Ngonyaka omusha ikhalenda Chinese.

Unyaka omusha ekhalendeni Chinese isenzakalo esibaluleke kakhulu kwezenhlalo nezomnotho ngonyaka zonke Chinese ethnic abantu we kwamanye amazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Kujwayele ewela yesibili inyanga entsha emva ngenjikalanga yasebusika, esikhathini kusuka 21 Januwari kuya 21 Februwari. Iqala phakathi ngenyanga yeshumi nambili, lapho ilanga ingena umlaza i-Aquarius futhi uphela maphakathi ngenyanga yokuqala ne inyanga egcwele. Ezimweni ezingavamile, (ezengeziwe ngenyanga nantathu ngonyaka odlule) usuku ekuqaleni konyaka lithuthela eyesithathu inyanga entsha emva ngenjikalanga yasebusika.

I lasendulo ikhalenda IsiShayina (inguqulo oyinyanga-solar), okuyinto esekelwe Chinese New Year, lalisetshenziswa njengesiqondiso nokugcina amandla dynastic, wasebenzisa igunya ekuphileni okungokwenkolo kwabantu kanye nomphakathi. Oracle amathambo ukuba isayensi yezinkanyezi abonisa nokuthi likhona okungenani emuva njengoba nane ekhulwini BC, phakathi nesikhathi Shang isimo (Yin). Limelela kwakha isimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi, lapho izinsuku kubalwa ngokuhambisana inyanga izigaba, solstices, ngothi i-equinox. Izinyanga asethwe ngokuvumelana imijikelezo kwenyanga engu-- ngokuvumelana bonyaka. Izinyanga ukufanisa isizini, kukhona inyanga eyengeziwe. Umqondo yin ne-yang kuyinto isimiso esibalulekile, ukwakha izwe obunobunye it is kuhlanganiswe uhlelo lwezinkanyezi. unyaka omusha ngamunye ekhalendeni Chinese izici ngelinye lamagama ezilwane ezingu zezinkanyezi nambili kumakwe.

Isici esibalulekile ngonyaka-ayisithupha "Jovian" umjikelezo esekelwe inhlanganisela "iziqu zasezulwini" eziyishumi (idesimali-umjikelezo) kanye "amagatsha eliwumhlaba" nambili (duodecimal umjikelezo). Designated 60-Tew imigomo yelizwi amathambo Shang Dynasty, lalisetshenziselwa ukuqoshwa izinsuku. Kusukela ngekhulu lesithathu BC, uthome ekulobeni iminyaka, abe kuyingxenye ebalulekile ikhalenda izinhlelo, hhayi kuphela e-China kodwa futhi kwamanye amazwe Asian - ikakhulukazi eJapane, eKorea nase-Vietnam. Inhlanganisela "waseZulwini Okushukunyiswa" futhi "amagatsha yasemhlabeni" zakha igama unyaka ngamunye ekhalendeni empumalanga. Nakuba indlela evamile izinsuku ezibalelwa futhi iminyaka alibalulekile e nombono wanamuhla we sikhathi, udlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ukubhula ngezinkanyezi nokulumba.

Nge ukwamukelwa of ikhalenda likaGregory ngo-1912, China wajoyina ukugubha uNyaka Omusha lokuqala luka-January, futhi bendabuko Unyaka omusha wabizwa ngokuthi i-Spring Festival. Imigubho main zenzeke ngosuku olwandulela iholide, lapho imikhaya libuthanela isidlo eqotho; ngosuku lokuqala onyakeni omusha, uma abantu bavakashela emathempelini endawo ukuba bathandazele ukuchuma futhi sikufisela inhlanhla, abangane nezihlobo hamba ukuvakashela nomunye kanye siyakuhalalisela nezipho; ngosuku lweshumi nanhlanu (elokugcina), lapho izibani mkhosi ubizwa aphethwe.

ngonyaka omusha ikhalenda Chinese, akungabazeki, lowo mkhosi omkhulu kakhulu futhi esikhulu kunazo zonke "amasonto osemqoka" ezintathu (omunye usuku kazwelonke Golden Iviki liqala ngaphambi nangemva lokuqala Okthoba, kanti eyesithathu ihlanganisa yokuqala ka-May, ezaqedwa ngo-2007). "Isonto Golden" kusho ukuthi abantu babe izinsuku ezintathu amaholide ezikhokhelwayo ngezimpelasonto kabusha ukuze abasebenzi ukuphumula izinsuku eyisikhombisa ilandelana kuzo zonke izinkampani Chinese.

Gala kwakusihlwa ngosuku olwandulela unyaka omusha, okuthiwa "sihlangane kwakusihlwa", kufanele sifake inkukhu (noma duck) nenhlanzi. Imenyu kusekelwe ubuciko benkulumo enomqondo ofanayo. Ngokwesibonelo, amazwi izinhlanzi nokuchichima e umsindo Chinese like "yu" (kuphela abhalwe izinhlamvu ezahlukene), inkulumo ethi "ngophethe ngophethe yu yu" (kusuka onyakeni owodwa ukudla inhlanzi) kuyinto ibinzana homophone "meynyan Julia Zhun" (enze inzuzo njalo ngonyaka). Liphinde akhethiwe, kanye neminye imikhiqizo. Ukholo liqukethe yokuthi, njengoba igama imikhiqizo uvumelane ngamazwi evumayo, khona eyodwa phambili kuze kube komunye. Okubaluleke nakakhulu ukulondoloza ubuqotho inqubo ukupheka, ngakho duck, inkukhu, inhlanzi okuphekiwe lonke.

ngonyaka omusha ikhalenda empumalanga - kungcono ezimibalabala, ngezimpawu, bajabule kakhulu ukuya. Phakathi kwamabili ngo-amasonto uqale ukushaya izinsimbi. Ngemva amahora ayishumi nambili ukuqalisa iziqhumane, okuyinto ngokomfanekiso okubi imimoya distilled. Kukholakala ukuthi lowo owaqala uqalise iziqhumane, kuyodingeka inhlanhla unyaka wonke.

Dragons wenza kusukela papier-Mache, embozwe usilika red negolide, ngezinye izikhathi eziyikhulu namashumi budze - Imfanelo esisemqoka holidi. Omunye dragon kungaba ukuthwala abantu amathathu, futhi ukubukeka kwazo kuhambisana sidilize of izigubhu, amasimbali gongs. umbala obomvu - umbala ufanekisela injabulo ephezulu ngesikhathi iholide.

Abaningi wamasiko emasikweni Spring Festival linomlando omude. ukuhlaziywa Deep oluningilizayo lubonisa ukuthi inqubo yamasiko elihlobene ne-iholide, kwadingeka umsebenzi kwezenhlalo, ngisho noma manje angithi zisobala. Ngakho, unyaka omusha ekhalendeni Chinese kuwuhlobo ukudluliselwa nakumasiko ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane, ukhanyisa amagugu kanye nezifiso zabantu Chinese.