Nokuvikela abongazimbi e lobugebengu ekuqhutshweni. Kangakanani ukuvikelwa kofakazi futhi izisulu,

Nokuvikela abongazimbi kanye nofakazi - omunye sezimiso ezibaluleke kakhulu eenkambisweni zobulelesi. Kulesi sihloko, buzakuvezwa ngokuningiliziwe.

Kube nesisekelo esingokomthetho sokuthethelela ukuvikelwa

Isiphi isisekelo yomthetho ngaphansi kwesivikelo isisulu ufakazi e zobulelesi? Ngqo isidingo sokuvikela izihloko ngazinye Criminal Procedure Code, kanye nenombolo ye-Federal Law 119 ka 2004. Kuyinto kuphrojekthi yokugcina futhi lelipelwe lonke ulwazi olufanele kudingeka ucabangele inkantolo ukuze kuvikeleke abantu.

Kufanele basho omunye incwadi ebalulekile. Lesi sinqumo se-inombolo Supreme Court 17 ka 2010. Ngakho, idokhumenti ethulwa ulawula isidingo kute endlulise umlayeto bonke etinkantolo letiphansi ku isicelo, ezimweni ezithile, eziningi izinyathelo ukuvikelwa kanye nokuhlinzekwa nokuvikeleka izisulu kanye nofakazi. Lesi sicelo kufanele senziwe cishe zonke emacaleni obugebengu.

Ngakho, ukuvikelwa kofakazi kanye izisulu - kunzima kakhulu inqubo eside ngokungenakulinganiswa neyinkimbinkimbi ngokungaphezulu, okuyinto enkulu nesisekelo esingokomthetho.

Izinyathelo zokuphepha: iqembu lokuqala

Khuluma mayelana nesicelo of izinyathelo eziyisisekelo nokuphepha ngokuphathelene abantu avikelwe kumele zisekelwe izihloko eziyisithupha yomthetho kahulumeni elihambisana. Kuyinto lesi senzo normative ulawula emasu lasisekelo ekwetfula ukuthi singasetshenziswa maqondana yisisulu noma ufakazi. Lapha, osebenza lapha:

• bezindawo kanye zokuhlala ngaphansi kwesivikelo siqu;
• olungisiwe isibopho isixwayiso izimo eziyingozi, ekhishwe siqu imishini zokuzivikela;
• onogada babe lonke ulwazi oludingekayo mayelana umuntu evikelwe;
• Ukuqinisekisa ukuba yimfihlo kolwazi oluthile.

Ukuvikelwa kofakazi kanye izisulu ingase iphakamise nezinye izinyathelo ngaphezulu "olukhulu":

• izinguquko imibhalo;
• ukudlulisela komunye indawo yokuhlala;
• izinguquko idatha yangaphandle ivikelwe;
• ekushintsheni zokusebenza noma inqubo yokufunda, kanye nendawo;
• ngabodwa endaweni ephephile futhi ezinye izindlela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kwembule kabanzi amaqembu izinyathelo esingase sisetshenziswe igunya zokwahlulela ngokuhambisana uMthetho Federal # 119 kanye Nekhodi Criminal Procedure.

Ukuphepha: iqembu lesibili

Ukuze Ukuvikelwa eliphezulu zezisulu kanye nofakazi Kuye kwanikezwa, umphenyi unelungelo hhayi ukudalula ulwazi mayelana ungubani yabo protocol. Ngaphansi isimiso esifanayo ungathola eduze nomndeni evikelwe. Nokho, kuhle ukucabangela ukuthi inqubo enjalo asikwazi eyenziwa ngaphandle kokukhipha isaziso salokho kusenesikhathi futhi wamqinisekisa yijaji (Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi zonke izinqubo esizayo maqondana lezibizo izosetshenziswa ivikelwe).

Umseshi lingakhetha uhlelo ukulalela ngocingo namanye izingxoxo phakathi abantu avikelwe nezinye. Ingabe kudingekile, izinyathelo ezinjalo ngokuvamile kuphela icala uma kukhona usongo ecacile impango nokuhuheka noma udlame olubhekiswe isisulu noma ofakazi.

Ukuvikelwa kofakazi kanye izisulu ingase futhi ucabange kwale mibandela elandelayo:

• ukuzwa avaliwe;
• Njengoba ngiphenywa ngemibuzo, ngicashela abantu okungagunyaziwe;
• ukudlulisa leli cala enkantolo yezempi (ngemvume Attorney General, bese kuphela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu).

iziphathimandla Ukuvikelwa

Umthetho Federal oshiwo ngenhla ulawula ukunqunywa ukuvikelwa kofakazi kanye izisulu ukuba izigameko ezithile. Lokho kungase kube ngenxa iziphathimandla? Bakwenze kanjani isinqumo nge-inqubo enjalo, njengoba nokuvikela abongazimbi bobulelesi?

Umthetho uthi kukhona ncamashi amaqembu amabili emizimbeni, okuyinto kudingeka ukuba umshado ukuvikela. Iqembu lokuqala - iziphathimandla ukuthatha isinqumo esifanele. Lokhu kungabandakanya yijaji (noma inkantolo uqobo), inhloko yomnyango uphenyo, abaphenyi, amakhanda zemizimba yophenyo kanye nabanye abantu abathile (noma izimo). Iqembu lesibili - igunya ukubhekana ekuqalisweni osheshayo of izinyathelo zokuvikeleka. Kuwufanele ukugqamisa:

• FSB izitho;
• ukulawula izitho lokushushumbisa e izidakamizwa kanye izinto psychotropic;
• amayunithi lempi, umyalo amayunithi empi;
• uhlelo lokujeziswa;
• umsizi wesikhonzi senkantolo;
• nezinye zikahulumeni.

Ngakho, umklamo kanye nokuqaliswa Ukuvikelwa bekulokhu ngempela inqwaba izimo ezihlukahlukene.

I-oda yokuvikela

yaqaphela kanjani isivikelo esimweni lofakazi futhi izisulu? umthetho Federal usetha izinyathelo eziningana specific umsebenzi izindikimba efanele. Ngakho, into yokuqala okufanele niyenze ukuqoqa izitatimende okubhaliwe kusukela Ngokuzayo ukuvikela. Ngokwemvelo, ngaphandle kwemvume izisulu kanye nofakazi ukuqala umsebenzi Ukuvikelwa yabo ngeke isebenze.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, la magunya kufanele uhlole okufakiwe isicelo sabo ukuze sithole isivikelo. Sinikeza kubo lokhu ncamashi izinsuku ezintathu. Kumele kube qualitatively uhlola izimbangela isicelo. Kuphela ngemva kwalokho ukwenqaba noma kwemvume. Futhi eqinisweni, futhi kuzo zombili izimo kumelwe kwenziwe isitatimende ezicatshangisisiwe. Ngakho, uma imvume unikezwa ke ikhophi isicelo amahlamvu ngekusasa lophiko elivikelwe umuntu. Ekugcineni, ngemva zonke wamaphepha okumele agcwaliswe, iziphathimandla sebeqala ukulungiselela lo izinyathelo zokuvikeleka abakhethiwe.

Yeka indlela abaphumelela kahle uye kwenzelwa ukuvikela izisulu kanye nofakazi ku Russian Federation? Imibono ngalolu daba kuhluke. Ngokwemvelo, iziphathimandla zikhuluma uzidumisile. Ochwepheshe bathi futhi mshini Ukuvikelwa namanje sikude kakhulu nokuphelela.

Izimiso zokuvikelwa

Awukwazi miss okuqukethwe kwe-athikili wesine yomthetho kahulumeni elihambisana. Kuyinto kulesi sihloko libhekisela ezimisweni eziyisisekelo lapho ukwakhiwa kanye nokuvikela abongazimbi eenkambisweni zobulelesi. Gqamisa lapha kungaba lokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukuvikelwa State lusekelwe izimiso kusemthethweni; ngakho, ngayinye nto, ngoba inqubo ngamunye, kukhona isihloko ehlukile noma isahluko kule mithetho;
• ke kuba isibopho kufanele ahloniphe isimiso inkululeko amalungelo noma yisiphi isakhamuzi we Russian Federation;
• It usungula isimiso kwesisekelo iziphathimandla;
• Ukuvikelwa kwamalungelo izisulu 'ayikwazi elizosetshenziswa ngaphandle kwesiqondiso umshushisi ekhethekile yomphakathi nokulawula;
• sebenzisa izindlela zokuphepha akufanele neze kwenze umuntu ukugxambukela emsebenzini, ekutholeni izindlu, impesheni, noma kunoma iyiphi enye amalungelo abantu wokuvikela.

Laba yibo bonke izimiso ukuthi sinquma umthetho kahulumeni efanele.

Amalungelo nezibopho abantu evikelwe

Siye kakade kutjelwa oda kwezitho, okuyinto obekufanele babe isivikelo kubantu abathile. Manje kubalulekile ukutshela mayelana okuqukethwe yiSigaba 23 zoMthetho Federal №119 ka 2004. Kuyinto kulesi sihloko liyakhuluma ngokuphela zamalungelo neembopho abantu wokuvikela. Lapha, osebenza ku uhlu imithetho:

• ukuqaphela amalungelo abo;
• imfuneko wokulondeka komuntu siqu kanye nempahla;
• nezidingo ababasekelayo (akusebenzi kuzo zonke izimo);
• Ifuna ukuthotshelwa izindlela zokuphepha ezengeziwe;
• PlayEND_LINK_TAG izinqumo iziphathimandla ezithile enkantolo;
• efuna usizo ngokwengqondo.

On Imisebenzi kufanele basho lokhu okulandelayo:

• ukukhishwa nasici izimfuno esisemthethweni iziphathimandla ukuhlinzeka ukuphepha;
• ukwazisa iziphathimandla ezifanele mayelana usongo;
• kulondolozwa imfihlo wathola;
• nezimfuneko kwemithetho kahulumeni kanye nezinye izenzo normative.

Ngakho, umthetho phezu nokuvikela abongazimbi kanye nofakazi ulawula eziningana impela nezibopho namalungelo evikelwe ngokwabo.

umthwalo

Isahluko 5 ubheka zoMthetho Federal ulawula izakhi eziyisisekelo umthwalo ukuthi kungenzeka ngokwephulwa yezenzo yokuvikela. Isibopho isezandleni kokubili elisemthethweni kanye evikelwe kakhulu.

Isigaba 25 yoMthetho inikeza isiphathiswa ethile unecala eliphansi ukuqaliswa kwe-ukuzivikela esimweni, unesibopho ngaphansi Criminal Code. Isigaba 26 sisungula isilinganiso eziyisisekelo umthwalo ukudalulwa kolwazi ngomuntu evikelwe. Kulokhu, ukuvikelwa isimo izisulu kusikisela ukunqunywa of icala ku lomuntu evikelwe kakhulu. Ngakho, kungase wamisa icala afanele, uma isakhamuzi ufuna ukuthengisa, pawn, sidalule noma sidalule yonke impahla ukuthi yanikwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha.

Ngakho, nokuvikela abongazimbi e icala lobugebengu liye - inqubo kunalokho sina futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Material nemali ukuze kuvikeleke

nokuvikela abongazimbi eenkambisweni zobulelesi ayikwazi eyenziwa ngaphandle ukusekelwa ngokwezimali, lobuchwepheshe noma izinto ezifanele. Isigaba 28 zoMthetho Federal olucutshungulwayo ubonisa ukuthi ukuthengwa zonke impahla edingekayo ngezithukuthuku kwezimali zomphakathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo control ukuthengwa lobuchwepheshe imishini edingekayo ukuze zezokuvikela isitho uhlelo. Okubaluleke kakhulu, kuyafaneleka - kuyinto ukungabi nakwenzeka kwento Ukubeka evikelwe umuntu izindleko. uhlelo ezinjalo, njengoba nokuvikela abongazimbi ubugebengu kuhilela ukuthengwa zonke impahla edingekayo kuphela ngezithukuthuku isabelomali isimo. Yingakho noma yiziphi izicelo zezimali noma izimfuno ezingemukeleki kusukela iziphathimandla ukuzivikela ngeke kwakufanele kubhekwe njengokungekho emthethweni.