincintisana surfiniyam - neyaziwayo Amaqhawe ubuningi zezimbali. Okusakazwa kuphela vegetatively.

Ukuhoxiswa ezihlukahlukene kubhekwa intuthuko wamavukelambuso zizalela. Lona wokuqala petunia emhlabeni, enika imibala ekhexisayo.

Kuyinto isitshalo nge amagatsha ezinhle, amahlumela ezinamandla 20 cm ubude, ekwazi ukumboza inhlabathi lapho esekhulile zathu vulekile 1 m ububanzi.

Izinhlobonhlobo iyona F1 - petunia eziningi-akujabulela Gioconda inkanyezi ezinwabuzelayo wendlale (izibuyekezo uqinisekise lesi) - uvuma anhlobonhlobo okushisa: plus 8-40 degrees Celsius.

Kuncike esitsheni ezikhulayo umthamo yokugcina kumele kwanele, futhi ukuvundiswa kufanele kwenziwe njalo ngeviki ukulondoloza ubuhle simila.

Ungabona esitfombeni ngokucophelela hybrid F1 (petunia eziningi-akujabulela Gioconda inkanyezi ezinwabuzelayo wendlale).

Izibuyekezo zihlanganisa ulwazi izimo ukukhula plant elikhulu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukunikezwa angu-11 emini nokugcina izinga lokushisa 20-22 degrees. Ngaphansi kwalezi zimo, njengoba kuboniswa abalobi izibuyekezo, izimila eziqhakazayo ezigcinwe unyaka wonke. Ngokusho ukubuyekezwa, sha uphelele ukwenziwa izithombo.

Lesi sitshalo enamandla kakhulu, izimbali iqala ngesikhathi liqala kokuqala sokuthuthuka. Inflorescence ubukhulu kuyinto cm 100, imbali ubukhulu - 6 cm.

izithombo Hlwanyela kungaba kusuka February kuya April. Kufanele kube ezingabalulekile. Ekukhuleni kwembewu kwenzeka ukukhanya. Februwari sowings kudingeka izibani ezengeziwe. Izithombo ngokuvamile bavele ngosuku 5-6th. Njengoba sekunama-amahlamvu 1-2 kuyiqiniso, kubalulekile ukuba ubambe Pick. Ekupheleni kuka-May, izithombo lukhuni futhi batshala emhlabathini.

Ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi ukuthambisa obuningi futhi eside zom phansi kumele kube ngesikhathi esifanele, Ukukhipha njalo, khulula futhi ukondla umquba.

abasebenzisi ukuthi bancome

Omunye izici lokukwazi Dzhokondy F1, wamemezela ngumkhiqizi, yikhono layo ukuzivumelanisa ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa. Hybrid ibekwe njengoba izinhlobo eziqinile kakhulu: isitshalo akafi e-sub-zero lokushisa izinkomba, futhi siyehla kuphela phansi ukukhula.

Abasebenzisi uyazisa ukuzinza lokukwazi Gioconda F1 ethonyeni nolaka kwezimo ezingezinhle. Ngokwesibonelo, omunye izinhlobo ethandwa kakhulu - Petunia F1 salmon Gioconda eziningi-akujabulela ezinwabuzelayo wendlale - wathola Izibuyekezo eziningi ngenxa yamakhono. Ngokusho balimi amateur, lesi sitshalo ibukeka hhayi kuphela like a winner eceleni nezinye izinhlobo embhedeni, kodwa futhi phakathi yesithwathwa ekwindla lokususa 3 degrees akaphelelwa nezimfanelo zayo zokuhlobisa. Amalungu batusa kakhulu lokhu ezihlukahlukene ekuhlobiseni imbali imibhede, izingadi, balcony.

I-Gioconda Petunia Hybrid ingumncintiswano oqinisekile wezinhlobo ezinhle ze-ampel. Uma uyikhuphula emabhodleleni ezimbali futhi ubeka izibhekebhe ezilenga, wonke umuntu ubona ukufaniswa kokusabalalisa emagatsheni awo ezimbali, ekwakheni izimbali ezihle kakhulu. Izici ezibucayi zezinhlobo ezintsha ze-Gioconda - ukumelana nesithwathwa, izimbali zomnyaka kanye nabanye - yizimfanelo ezibalulekile ezivula amathuba amasha amasha abalimi.