Peter Klodt umqophi: Biography nemisebenzi

Genius umqophi Klodt Petr Karlovich kusukela ebuntwaneni wafuna ukuba ngibe isosha. Umsebenzi abakhethiwe. Waqala ukufunda ngaphandle othisha. Nokho, ngomyalo wabaholi kwezimo, sekuwumkhuba Foundry unqambothi. It Nguyena futhi owanika umfutho ekuthuthukiseni le art.

Wenza yasekhaya Animal isiyalo akancike ...

Umkhaya lempi lezinceku

UPyotr Karlovich Klodt, ogama biography uzokutshela abafundi esihlokweni, yazalwa ngo-Petersburg 1805. Klodt umndeni ngokuyinhloko lempi sitholwa njengefa. Leli gama yayiyizwe elimpofu kakhulu, kodwa ephezulu ozalwa. Ngakho, ukhokho, lo umqophi uye wahlanganyela neMpi Northern futhi njengelinye lamazwe abanegama walabo izimpi. UPapa noPetru kwaba empini. Walwa kuquqaba Napoleon eMpini Patriotic ka 1812 kanti owesibili kwaba jikelele wezempi. portrait lakhe namanje igalari Hermitage.

Lapho uPetru wazalwa, uyise wathola umsebenzi omusha futhi kwaholela yindlunkulu Hlukanisa laseSiberia Corps. Ngakho-ke, ebuntwaneni kanye intsha ebaziwe esizayo senzeka ngo Omsk.

Kuyinto kule edolobheni laseSiberia, ukoma kwakhe okwakuvame ukubonakala kuwukuziphikisa imidwebo, sculpting kanye ukubaza. Lapho eneminyaka engu-nambili, yena waba ezibaziweyo ngokhuni amahhashi. Kulezi izilwane, wabona futhi charm engenakuqhathaniswa.

Ngokwengxenye enkulu, lokhu Craze isidlulile uPetru abasha kuyise. Yena wamxosha ibutho iphepha amahhashi, eyayibonakala eyayiqoshwe sidlala amakhadi. Ngemva kwalokho, noma nini lapho kungenzeka umqophi esizayo njalo wazama ukudweba bese usika izilwane.

Ngo 1822 the yomkhaya wafa, kanye nomndeni wakhe ngokushesha wakhetha ukubuyela enhlokodolobha enyakatho.

inkonzo yezempi

Kusukela okhokho Klodt abasha babe lempi, nesikhombisa, uPetru wanquma ukubhalisa eSikoleni of wezikhali. Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, lesi sikhathi empilweni we umqophi waziwa kancane kakhulu. Wayengumuntu nesikhombisa lapho eba ubusosha. Khona-ke, ngemva kweminyaka embalwa ashona, wakhushulelwa esikhundleni esiphezulu Ensign.

Ngalezo zinsuku, lapho isikhathi, wafundiswa amahhashi - zibone zabo, imikhuba, postures ... Kafushane, wafunda lezi zilwane njengoba izifundo yobuciko. Wayengenaso nezinye uthisha kodwa imvelo. Waqhubeka bahlanganyele wokuzilibazisa abawuthandayo - izibalo ezidwetshiwe noma eqoshiwe.

Ngo 1827 Klodt, kakade uLieutenant waphonsa inkonzo ngenxa yokugula. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, uye wagxila kuphela umsebenzi wakhe.

sokuzithandela Academy

Kwaphela iminyaka emibili, lesi sikhulu sase wahlanganyela ebaziwe wedwa. Ubizwa, njengasekuqaleni, ukusebenza nemvelo, kopisha imisebenzi yobuciko zasendulo nezanamuhla. Uma omunye amakhanda ezihlalweni zobukhosi bethwele nemiqhele wanika omkhulu uMbusi uNicholas mina ukuthola umgibeli izinkuni. Njengoba le nkosi, wayejabula kakhulu "amathoyizi" enjalo, wayaleza ukuthola kumbhali abanamakhono. Ngenxa yalokho, uPetru Klodt kwaba ngo-Winter Palace, futhi ngemva nezilaleli kumbusi baba sokuzithandela Academy of Arts. Waqala ukuthola kanye nezinzuzo imali. Kwaba 1829-th.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi le umqophi wazinikela ngokuphelele art. Yena waqala ukuba khona ezifundweni, ukuhlangana nabantu abasha zokudala ikopishwe ebaziwe zamakhosi kanye iminyuziyamu, futhi baqhubeka ukuqoba imifanekiso zamahhashi kanye Hussars. Phela, in the 30s, lezi "amathoyizi" ayekanye naye ngokoqobo ukuthengisa efana amakhekhe ashisayo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi le esifanekisweni lokhuni Klodt ukuthi ehlotshisiwe ngesikhathi edeskini Empress. Kafushane, ithalenta nokukhuthazela we umqophi nakanjani ukuletha izinzuzo zangempela. Futhi ngisho ngaphambili kunebengisicabanga umdali usemncane kakhulu.

Njengoba for abafundisi Academy, bona wayengajabule umsebenzi wakhe ngazo zonke izindlela ukuba amsize aphumelele. Kodwa umeluleki oqondile isilaleli esincane sasikanye li lesikhungo I. Martos. Nguye wamethula endlini yakhe ...

Ukushada nomshana le Rector sika

Empeleni, uPetru Klodt, ogama Umlando womuntu ophilako egcwele izenzakalo ezithakazelisayo, baba isivakashi njalo endlini Martos. Ngemva kwesikhashana, waze kwakufanela ashade indodakazi li. Kodwa lokhu akwenzekanga. Wayeseqala ukuthuka kuyoba mnandi ukuba umshana wakhe. Juliana Spiridonov - ngakho igama lakhe. Ngemva kwalokho, waba umkakhe Omuny wothando. lomshado wabo wathatha indawo 1832.

Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, ozala Klodt uvele indlalifa - Michael. Emashumini eminyaka kamuva, waba umdwebi odumile kakhulu, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile besebenza kwamanye amazwe aphesheya.

I-oda uhulumeni wokuqala

Ngemva komshado, uPetru Klodt (umqophi) wathola oda uhulumeni kuqala. Sikhuluma umklamo sculptural leSango Narva, okuyinto enhloko-dolobha enyakatho. Inkampani kwakhe okwaba ubuntu zokudala ezifana V Demuth-Malinovsky futhi Pimenov. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lo umqophi abasha kwanhlobo isipiliyoni emisebenzini omkhulukazi, wakwazi lolungenamaphutsa ukuze ziyaphuma enqobile. Lapho lwaleli elisophahleni yayisivele esungulwe ukuthimula kwamahhashi akhe ayisithupha ukuthi baphathe Inqola unkulunkulukazi Udumo Klodt (umqophi wemifanekiso, ungumdali Kulokhu) akasenzanga lokuvikeleka kwezifiso ezisemqoka ezingumphumela autocrat isiRashiya, kodwa futhi udumo emhlabeni wonke.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemva ngokunqoba ezinjalo oneminyaka engu-28 ubudala umdali self-wafundisa waba academician we Academy of Arts. Futhi, waba uprofesa ebaziwe, futhi ngaphandle iholo, waqala ukuthola impesheni eningi yonyaka. Sanikwa efulethini libanzi futhi studio ...

Kusukela Admiralty Boulevard ukuba Anichkov Ibhuloho

Lapho Klodt wasebenza phezu Umklamo eSangweni Narva, wathola enye i-oda kusuka kuhulumeni. Kudingeka ukwakha amaqembu amabili eziqoshiwe. Ngokuya ngalolu hlelo, kwakuyodingeka kuhlobisa pier Admiralty Boulevard. Qamba kubo - "I Ukudambisa of ihhashi."

Peter Klodt wakwazi ukukhiqiza imodeli yale phrojekthi, baziyisa Academy ukuze sicatshangelwe. Izifundiswa Babengaphezu kwamashumi aneliseke umsebenzi waba umqophi abanamakhono, futhi kwanqunywa ukuba bafeze lo oda ngokugcwele.

Kodwa njengoba Klodt waqhubeka esebenza ukubunjwa eSangweni Narva, kwadingeka ukuba ume emsebenzini we "Abaphathi". Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, lapho iphrojekthi lokuqala kuphelile, umqophi wabuya engomeni edlule.

Nokho, manje, wathembisa ukubeka ebaziwe akukhona Admiralty Boulevard phezu Anichkov Ibhuloho.

Iqiniso lokuthi lesi sakhiwo wadalwa eyisidalwa isikebhe sokhuni, bese - itshe. Ibhuloho kwaba okuthembekile, kodwa lincane kakhulu capital ezinkulu. Nicholas mina yena wayeqonda ukuthi umsebenzi wokuvuselela izakhiwo liyadingeka. Futhi kulokhu klodtovskie "Horse Tamers" kungaba lapha ukubeka. Kafushane, umsebenzi onjalo ukunikeza kwebhuloho a look zanamuhla kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuhlela kabusha ukwakhiwa waqala ngo-1840.

Kodwa ngisho nangaphambi kwalokho iqembu lokuqala "Abaphathi" wayekulungele futhi elinde casters umyalo ukusakaza omuhle wobuciko lethusi. Kodwa inhloko uVladimir Ekimov casthouse Academy, othile eshona kungazelelwe, engashiyanga, ngeshwa, umlandeli wakhe ...

caster

Ngaphandle uchwepheshe onguchwepheshe asakazwe enjalo kwakungenakwenzeka nhlobo. Kodwa ukuqaphela zonke izinhlelo ezifanayo, Klodt wanquma ukuthi abe yihlo kulowo Ukuqaliswa kwalawa imisebenzi. amakhono Foundry Ikakhulukazi wafundiswa lapho ngisesikoleni ezempi kanye at the Academy.

Ngaleso sikhathi sasibhekwa kuphela umqophi esiphelele kahle ekusakazeni art. Ngakho wavuka ukunikezwa ukuphatha zonke egcekeni ekusakazeni. Yiqiniso, wala. Ngakho okokuqala emlandweni ubuciko umqophi wemifanekiso, ababengamthandi imfundo efanele, waqala ukuhola workshop efanayo.

Ngu 1841 th Klodt kakade kukhiqizwa Ukwakheka ezimbili zethusi futhi baqala ukulungiselela ukuba lo mbhangqwana lokugcina Ukusakaza eziqoshiwe.

Kodwa ekupheleni kuka-Novemba ngawo lowo nyaka kwasivulela Anichkov Bridge, ngemva sokubuyiselwa. Ready iqembu zethusi babe phezu kwezisekelo ezinezikhoxe ibhange kwesokudla Fontanka, kanye kwesokunxele - usimende luhamba ...

Umlando nge izipho

Ngo-1842 kwenziwa ngokuxosha umbhangqwana wokugcina. Nokho, abazange efika Anichkov Ibhuloho. Iqiniso lokuthi Nicholas mina yababiza umqophi. Watshela inkantolo wathi wayedlula Besifuna ukugubha ukudalwa Klodt. Futhi lokhu, uye wakhetha ukunika ebaziwe yabalingisi zethusi we iNkosi yasePrussia Friedrich Wilhelm IV.

Ngenxa yalokho, Klodt waya Berlin. Bronze waklonyeliswa isipho yokubusa kwamakhosi Prussian. Ngemva kwalokho ebaziwe efakwe eduze kwesango esemqoka ye IHlalankosi. Nokho, uWilliam, wayengekho izikweletu. Wethula Klodt idayimane isinemfu kwebhokisi wamletha Order eziphambili Red Eagle.

Ekubuyeleni kwakhe Petersburg waphinda waqala ukusakaza "Abaphathi." Kodwa ngalesi sikhathi, lo mbhangqwana awuzange ufike endaweni oya kuyo, kusukela ngaleso sikhathi eNorth Palmyra kuvakashelwa kwakufike umbusi ababili Sicilies uFerdinand II. autocrat Russian wabonisa Sicilia nkosi ekudalweni Klodt. Ngenxa yalokho, uFerdinand bathandile indlela sculpted uPetru Klodt, futhi wamcela ukuba ukwethula lo mbhangqwana. Futhi kwenzeka kanjalo. Bronze umqophi pair itholakala Naples, futhi wayeyisazi umdali waklonyeliswa enye i-oda.

Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, zikhona amakhophi okufanayo eRussia. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Golitsyns estate Petrodvorets.

Phezulu lokusungula

Ngakho, ngo-1846 umdwebi wokuqala waphinda waphonsa into ebaziwe, futhi uqede yonke kwengoma. Le nqubo, eqinisweni, yathatha iminyaka emine. Futhi 1850 usimende ephonsa asuswe ibhuloho, futhi esikhundleni sabo sokwakha sibalo ngethusi. Ngakho Clodt (umqophi) Anichkov ibhuloho ekugcineni igcwaliswe akhiphe. Imisebenzi eyathatha amashumi amabili eminyaka. Inkosi ka wonke Ensemble kwaletha impumelelo engakaze ibonwe.

Yiqiniso, ngemva "Abaphathi" Klodt wadala nezinye eziqoshiwe. Nokho, ngokuvumelana abathandi ubuciko, "Anichkova amahhashi" kukhona umvuthwandaba umsebenzi umdwebi sika.

impumuzo imitha-70

P. Klodt (umqophi) aqhubeka ukusebenza oda ezibaluleke kakhulu yasebukhosini. Omunye wabo - kabusha ikhaya olusemthethweni Palace Marble. Ngakho, iphrojekthi bazitshela ukuthi yonke phasi kunikezwa ezitebeleni, futhi umzimba, okuyinto uya engadini, kuyoba esikoleni ogibele. Ngakho, i-umhlobiso impumuzo imitha-70 yadalwa, okwakubizwa ngokuthi i "Horse enkonzweni yomuntu." Umbhali kwaba Klodt. Kulesi umsebenzi umqophi uye wachaza saleli lwabo. amahhashi, ukuhamba nokuzingela imidwebo, abakhwele amahhashi izimpi ...

Umsebenzi anokuqonda kakhulu

Kusukela nezinye izinto eziqoshwe ngamathambo ezindlovu Wizard ngaphandle kuyinto lesikhumbuzo ukuze Ivan Krylov. Khumbula fabulist abadumile wayengekho ngo-1844. Ukufa kwakhe kwabonakala ukuthi ukubhema entabeni ethandwa. Ngonyaka olandelayo, ngo-nakomagazini, kwamenyezelwa okubhaliselwe yokuzithandela elihlobene ne ukufakwa lesikhumbuzo ukuze Krylov. Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, lemali edingekayo sebuqoqiwe, futhi Academy of Arts umemezele mncintiswano olufanele phakathi Okugweda. Ngenxa yalokho, i-winner kwaba Klodt.

Ekuqaleni, wayehlele ukuphinde akhiphe oda ngamasiko asendulo. Kodwa ekugcineni wadala olunembile ngempela portrait isithombe.

Ngo-1855, lethusi lesikhumbuzo ukuze Krylov wamiswa Summer Garden. Fabulist wayechazwa lizungezwe menagerie lezinhlamvu izinganekwane yakhe. Umsebenzi lezi zithombe esesizile master ihluzo A. Agin, abake wafanekisa inkondlo "Imiphefumulo Dead" Gogol sika.

Ngokuvamile, lokhu lesikhumbuzo isibe ngokusuka enhliziyweni kakhulu futhi umsebenzi ezijulile Klodt.

lesikhumbuzo abavikela

Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, lo umqophi Klodt (imisebenzi yakhe zaziwa kude Russia) iqala kuze kube sekugcineni yemisebenzi yakhe. Sikhuluma lesikhumbuzo ukuze Nicholas I.

Ngokwengxenye enkulu zonke ekuphileni okudala umculi owawuse ne autocrat, ngaphansi ukusekelwa wakhe oqondile. Ngakho-ke, ubani kungashiya kumemori ithusi lazo kuye? Kuphela Klodt.

Ngenxa yalokho, kwakhiwa eyaziwa othumele umdali Alexandria Monferrand ikholomu. Kodwa sculpt esifanekisweni bese waphonsa ayengakwenza Klodt kuphela.

Ekuqaleni 1857 ithebhu yokuqala lesikhumbuzo senziwa olandelayo ngonyaka master sekuqalile ukuphonsa zethusi esifanekisweni Equestrian wenkosi. Ngeshwa, ngo-inqubo ekubunjweni ufa, futhi ngenxa eziningana izingxenye sibalo abangu alaneliswa.

Ngo-1859-m wathatha asakazwe yesibili. Manje kwase kuyindodana ngaphezu yimpumelelo.

Nokho, ukuze ikhulule esifanekisweni kusukela workshop kusayithi ukufakwa, kwakudingekile ukuze ifohle omunye izindonga. Azikho izinkinga ezingaphezu babengasekho.

Kodwa ngo-June ngawo lowo nyaka, isikhumbuzo lesikhumbuzo kuKesari. Lo msebenzi kwakungewona nje umhlobiso kweqiniso of Square St-Isaka, kodwa futhi wobuciko yobuciko emhlabeni.

nokwakheka

Ngaphezu imisebenzi eqondile, Klodt Petr Karlovich, ogama ukubaza zaziwa emhlabeni wonke, ithuthukiswe ukuqeqeshwa namabhukwana ngamathalenta ezincani Academy. Ngakho, ngo-namathathu banesifo esibi, waphonsa lethusi edumile "umzimba walala." Ngamanye amazwi, lo komzimba womuntu, eyasungulwa iqhaza omunye osolwazi ukwakheka komzimba womuntu. Ngemva kwesikhashana, wizadi kudala futhi "ethi Anatomy of ihhashi."

Nokufa ngokungalindelekile kwesihlobo master

umqophi Brilliant kwakungelona ekwindla ka-1867. Ngokufa okuzumayo layifica at dacha wakhe eFinland. Bathi ezikhathini bokugcina bokuphila kwakhe umqophi Klodt (imisebenzi yakhe ezibhekwa yobuciko), njengoba ngaso sonke isikhathi, ukuphuma izibalo.

Klodt wangcwatshwa LamaLuthela emathuneni ukuthi inhlokodolobha enyakatho. Futhi ngo-1936, uhlala master iyiswe Necropolis ka Abaculi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo sibekela itshe lethuna entsha.

Ngesikhathi Lutheran emathuneni wahlala cishe zonke izihlobo umqophi wemifanekiso, kuhlanganise nomkayo. Ngeshwa, Klodt amathuna abangu irreparably wabhubhisa ...