Ngaluphi ulimi amaRoma wathi: yamaGreki asendulo noma isi-Latin?

ERoma lasendulo kwaba ezimele, isiko esiyingqayizivele nempucuko. Wayemelela esigabeni sokugcina endulo. AmaGreki asendulo enza khona umnikelo omkhulu ekuthuthukiseni isimo. Kodwa ulimi olukhulunywa abaseRoma, emhlabeni ukuthi baye balandela amaGreki? imithombo eminingi libike ukuthi lokhu kwaba ulimi abantu Latin. Siyini isizathu, zama ukuqonda.

amandla Multilingual

Uhulumeni ulimi wonke uMbuso WamaRoma zaziziqhenya zesiGreki nesiLatin. Ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zilimi ezimbili yombuso waseRoma kwadingeka izizathu womhlaba futhi zisebenza kahle. Ezindaweni entshonalanga yezwe uthanda Latin, empumalanga - Greek. Kamuva lokhu kuphakanyiswa kuye kwaholela kwemihlambi umbuso.

Ngaluphi ulimi amaRoma wathi, futhi kungani? Lapho yombuso wamaRoma uchume, abantu kusukela zezentengiselwano ephakeme wazama ukufunda kokubili izilimi ezisemthethweni. Kwezinye izifunda, inkulumo yeningi kwetilwimi tendzabuko, ezifana Celtic. Ngakho, i-Latin nolimi YesiGreki eduze ukuxhumana nomunye, ikakhulukazi phezu Balkan Peninsula, eSicily, eningizimu ye-Italy.

Uncamela isiGreki

AmaRoma asendulo, okokuqala - izindlalifa ukukhanyiselwa ngesiGreki, ngakho wazama ukukhuluma ngalolu limi. Labo wasebenzisa Latin, wasebenzisa alukho ulimi classical, futhi "inhlamba", "Abantu". Yiluphi ulimi olukhulunywa futhi ebhalwe amaRoma asendulo? elite Bafunde wakhetha ngesiGreki. Kuyinto kule yeqhawe ulimi Virgil lalotshwa - ". Aeneid" Watshela ngomlando eRoma, sithembele ezinganekwaneni isiGreki sasendulo. Ezindlini abantu baseRoma kwaba kimi ukukhuluma ngesiGreki, ulimi, uHomer.

Roma umxhwele ifa ngesiGreki kwamasiko, ubungcweti, yemfashini, ubuciko Culinary, ukuthuthukiswa ukulima, ngakho ihlonishwe lolo limi. Indlu lamaRoma waqasha othisha nezinceku Greece. Lokhu akusho ukuthi abazi Latin, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba ukusizakala futhi, kodwa nje ukushintshwa (musa ukuhlanza). Kuyinto kusukela kule "ethandwa" kamuva Latin sekukhona Romance izilimi: iSipanishi, isiFulentshi, isiNtaliyane.

NgesiGreki saba ulimi olusemthethweni kuleli esempumalanga umbuso. IsiGele SaseRoma uvele on ulimi lwesiGreki sakuqala. Phakathi nokubusa Aleksandra Makedonskogo izimbangi ngesiGreki empumalanga waba Coptic, Armenia, isi-Aramu. AmaJuda ayethanda lapha ukukhuluma isiHebheru. ulimi yamaGreki aqala ukulahlekelwa okukushoyo. Abacwaningi uzifunde ngokucophelela ulimi olukhulunywa lase libhujiswa ngemaRoma.

isifanakalo

Kuyini oluyingxube futhi ulimi olukhulunywa futhi eyabhalwa Roma empumalanga umbuso? Uma engxenyeni esempumalanga yezwe kwafika othile evela entshonalanga, kuba oluyingxube esetshenziswa. Kuyinto isandiso, lapho abantu zixhumana, angazanga ngolimi lwabo lwendabuko. Kulesi lwesigodi zabathengisi esigidini eRoma sasiwulimi "ezivamile YesiGreki" - isiKoine.

On the "Latin inhlamba" akhulunywa Lazio. Latin uncamela inkolo. Virgil ihlonishwe wakhe kanye koMbusi uKlawudiyu. Ngemva ukuxuba, iSonto LamaRoma amasosha, izifiki, futhi ezizimele zomphakathi oluyinhlamba ukusabalala Latin kulo lonke leli zwekazi ngokuqinile.

Grieco - inzalo ngolimi lwesiGreki e-Italy

Ulimi abalukhulumayo, futhi kungani amaRoma, kuyacaca kakade. Kodwa ngokuqondene okuyinto kwakhiwa zezigodi entsha? WaseMpumalanga waseRoma waseConstantinople futhi izungeze lo muzi Southern Italy washiya ngolimi lwesiGreki yokuxhumana. Igama edolobheni elihle Naples livela ngesiGreki. Ezingaphezu kuka-30,000 izakhamizi zeningizimu ye-Italy kuze kube yilolu suku ukuxhumana ngolimi Grieco. Lokhu lwesigodi Peloponnesian, okuyinto ezokwenzeka ngokugcwele isiGreki.

Lapho benza Italian?

Ngaluphi ulimi amaRoma wathi - akuseyona imfihlakalo. Namuhla on the nendawo eyayikade uMbuso WaseRoma kuyinto Italy yesimanje. Ulimi olusemthethweni lapha, kanye kwamanye amazwe kuyinto Italian. ERoma lasendulo, wakhuluma ngesihloko ethandwa Latin. Igama elithi "isi-Latin" imukile endaweni, lapho wasungula eRoma. Kuyinto kusukela oluyinhlamba Latin wathatha izimpande zakhe Italy.

Dante, Boccaccio, Petrarch - abasunguli ulimi Italy. Babhalela le-Florentine lwesigodi, okuyinto wathola ukukhuthazwa ububanzi e Yempucuko. Lokhu lwesigodi, abaningi ngokuthi elalihunyushelwe. Noma kunjalo, kwaba nowakubumba isisekelo yolimi lwanamuhla Italy. Kwezigidi ezingu-70 izakhamuzi eMhlabeni namuhla lolu limi.

Italian uthambile kakhulu futhi omnandi, cishe wonke amagama iphele onkamisa. Izinhlamvu Italian ulula, njengoba siqukethe izinhlamvu 26 kuphela. Kamuva bathi mayelana akaphakeme ulimi Italy Latin. Kwesokudla ngokuthi ulimi etemibhalo wayesemathuneni XVII-XVIII leminyaka. On waba zefilosofi ezaziwayo ukukhuluma, eshicilelwe amaphepha isayensi, okwethulwa ukusebenza ezigcawugcawu.

ulimi Italian etemibhalo sasekelwa abezindaba kusukela ngeMpi Yezwe II. kufuduka Yangaphakathi kuye kwanciphisa umehluko phakathi sigodzi, ngakho isabelo ulimi classical Italian liye lenyuka. Kodwa amaningi alawo humanities isakhuluma isimo ulimi olusetshenziswa emazweni amaningi Latin. Ukuze uthole ulwazi mayelana ulimi olukhulunywa amaRoma, kuyasiza ukuxazulula eziningi puzzle lanamuhla.