Ngolwazi oluphelele - yilokhu ukuthini?

Omunye imiqondo eyisisekelo computer science - Ulwazi. Kuze kube manje, akukho definition eyodwa umqondo. Kodwa wabonisa ngokucacile ukuthi singobani izakhiwo ezinkulu zolwazi - ekuqondeni, ukuphelela, ukuhambisana nesikhathi, iwusizo, umnqopho kanye nabanye. Yizo ezinquma izinga ulwazi kanye elichaza ke. Zonke izakhiwo siye ohlwini kumane subjective futhi ancike nezidingo umuntu noma olunye ulwazi.

Kuyini Imininingwane

Ukufingqa - umqondo kunalokho abstract okuyinto ayinayo ngqo, definition isilungisiwe. Igama elithi livela informatio Latin, okuhunyushwa ngesiRashiya njengoba ulwazi noma ukucaciseleka.

Igama elithi "ikhompyutha" kuyinto sesethi yamanani ezenzeka umongo. Kuze kube manje, ososayensi baye athuthukile incazelo eyodwa eside. Ngakho, ngo-W. Schneider uveza ukuthi kukhona izincazelo angaphezu kuka-400 letisebenta emikhakheni ehlukahlukene ulwazi.

Umqondo computer science kungenziwa ayisesemikhulu ngokunikeza incazelo elandelayo - ulwazi noma idatha enikeziwe kunoma yiluphi uhlobo - komlomo, okubhalwa phansi, electronic, eyingqopha; sebuningini idatha aqoshiwe kwi konemimoya ngokomzimba; ukulondolozwa kanye nokusabalalisa idatha.

Umqondo Imininingwane bahlinza ezihlukahlukene isayensi, ezifana ulwazi ithiyori, cybernetics, semiotics, imfundiso yokuziphendukela zokuxhumana nowonk 'uwonke, computer science nakwezomnotho. Ngamunye wabo ekhetha ulimi echaza kakhulu ngokunembile ukusetshenziswa kolwazi kule ndawo ubuchwepheshe.

Ngokulandelayo, sicabanga hhayi kuphela izinhlobo zolwazi kanye nokusebenza kuwo, kodwa esiyinhloko izinga izici zayo. Imininingwane kakhulu lesakhiwo, ukuphelela okuzoxoxwa ngayo. Izibonelo ngamunye izici kuyoba elula kakhulu futhi ecacile, kuyokusiza ukuba uqonde okushiwo yilowo nalowo kubo.

izinhlobo zolwazi

Kuye nenqubo, ulwazi kungenziwa ihlukaniswa ngokweminyaka inqubo okuqonda, ukuvela emkhakheni futhi uhlobo isethulo injongo.

Kuye mode Imininingwane bezibona angawodwa ezibukwayo, sokuzwa, ethintekayo, olfactory ukunambitheka.

Esifundeni nesenzakalo - the aphansi, begazi futhi nomphakathi.

Ngokusho ngendlela isethulo futhi ukulungisa - umbhalo, zezinombolo, sokuqhafaza, alalelwayo, imoto.

Njengoba okuhloswe - okukhulu, okungenxa yezimo ezikhethekile, siqu, ezenhlalo, kwezibalo.

Lena akuyona uhlu oluphelele ngeengaba, eqinisweni angaphezu kakhulu. Sinike kuphela ayinhloko.

ukusebenza phezu Imininingwane

Ngokuhamba ulwazi, kungakhathaliseki uhlobo yayo, kungenzeka ukwenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene. Cabanga ayinhloko:

1. Collection noma ukuqongelela ulwazi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphelela kwalo, ukunemba kanye Ukwenza.
2. Ukuhlunga - ufune imininingwane engadingekile. Ngokwesibonelo, ukucophelela kanye ulwazi - lokhu ingenye izakhiwo zalo eziyisisekelo. Uma ulwazi wathola ayihambisani kubo, kungaba kubhekwe engadingekile futhi zisuswe.
3. Vikela Ukwaziswa - ukuvimbela ukulahleka, ukuguqulwa, ukusetshenziswa okungagunyaziwe idatha.
4. Ukuguqulwa - ushintsho endleleni idatha. Ngokwesibonelo, umbhalo umelwe etafuleni noma ishadi, esikhishwayo.

Imininingwane impahla Eziyisisekelo

Njenganoma iyiphi enye into, ulwazi has izici zayo siqu kanye izakhiwo. Ngakho, izici eziyinhloko - kuyinto ukunemba, nokwanela, umnqopho, ukutholakala, ukunemba, ukuphelela kolwazi. Bakhomba izinga idatha, ubukhulu ukwenza ngokuvumelana nezidingo eqenjini elithile labantu.

Okulandelayo sihlaziya ngamunye ngokuningiliziwe futhi unike nezibonelo kufinyeleleke futhi eqondakalayo.

umnqopho

Umnqopho Imininingwane - yedatha ezimele kwemibono womuntu noma unembeza, izindlela sokulungiselela. Kunalokhu oyikho inhloso, athembeke kakhulu.

Ngokwesibonelo, ulwazi olubonakalayo, eqoshiwe usebenzisa isithombe umgomo okungaphezu kwalokho edonswa umculi. Noma intuthuko ngaphandle sezulu. Ngakho, ulwazi efudumele ngaphandle - kuyinto subjective, kodwa imininingwane lokho thermometer libonisa 24 degrees Celsius, has umgomo.

On impahla kuthintwa yokuthi ngabe idatha badabula bezibona subjective lomuntu noma cha, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amaqiniso noma ezizathwini babe.

ekugcwaleni

Ngolwazi oluphelele - isilinganiso okhombisa nezinga nokwanela idatha ikhambi yenkinga. He is isihlobo kakhulu, njengoba kulinganiswe kanjani lolu lwazi kungasiza ekuxazululeni inkinga ethile. Uma ulwazi olwanele lokwenza isinqumo esifanele - kuqedile. Uma kungenjalo, khona-ke ukusetshenziswa kwaso ngeke nilingenise umphumela oyifunayo.

Lapho ephelele idatha, kulapho umuntu amasu etholakalayo ukuxazulula inkinga, ngokushesha uyokwazi ukukhetha ilungile futhi ukuxazulula inkinga yakho. Ulwazi olungaphelele futhi kungaholela izinqumo ezingalungile, iziphetho.

Cabanga, kungase kube ukuphelela ebalulekile ulwazi kunoma isiphi isimo. Izibonelo kungenzeka kanje. On TV ukukhombisa isimo sezulu, kodwa kuphela ukuthi izinga lokushisa ngaphandle uzobe +25 ntambama. Kulokhu, lo ummemezeli akasho noma libalele noma liguqubele ukuthi imvula. Ukwaziswa okunjalo kungathembeki. On osekelwe kuyo umbukeli anganquma ukuthi uthathe i-umbrella futhi ekugcineni sabanjwa imvula.

Isibonelo sesibili: abafundi batshelwa ukuthi ukuhlolwa kuyoba ngoLwesibili, kodwa kuncike awuzange okuthiwa. idatha esinjalo akwanele ukuxazulula le nkinga.

Ngenjongo ukuphelela kolwazi udinga ukuqoqa idatha okukhulu kanye ukuhlunga nabo, uthole ekugcineni ulwazi oluphelele kakhulu ukuthi ingasetshenziswa umsebenzi.

ukuthembeka

Ukunemba ulwazi - ubuqotho bakhe, amaqiniso iqiniso.

Imininingwane okunokwethenjelwa kusekelwe letinemaciniso, ulwazi inhloso. Ukuphelela nokushaya emhloleni ulwazi zihlobe-, kusukela selwazi kungase kube okungaqondile. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho abanye esikhoselweni Imininingwane amaqiniso akulona iqiniso. Lokhu kungenxa ukuthembeka zindlela:

- ukungabi khona ukuhlanekezela izinto, zamanga futhi idatha engaphelele.

- inkulumo intelligibility (kokungathembeki inqubo).

Izizathu kungathembeki ulwazi ukuthi kungathiwa lo njalo nazo kakhulu: ukufiphala kwentiwe ngemabomu (ekuqaleni ekuchazweni ukuhlanekezela ngenxa umsindo), futhi ngenhloso - ulwazi olunganembile, amaphutha idatha bamba, wafihla imininingwane ebalulekile.

Ukuhambisana nesikhathi

Ukuhlobana Imininingwane - ngezinga elingakanani esithile ulwazi wathola, ngesikhathi ulwazi etholakale.

Ngokwesibonelo, ukuthatha zonke okufanayo sezulu. Kusasa noma ngeviki elizayo kuyoba efanele kithi ngoba kuyokusiza ukuba akhethe izingubo efanele, mhlawumbe ukulungisa izinhlelo zabo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isibikezelo izolo noma isonto eledlule asihlobene kithi, njengoba akusho ayibalulekile, ngoba lolu lwazi lutholakala sekwedlule isikhathi, hhayi ngenjongo isikhathi esinaso.

Kodwa kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi, kuncike izinjongo, asihlobene Imininingwane abanye abantu kungenzeka efanele for the ezinye. Ngakho, ukudalulwa ubugebengu ezimweni ezithile, izimo zezulu ngosuku ekwebeni noma ukubulala kungenzeka ukhiye.

Ngakho, izindawo kolwazi - ukuphelela, ukuhlobana nokwethembeka - kubalulekile ekuxazululeni izinkinga.

eseyintsha

Imininingwane kufanele ulethe okuthile okusha ekuqondeni ubunjalo noma into. Kukholakala ukuthi ngaphansi kufanele kuphela kusho Imininingwane esingazuzisa umuntu ukunikeza ulwazi mayelana into entsha.

Ngokuvamile, akuyona yonke lezazi lokhu impahla kumelwe for ulwazi. Ulwazi impahla isiba eseyintsha Kuleso simo, uma idatha kunoma iyiphi izifundo ezintsha, izenzakalo, izenzakalo emhlabeni. Ngokwesibonelo, imiphumela Imininingwane yokhetho has ubusha, kepha kuphela isikhathi esifushane.

iwusizo

Okusetshenziswayo noma ukubaluleka ulwazi esikalini maqondana nezidingo elilodwa noma kwenye abathengi, izinkinga zingaxazululwa ngosizo wayo. Ulwazi olubalulekile - eyigugu kakhulu.

Ngokwesibonelo, abantu abanomzimba ongezwani nezinto ezithile idatha ezibalulekile ukubunjwa umkhiqizo. Ukuze broker noma umnikazi - isimo umnotho ngesikhathi esithile. Ukunemba, ukuhambisana nesikhathi, ukuphelela kolwazi - kuyisihluthulelo angasetshenziswa, isiqinisekiso sokuthi kungasiza umuntu akwazi ukuxazulula inkinga phambi kwabo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.

ezanele

Amandla okwenza - afana kulindeleke Imininingwane okuqukethwe afanayo into ukuboniswa noma mkhuba. nokwanela sekukonke - umqondo afana umnqopho ulwazi futhi linokwethenjelwa.

Njengoba isibonelo, i-nokwanela ulwazi. On umbuzo umbala amahlamvu, umuntu obhekene - oluhlaza. Uma impendulo blue, black, amahlamvu round, nokunye. E., Ulwazi etholakale ayikwazi kubhekwe ezanele. Ngakho, nokwanela ulwazi - ilungile, impendulo esingayethemba kulo mbuzo.

ukutholakala

Ukutholakala - ikhono lokuthola ulwazi oluthile, ukuze kube phezu uchungechunge imisebenzi, okuhlanganisa kokuyifunda, uhlele bese ukopisha ke ukusebenzisa ukuxazulula izinkinga, idatha entsha.

Izibonelo eziyisisekelo ulwazi olutholakala nokugcwala nokuqukethwe kwalo - zincwadi ziphakathi kokulandisa okuvelele, izifundo, zichazwe encwadini idatha, ulwazi mayelana imvelo.

Ngokwezinga elithile, singaxoxa ukutholakala zezombusazwe futhi mayelana ulwazi kwezomnotho ngokukhethekile umphakathi uwonke, kodwa xoxa ngayo ukugcwala akunangqondo njalo.

Esinye isibonelo esiphawulekayo ukutholakala kolwazi kungaba incwadi ebhaliwe ulimi lwabaningi babantu base umuntu. Kodwa uma unyatheliswa olunye ulimi, umuntu elingajwayelekile, khona ukutholakala ulwazi ezikuyo engasakwazi ukukhuluma.

okutholakele

Kuze kube manje, akukho definition olulodwa ulwazi eside. Esinye nesinye isigaba sifaka yolwazi, njalo usosayensi ithuthukisa umqondo wakhe ngoba leli gama. Ngokuvamile, ulwazi - kuyinto okubonisa, banezimfanelo eziningi izakhiwo ezithile.

A ulwazi oluphelele - lokhu ingenye izakhiwo zalo eziyisisekelo. Ngikanye naye uqokomisa ukubaluleka, ukuthembeka, ukutholakala, umnqopho, Umbuso indawo. Lezi izindawo kukhona subjective kakhulu, kwezinye izimo, ngisho ngaphandle kokubonisana nomkayo.