Mnemosyne futhi Muses yaseGrisi yasendulo

Ngokwesiko European, kunenkolelo yokuthi uma imbongi kudingeka azehlise ugqozi, ke kusho ukuthi wathumela phansi muse yakhe. Isikhumbuzo ukuba imbongi omkhulu futhi umqambi, ngokuvamile uvezwa muse ezinamaphiko. Kodwa abaningi abazi ukuthi kushukumisa yamaGreki asendulo aphefumulelwe hhayi kuphela izimbongi futhi abaqambi, kodwa ngisho nososayensi. Ngokuvamile, amaGreki asendulo ayekholelwa ukuthi zonke ngokuhlakanipha - ezifana nezikaNkulunkulu kanye nenkululeko sa phansi abantu zivela phezulu, onkulunkulu. Bangobani - the Muses zaseGrisi lasendulo?

Umsuka umculo - intandokazi timu ku theogony ngesiGreki namaRoma. Yena yayizimisele imisebenzi eminingi ngisho izinkondlo (ezifana "metamorphoses" ka-Ovid). Nokho, umsuka umculo ambonisa abalobi ezingefani ukuhluka nomunye. Hesiod (. VII BC leminyaka) e "Theogony" yakhe ibonisa ukuthi muse yamaGreki asendulo - uyindodakazi uZeyusi, njengenkosi yonkulunkulu Olympian kanye unkulunkulukazi inkumbulo Mnemosyne. Ukuthatha ngendlela umalusi uZeyusi yayenga Mnemosyne, eyasala naye 9 nobusuku obuyisikhombisa, futhi umphumela wabeletha 9 Muses namadodakazi.

Kodwa zikhona ezinye izindaba mayelana Muses azalelwa kanjani yaseGrisi yasendulo. Ngokusho Alkmanu Mimnernusu zinjalo amadodakazi Gaia futhi Uranus. Ngakho, zabizwa uranidam- onkulunkulu emidala kuno Kronides (onkulunkulu Olympian). Eminye imithombo attribute uzalo lwayo kusukela unkulunkulukazi ngokuvumelana (okuyinto yena, ebangela indodakazi yakhe unkulunkulukazi ubuhle Aphrodite). Igama elithi "muse" kuyinto sithi nobe inkondlo. Zonke izincazelo umsuka umculo ngandlela-thile ezihlobene impi ne Titans Zeus (uranidami) kanye nokusungulwa amandla akhe - amandla onkulunkulu Olympian. Mnemosyne kwaba ukuze kulondolozwe inkumbulo labo ke okuxhaphaza futhi balidlulisele ezinganeni inzalo. Esikhathini lasendulo zaseGrisi-isimo Leybadeya zake zaphila entwasahlobo engcwele Mnemosyne, futhi noma ubani waphuza kuwo,, sizuze ulwazi umsuka kanye nezimiso kuqala.

Image of unkulunkulukazi inkumbulo Mnemosyne ngokuvamile sizungezwe namadodakazi akhe ayisishiyagalolunye. Bobani Muses yaseGrisi yasendulo kanye nezinhlamvu (Ukuvikela) lokho abayikho? Ngamunye odade ayisishiyagalolunye enhle zinezimfanelo lwabo baze kulula ukufunda. Clio iyona umvikeli yomlando uvezwa nge isitayela (lunamathele incwadi) bese upheqela kweye Wreath umfire (njengoba wangena emibhalweni yaminyaka yonke emlandweni amagama heroes). Erato olunezintambo lifanekisela izinkondlo lyric, nodadewabo Euterpe, njalo ukuboniswa ephethe umtshingo kanye nemiklamo izimbali, iculo lyrical. Calliope, kushukumisa izinkondlo yeqhawe nolwazi, has nezimfanelo ezifanayo njengoba Clio. Shona omubi Melpomene, kushukumisa nhlekelele, is amaHubo bugcizelelwa umqhele omuhle ivy, futhi izandla zakhe yena lisiphatheleni imaski esiyinhlekelele, lapho, njengoba Waist elihlekayo uvezwa buso, ngoba livikela comedy. Muse Terpsichore umdanso kuvezwa nge uhadi plectrum, likhona dance. I last Muses ezimbili ngesiGreki ezingathí sina: Urania nge ibalazwe esibhakabhakeni nekhampasi (kushukumisa astronomy) kanye Polyhymnia, le umvikeli we mpendulo oqhubeka intonga bobukhosi ngoba ubugagu kuyinto evelele uma eqhathaniswa nabanye. Kodwa ukusekelwa enemininingwane umfanekiso umculo ekugcineni kwakhiwa Yempucuko.

Ngaleso isikhathi kamuva yaseGrisi yasendulo esungulwe inganekwane Muses ezintathu (II BC.): Aida (ingoma), Meletiou (umkhuba) kanye ngekhanda (inkumbulo). Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile futhi wakholelwa ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezine Muses: Telpsikora, Meletus, u-Ehudi futhi Arches. Cicero ukhuluma 7 Muses: Neil, Triton, Geptapora, Aconitum, Aheloy, steel futhi Tipoplo. Kukholakala ukuthi Muses yaseGrisi yasendulo waphila engcwele Mount Helicon, futhi ungusihlalo yabo nonkulunkulu welanga kanye Apollo Ubuciko, yingakho zokugcina futhi ithole isidlaliso "Musaget" (umshayeli Muses). Manje ezithathwe ukumela nezidalwa ezinamaphiko ebukekayo, okumenza begqoke ezifikayo ugqozi izimbongi ukucula lothando. Kodwa izwe lasendulo , base onkulunkulu bamanga, ibayala abantu daruyuschimi abasebasha ulwazi nokuhlakanipha abanakho, ekhazimulisa imithetho ngokuxhumanisa ngesikhathi esedlule nesamanje.