Onkamisa ngesiRashiya

Enye kunzima kakhulu abafundi izigaba ngolimi Russian - nemisindo yamagama. Kaningi abafundi benza amaphutha kanye nokuhlaziywa ifonotiki ka amazwi, nobuntu imisindo ethile, phonemes. Kodwa ngezindlela eziningi nolwazi amafonethiki - isihluthulelo inkulumo nokubhala futhi cultured. Ngakho-ke, amehlo abaningi kufanele kukhokhelwe le nkinga, njengoba umsindo. Namuhla, sinesithakazelo kwesikwenzayo onkamisa. Izinhlamvu, lapho uqoke, njengoba kuzoxoxwa ngakho esihlokweni sethu. Musa zungeza ukunakwa thina singabantu izici jikelele kohlelo umsindo ngolimi lwethu.

Umsindo noma izinhlamvu?

Ukuze uqale nge siyowuqonda nalokho ncamashi sizobe ukuchaza kulesi sihloko. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi isiRashiya has ongwaqa kanye onkamisa. Ziningi ngisho ukulungele phikisana futhi ngeke ngesankahlu ukuvikela udaba lwawo. Kodwa ingabe kunjalo?

Eqinisweni, imisindo kuphela amenable ukuba isiRashiya ngezigaba enjalo. Izincwadi ikhonze njengomPristi uphawu ingcaca we phoneme ethile noma inhlanganisela phonemes, kanye ukhombise isici ukuphimisa umsindo. Ngakho-ke, asikwazi ukuthi lezi zincwadi onkamisa noma ongwaqa, ukushaqeka noma unstressed.

Uhlolojikelele

Qhubekisa ngokuthwebula ngqo unkamisa phonemes isici. Ulimi IsiRashiya sinamagama onkamisa eziyisithupha, nakho bachazwa 'onkamisa eziyishumi. " Ngo ukwakheka idatha umsindo okomlomo ubona umoya ekusakazeni okuhlangabezana nezithiyo endleleni yayo. Ngakho, imisindo unkamisa akhiwa kuphela amazwi. Ngokungafani ongwaqa, bangakwazi yokwelula noma ukucula. Lezi imisindo zihlanganisa lezi ezilandelayo: [a], [a], [v], [e], [futhi] [s].

Onkamisa abe nezici ezilandelayo esemqoka: Inombolo, ukuphakamisa, ukushaqeka noma isikhundla unstressed. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukwaba isici ethize njengoba labialization.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi imisindo unkamisa kukhona syllabic. Khumbula esikoleni sabaqalayo, izingane zifundiswa ukuba abone emalunga igama, ngokubala onkamisa "izinhlamvu".

Sound - ingxenye owesincane inkulumo, okuyinto nje kuphela ngendaba kumiswa amazwi, kodwa futhi kukusiza ukuba ukuhlukanisa amagama nge efanayo umsindo isakhiwo (isib, "Fox" futhi "ihlathi" kuhluke kuphela ngomunye unkamisa). Ukutadisha onkamisa nongwaqa isayensi ezifana nemisindo yamagama.

Manje ake sihlole isici ngasinye.

Ingabe ucindezelekile futhi unstressed

Asiqale nge elula futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, kusukela umbono yokukhuluma, izici. unkamisa ngasinye kungaba ukushaqeka noma unstressed. Unkamisa endaweni unstressed umsindo akwaziwa kahle kuka ukushaqeka. Njengoba ngokubhala ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isikhundla babhekisela kuyo le ncwadi. Onkamisa nomthelela incwadi kungenziwa abelwe usebenzisa nokugqamisa amamaki, esimelela ngaphezu incwadi. It is wayevame ukusebenzisa igama elithi Ukuqoka ezingavamile, ukusetshenziswa onje, kanye lwesigodi amazwi.

Futhi uzinake ukuthi unkamisa unstressed umsindo kancane ecacile futhi bangase benze njengokungathi elinye phonemes lapho eloba. Ngakho, unkamisa unaccented "o" ungakwazi kuzwakale "a" futhi "i" womsindo ukugeleza inkulumo ngokuthi "e", ngaphezu, ngezinye izikhathi unkamisa inganyamalala ngokuphelele. Lapho lokhu umbhalo lihlukile amazwi evamile ukurekhoda.

Ngokwesibonelo, igama elithi "ubisi" ku umbhalo ifonotiki angabukeka kanje:

1. [malak`o] - umbhalo e yezifundo zezikole.

2. [mlak`o] - ezifana umbhalo ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa zemfundo ephakeme kolimi. Ngena ngemvume "Y" kusho ukuthi umsindo "a" uphinyiswa emfushane nje impela, cishe ziwa amazwi yokubiza.

Phawula ukuthi enye ngobunzima Russian ulimi Isenzo onkamisa unstressed. Izincwadi zimise ukuba le ncwadi, kodwa lokhu ngesinye isikhathi esifana umsindo ezwakalayo ukuthi yakha eziningi amaphutha. Uma ungaqiniseki ngezimpendulo zeminye isipelingi onembile wegama, sebenzisa isichazamazwi ukupela uhlole isipelingi izwi ngosizo imithetho abadumile.

labialization

Ngo-Russian kukhona okuthiwa imisindo labialized - "o" futhi "u". Ezinye izinzuzo zabo futhi bangase ushayele labial. engavamile wabo itholakala lokuthi ukuthi izindebe behileleka, ukufinyelela phambili ukuphinyiselwa kwawo. Ezinye izindaba zika-unkamisa umsindo isiRashiya lesi sici akusho ifa.

Izincwadi elisho unkamisa umsindo ukuthi lesi sici, umbhalo abhalwe ngendlela efanayo njengoba imisindo ezivamile.

irowu

Ngo isiRashiya phezu Isimo ulimi emlonyeni lapho othi umsindo kukhona ezintathu uchungechunge: phambi, maphakathi kanye labaqaphi elingemuva.

Uma ingxenye eyinhloko ulimi phakathi kusho umsindo ngesikhathi ezingemuva ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo - ke (umsindo) ohlobene emgqeni ongemuva. Emgqeni ungachazwa ukuthi yokubiza onkamisa ezihlobene naso, ingxenye eyinhloko nolimi itholakala ngaphambili. Esimweni lapho yokubiza ngolimi ithatha isikhundla Lesisemkhatsini, umsindo kungokwalabo unkamisa emaphakathi.

Ukuze lokho inombolo kukhona imisindo ethile ngolimi Russian?

[A], [y] - emgqeni ongemuva;

[A], [s] - nalasemkhatsini;

[U], [e] - Front.

Njengoba ubona, kulezi zici ulula, into esemqoka - uwakhumbule. Njengoba sazi ukuthi isiRashiya akuyona onkamisa eziningi kangaka ekhanda ngezigaba ngeke kube nzima.

bavuke

Futhi, kukhona esinye futhi isici onkamisa Isimo ulimi phakathi pronunciation. Lapha, kanye Ukwahlukaniswa uchungechunge, kukhona izinhlobo ezintathu umsindo: ongaphakeme, aphakathi nendawo kanye lift okusezingeni eliphezulu.

Lesi sici uyakucabangela yokuma ulimi ngokumelene ulwanga. Uma yokubiza ulimi eduze ngangokunokwenzeka kuyo, umsindo unkamisa libhekisela bephakamisa engenhla, uma itholakala isikhundla ezikude kakhulu kusukela ulwanga ke aphansi. Uma ulimi usesimweni Lesisemkhatsini, likhuluma unkamisa umsindo we kuphakamisa isilinganiso.

Nquma ukuthi iziphi bakhulisa onkamisa of isiRashiya:

[A] - aphansi;

[E], [mayelana] - isilinganiso;

[Futhi] [s] [v] - phezulu.

Lesi sici futhi ngezigaba nakho kungaba lula impela ukukhumbula.

Ukufaniswa imisindo izincwadi

Njengoba sekushiwo, unkamisa eziyisithupha kuphela umsindo, kodwa loniketwe emandla ngembhalo izinhlamvu eziyishumi. Ake sixoxe ngalokho izinhlamvu onkamisa khona isiRashiya.

Umsindo [a] luyakwazi izincwadi ezilandelayo: "a", "Mina" (mkhombe [ya]). Ngokuphathelene phoneme [a], khona-ke incwadi yena ukubizwa ngokuthi "o" futhi "e" (mkhombe [yo]). Labialized [y] Ungase futhi sidlule ezimbili izinhlamvu "y" futhi "w" (mkhombe [dy]). I Kungashiwo okufanayo mayelana umsindo [e] kungase wabhekisela ezincwadini "e" futhi "e" (mkhombe [ye]).

Labo abasele abanga-audio ezimbili [u] kanye no- [s] lisho incwadi eyodwa kuphela - "i" futhi "s" ngokulandelana. Yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi onkamisa a, o, u, i, e, w, e, f, futhi s.

I-oda umbhalo

Abafundi abaningi, futhi abafundi baseyunivesithi, futhi, kufanele ubhekane imisebenzi efana amazwi ukuguqulela. Cabanga algorithm, ukugxila izici onkamisa.

Order of imisebenzi yalolu hlobo simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

1. Bhala izwi kwindlela Kuphiwe kini.

2. Ngokulandelayo, qiniseka ukuthola ukuthi yini izinhlamvu "onkamisa" futhi yiliphi uyozisola. Okungukuthi, udinga ungagxili.

3. Hlukanisa izwi ku amaqoqo ezinhlamvu. Kulesi sonke unkamisa efanayo umsindo.

4. Bhala umbhalo ifonotiki yegama, kucatshangelwa isimo njengoba unkamisa nemisindo ungwaqa ekukhulumeni, yokwahluka yawo (isb, isikhundla unstressed [a] kungase kuzwakale [a]).

5. Bhala ikholomu zonke izinhlamvu.

6. Thola ukuthi yimuphi umsindo noma imisindo schetanie lisho eyodwa noma enye incwadi, bese ubhala idatha ku okuphambene ikholomu.

7 uchaza izici umsindo. Lapha sibona kayikuhlala phezu ongwaqa isici, onkamisa otanovimsya kuphela. Ngo isiko isikole umsindo kuphela kubonisa isihlobo isikhundla ukucindezeleka (ukushaqeka noma unstressed). Le nyuvesi at ikhono philological ngaphezu kwalokho ikhomba inombolo futhi ukuphakama, kanye khona labialization umsindo.

8. Isinyathelo sokugcina - ukubala inani izinhlamvu umsindo ukuhlaziya izwi.

Njengoba ubona, lutho nzima. Uma ukungabaza umbhalo, kungaba njalo ihlolwe kanye isichazamazwi usizo ukuphinyiselwa.

okutholakele

Ngo isiRashiya kukhona eziyisithupha imisindo, okuyinto zivumelana nencwadi izinhlamvu eziyishumi zamagama. Lezi imisindo, kanye nezinye phonemes kutitini tekwakha kuyiphi zakhiwa amayunithi lucebe. Kuyinto sibonga umsindo thina Hlukanisa emkhatsini wemagama, njengoba kungaba ukuhlanekezela ushintsho ngisho umsindo owodwa kanye nencazelo yabo ukuze ujike ibe amathokheni ehluke ngokuphelele.

Ngakho, safunda "uhlamvu" onkamisa: ecindezelekile futhi unstressed, labialized. Found ukuthi unkamisa ngamunye sinezici ezifana nenombolo futhi kuyakha, safunda ukwenza umbhalo ifonotiki. Futhi, siyathola ukuthi izifundo zesayensi onkamisa.

Sithemba ukuthi lokhu impahla kuyoba usizo hhayi kuphela abafundi, kodwa futhi abafundi of ubuhlakani philological.