Palace Square - enhle kunazo zonke e Saint-Petersburg

Ngokubabazekayo Palace Square phakathi namakhulu eminyaka iyindawo ebaluleke kakhulu edolobheni zikanokusho ku uMfula iNeva, nge ukuvakashelwa lapho abahambi belulekwa ukuba baqale omjwayele ongenakulibaleka nge yobuciko yezakhiwo inhlokodolobha Northern. Usawakhumbula eziningi ebaluleke kakhulu Russian State izenzakalo zomlando ezenzeka kule imihlangano endaweni nemiboniso, kanye nokwelashwa ababusi abahlukahlukene kubantu. Ngakho-ke, izivakashi ngokuvakashela eyasungulwa Petrom Sankt-Petersburg, Palace Square iyindawo ephelele ukuhamba ezizimele.

Umlando: Palace Square uvele kumephu bomuzi uMfula iNeva ekuqa- XVIII-XIX eminyaka, futhi umlando wayo kuhlehlela emuva isimemezelo ungene ngemvume 1778 by Empress uCatherine Omkhulu. Wanquma ngenhloso yokukhuphula khulula endaweni eseduze Winter Palace, futhi badonseleka ukusebenza iphrojekthi elingavamile wezakhiwo oluvelele YM Felten ke - wezakhiwo Italian KI Rossi. Felten uma kuyofikwa i arc kusukela esigodlweni, ngawo izakhiwo ezintsha ngokubabazekayo abangu bakamuva, futhi Rossi bagxila ukwakheka Ensemble yezakhiwo. Ngesikhashana nje azungezwe kwesikwele kwakhiwa Jikelele Abasebenzi kanye Guards Corps, futhi isikhungo salo yayisikhuphuka Alexander Ikholomu.

Labo abafisa ukuqonda vicissitudes yomlando Russian Palace eSt endaweni kuzosiza abafundi baqonde izigaba eziningi izincwadi. Ikakhulukazi, siyakhumbula sibhicongo esenzeka ngoJanuwari 22, 1905 futhi kufakwe umlando kazwelonke njengoba "ngeSonto Bloody." Lapha izenzakalo ezibaluleke kakhulu ngo-1917, futhi udonga kanye endaweni nezakhiwo zasendulo ezakhiwa ngaphambi Revolution uye basakhumbula Storming yesigameko Winter Palace ngo amaBolshevik.

The Ensemble yezakhiwo: zonke izivakashi Palace Square kanye ukubukeka yalo yayenziwe esiyokhunjulwa sibonga omangalisayo Alexander Ikholomu, elamiswa eduze Sasebusika njengoba lesikhumbuzo ukunqoba. Lo kholamu lihlotshaniswa ukunqoba amabutho Russian phezu uNapoleon, futhi project yakhe ngokumangalisayo, wahlakulela French yobuhlanga - umakhi Auguste Manferran. Alexander Ikholomu ukule ndawo kusukela ngo-1834, lapho abangu ngokugcwele ligcwaliswe umsebenzi indalo yayo, futhi izivakashi namanje zibabaza lesikhumbuzo ngokuvumelana 47 amamitha eliphezulu, isipikili sibalo ingelosi.

Palace Square edonsela Ongoti zangaphambi wamavukelambuso izakhiwo kanye art sibonga walondoloza zezakhiwo ezindala, okuyinto kuyofikwa ezihlukahlukene izitayela lathumela. Phakathi kwabo yakhiwe e 1762 njengoba yokuhlala eyinhloko Russian Tsars Winter Palace, phambi okuyinto izici Baroque kuyofikwa. Manje yokuhlala wangaphambili bobukhosi eyakhelwe iNdlovukazi Elizabeth, kuyinto iqoqo eliyingqayizivele lo Hermitage Museum. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi Sasebusika eziningi izivakashi kungabonwa ngasiphi isikhathi sonyaka, abafisa ukubona ezingavamile Museum izingcezu.

Engxenyeni eseningizimu yaleli lesikwele isakhiwo elimhlophe-yellow Jikelele Abasebenzi, okusikhumbuza arc, maphakathi okuyinto ihlobisa Arc de Triomphe, ebekiwe umqhele ngumuntu Quadriga okukhulu. Siqukethe uhlelo lwaleli uxhumeke nge housings ezimbili ezihlukene, futhi ngokusebenzisa khulula isikhala okubhayindiwe endaweni ulunika ukubukeka omkhulu futhi zemikhosi. Ukwakha indlunkulu main, wezakhiwo Rossi ixazululwe kahle izinkinga zasemadolobheni, ezichaza ngokucacile umngcele arcuate isikhala, sona sinikwe othe xaxa Felten.

Njengoba ngomunye futhi umsebenzi wobuciko bokwakha ungabahlukanisa Guards isakhiwo, elakhiwa ngo isitayela classicism ngasekupheleni. Ngenxa izakhiwo kokungathathi hlangothi isakhiwo ezine storey kahle phakathi baraque Winter Palace, futhi classical-isitayela ekomkhulu main.