Patina - kuyini? patina Lapho isicelo

Kusukela kwakudala abathandi ngokuvamile kakhulu ungezwa amagama afana nelithi "patina." Kuyini, ngokuqinisekile ungathanda ukwazi Abasebenzisi abaningi Inthanethi. Isihloko esilandelayo, sizozama ukunikeza yalo mbuzo impendulo enemininingwane kakhulu. Ngakho, liyini patina?

Inchazelo

Zonke abake bavakashela emnyuziyamu kumelwe ukuba wabona zemali oluhlaza lasendulo, saqoqa isikhathi Chandeliers, izibani odongeni nokunye. D. esinemthombo izinto zensimbi lokunameka ngokuthi patina. Umbala lo ifilimu ingahluka ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ububanzi. Ezimweni eziningi ezakhiwe isenzo ejenti asemkhathini e zemvelo ukuguga patina it has a kwe-tint ogqamile. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kuba ensundu, ompunga amnyama noma bluish.

chemical ifomula

Impendulo yalo mbuzo othi: "patina - kuyini lokho?" Kusukela iphuzu Ngenxa wemithi silula. I kwaphumela zethusi yamabhayisikobho omunye ngaphandle Cuco ezivamile _3. Lokhu kungaba, isibonelo, Cu ₂ (CO ₃₎ (OH) ₂ noma Cu ₃ (CO ₃₎ 2 (OH). Plaque okufana lokuqala has a shades ogqamile (Malachite), owesibili - bluish (azurite).

patina Yemvelo ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngaphakathi impela isikhathi eside. Ezimweni eziningi, ifilimu impahla a ezifana nethusi carbonate, emkhiqizweni, kuncike kule mibandela, yakheke iminyaka 5-25. Uma into itholakala endaweni zinomswakama namachibi, yebo, ngizoya ngokushesha. Endaweni eyomile ekamelweni enamathela umkhiqizo ngokulandelana ichazwe.

Ekuqaleni, welithi "patina" (ukuthi iyini manje wazi) isicelo kuphela ifilimu kwakheka kwi zethusi, ithusi noma ithusi. Kamuva ngalowo izwi waqala ukubiza futhi qwembe ekuveleni izinkuni, ukhonkolo, tinge bluish kuya steel okwesibhakabhaka, nokunye. D.

Umlando patination

Iqiniso lokuthi izinto ezindala funa okuqinile futhi ohlonishwa, wonke umuntu uyazi. Isizathu salokhu ngokuvamile carbonate zethusi - patina. Njengoba elabo ebusweni umkhiqizo kuyoba lokhu yizicukuthwane qwembe akhawunti isikhathi eside kakhulu, izindlela ezihlukahlukene ezivumela ukulithola ngemishini zenzelwe.

Isandla wokuqala wenza izinto elidala kwaqala okwenza ekhulwini le-14 e-Florence. Patination sebewasebenzisa Gypsum, okuwugcwalisile imigodi at ebusweni imikhiqizo lokhuni. Ngemva iphele ingxube ngomkhiqizo alabhaste anamatheliswe igolide leaf. Khona-ke, bonke varnished.

Ubuchwepheshe patination yokufakelwa yensimbi futhi isungule Adalberto isikhathi eside. Amakhosi asendulo waphawula ukuthi imiswe phakathi neminyaka nokutubeka fat ku enamathela isitsha kwensimbi azigcina rusting yayo. Ngakho-ke, cishe efanayo ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali isetshenziswa ifilimu waqala ukubaza nezinye art ekusakazeni.

Lapho esetshenziswa patina

Namuhla, le nqubo ibizwa futhi ngokuvamile ehlotshiswe ifenisha eyenzelwe zokuhlala. Ngezinye izikhathi patina lisetshenziswa yokufakelwa ukuguga Decor izinto emahhovisi abantu ibhizinisi. ukubukeka olubabazeka kakhulu eseqedile imikhiqizo ngaleyo ndlela kokuzihlanganisa. Kungenziwa ehlotshiswe metallic patina banisters, uthango isimo ezisebenza kanye kuvulandi t. D.

Futhi, ngokuvamile kakhulu kule nqubo isetshenziselwa ukuguga yokufakelwa zethusi zethusi coinages. Njengasesikhathini esidlule, patina ngezinye izikhathi kubonakala metal yabalingisi (steel, zethusi nezensimbi) nokuhlobisa. Kwenzeka ukuthi ngale ndlela wenza isikhumbuzo zemali "ubudala", izindondo, izifanekiselo, nokunye. D. Isikhathi esining impela yokufakelwa patina embozwe Chandeliers ithusi, sconces, amapuleti zokuhlobisa nezinyawo t. D.

patina Artificial: osekhulile upende

Patination ifenisha, panel, imigoqo yensimbi , njalo njalo. Ingabe ngokuvamile kakhulu esetshenziswa le ndlela emnene kakhulu. Ukuguga we upende wenziwa ngendlela elandelayo:

• Umkhiqizo wenziwe noma ukhuni is kahle bahlanza futhi degreased.

• Indawo yayo kuyinto emihle, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kancane bleached.

• Okwenziwe patina kahle. Paints ezisetshenziswa nge acrylic. izingoma ezinjalo amelana imiphumela emibi imvelo futhi ngaleyo ndlela azibizi. Okunye, udayi ezibizayo ingasetshenziswa ukwakha imikhiqizo ezincane.

• Running ebusweni ukugaya. Kulokhu, izingxenye aphumele impumuzo zigqanyisiwe, futhi kude bahlale ebumnyameni. Ngenxa yalokho, it sivuleka engalingani amathoni "patinovoe" enamathela.

• Umkhiqizo embozwe ungqimba oluvikelayo ukuvenisha noma uwoyela (zibe yizinkuni).

Aging izihloko kwachuma wanyathela kanye nokulolongwa chemical

reagents Patinated ngokuvamile asetshenziswe ekukhiqizeni imikhiqizo metal zokuhlobisa. Ukuze uthole ifilimu yizicukuthwane ezintweni ezifana ukwakhiwa, izinto eziqoshwe ngamathambo ezindlovu kanye nehele T. G. Kungasetshenziswa ezihlukahlukene amakhemikhali. Yemvelo patina esiluhlaza zethusi, ithusi kanye nethusi letigcogcwe ngaphambilini kunzima kakhulu ukukwenza. Kodwa ungathola patina ezinye imibala ezithakazelisayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngezinye izikhathi ukwelapha imikhiqizo zethusi senziwa Ukwakheka ezifana:

• isibindi sulfuric - 2.3 g;

• usawoti - 3.2 g;

• amanzi - 1 ilitha.

Lapho ukuxhumana imikhiqizo zethusi etholwe isixazululo kubo bavele elikhanyayo patina umthunzi nezimnandi grey.

Ukuze yokufakelwa ukuguga zethusi ngokuvamile izinto yomhlobiso isetshenziswa a ekwakhiweni ezifana:

• sernovatistonatrievaya usawoti (fixer ifilimu) - 60 g;

• nitric acid - 5 g

Ngenxa yalokho yokuhlanganisa lezi izithako ukuphendula eyingqabavu iqale. Umbala patina kuleli cala, kuvela cishe abamnyama. Le isixazululo uzame ukusebenzisa master ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka (esiphezulu imizuzu engu-20). Kungenjalo nje leyo ndawo ilahlekelwa impahla yayo futhi iba langakufanelekela patination.

Njengoba ubona, ngokuba ukuguga sufaka Decor imithi ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa ngempela yingozi empilweni yomuntu. Ngakho-ke ukukhiqiza patina kuphela amagilavu kanye amafasitela evuliwe.

Esebenzisa patinated ezishisayo

Lokhu ubuchwepheshe ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa womshini imikhiqizo steel amahle. Ngokwesibonelo, i-ngendlela elula kakhulu wenza burnishing. I metal ibekwe emlilweni futhi igcinwe khona kuze ububomvu. Wabe ngokushesha bacwilisa esitsheni lamafutha umshini. Ngenxa yalokho, phezu steel ebusweni Kumiswa cishe ngokushesha patinovy black scurf.

Lapha kule ndlela futhi isetshenziswa metal nezinkuni evele yokufakelwa "patina." Kuyini thina atholakala. Ngokwengxenye enkulu, i-patina yemvelo - ke ingumfanekiso ngokomzimba imikhiqizo sele idlulile solo usuku ukwakhiwa eminyaka, emakhulwini eminyaka, noma ngisho izinkulungwane zeminyaka. Uhlobo olufanayo ezahlukene yokufakelwa ukuguga ubuchwepheshe esetshenziswa okungenani womshini zonke izinhlobo izinto zokuhlobisa olungenza ingaphakathi ehloniphekayo yokuhlala ehlonishwayo.