Kotlin Isiqhingi: incazelo jikelele, umlando kanye nezokuvakasha

Kotlin IsiQhingi sendaweni encane endaweni nesithupha amakhilomitha square, etholakala oLwandle iBaltic. Kusukela iphuzu zokuphatha umbono, lapho libhekisela Kronstadt lesifunda saseSt Petersburg. Ngokwabacwaningi, lenzeka eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane 5.5 edlule. Kusukela namuhla, lesi siqhingi kuncike kumagugu esizwe.

Umlando omfishane

Ngokwezazi-mlando, ekuhambeleni kokuqala lapha ngabantu cishe ngekhulu lesikhombisa waqala amaViking zaseScandinavia. Izinkumbulo endala olubhaliwe Kotlin esukela emuva le ekhulwini weshumi nantathu. Ngaleso sikhathi, yena wadlala indima kokuma kancane ebalulekile Abathengisi abahambahambayo kusukela Novgorod eYurophu kanye kolunye uhlangothi. Ngokusho Orekhovskaya ukuthula sivumelwano ungene ngemvume 1323, lesi siqhingi sasibizwa ngokuhlanganyela okungewakho saseNovgorod neSweden, futhi 1617, ngokuvumelana Stolbovsky sivumelwano, waba ngokuphelele impahla yezwe zaseScandinavia. ngemva Russia phakathi neMpi Northern iminyaka abangaba yikhulu ambuyisela yena. Meyi 7, 1704 lapho laqedwa ukwakhiwa izinqaba. Ngakho, namuhla kucatshangwa ukuthi ethekwini esiqhingini Kotlin yasungulwa ngalolu suku, okuyinto iqanjwe Kronstadt.

Phakathi nale minyaka emibili amakhulu eminyaka, lokhu isiqephu sezwe ngezikhathi ezithile, izikhathi eziningana baba base eyinhloko aseBaltic Fleet - ekuqaleni uMbuso Russian futhi kamuva ngaphansi kweSoviet Union, okuyinto kubangelwe ekulahlekelweni isikhundla amasu emazweni aseBaltic kanye Finland. Kuhlala kunjalo namuhla, ngezikhathi WaseRussia.

geography

Ososayensi bathi Kotlin Isiqhingi kwamiswa emva sezikhathi glacial ngenxa yezinguquko ubunjalo nesiqondiso imisinga eGulf of Finland. Kwathi ababecishe babe izinkulungwane 5.5 edlule. Empeleni, kuba moraine esilufifi, lapho Ubukhulu ubude nobubanzi nokuphakama 2 11 km, ngokulandelana. muva Abasekeli balobu version isibe kakhulu, okuyinto lula ucwaningo wathola lapha ezifakwa muva Geological ukuthi eziningi izinkomba zivumelana phansi khona oLwandle iBaltic.

Ubujamo esiqhingini kancane welulela bebheke kusukela eningizimu-mpumalanga kuyofika ngasenyakatho-ntshonalanga. Ogwini, kwakhiwa amatheku eziningana, okuyizinto ekahle kakhulu Anchorage. Kepha kwaba ukukhululeka Kotlin, kuba ikakhulukazi flat futhi ine phezu bonke ubuso amagquma encane. Amaphuzu eliphakeme ngaphezu kogu lolwandle, ngezithuba zawo-15 amamitha.

abantu

Port edolobheni, esisogwini Kotlin Island, ngokuvumelana kwabantu zakamuva, uhlalwe abantu abangaba yizinkulungwane ezingu-45. Izakhamuzi Kronstadt, eqinisweni, kukhona labantu lokhu ewumdweshu e oLwandle iBaltic. Kusukela iphuzu yobuhlanga umbono, iningi labantu abaphila nazi Russian. Ngaphandle kwalezi, kwakukhona iqembu elincane abameleli bezinye izizwe manje abahlala ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union.

Isimo sezulu

Angaphakanyiswa phezu kwendawo lapho itholakala esiqhingini Kotlin, obusa zinomswakama esipholile uhlobo sezulu. Ngenxa yomsebenzi isishingishane emoyeni uquqaba avamise ekushintsheni isiqondiso salo motion. nethonya elikhulu idatha lokushisa lendawo inikeza sezulu eGulf of Finland. Ehlobo, umoya lifudumeza ngokuvamile i isilinganiso 20-25 degrees ngenhla zero. Njengoba for kwezulu, khona-ke ewela lapha ngesimo imvula, iqhwa noma inkungu. Isilinganiso inombolo zokhahlamba kusuka kwangu 630 kuya 650. Ebusika, umoya ngokuvamile ashaye kusukela eningizimu-ntshonalanga, futhi ehlobo - ababevela enyakatho-ntshonalanga. Uma siqhathanisa ne Petersburg sezulu, ngoba Kotlin abe lomswakama ephakeme.

Yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene

Kotlin Isiqhingi siqukethe ngokuphelele kwenhlabathi srednepodzolistogo izinhlobo inequigranular. Umphumela zokuphila okukhulu futhi isikhathi eside kwabantu kwaba iqiniso lokuthi izitshalo zemvelo esikhundleni cishe ngokuphelele womuntu. Abameleli beNdikimba nezilwane zendawo lingama ezifuywayo zabantu abahlala lapha. Nje eminyaka ambalwa edlule kule ndawo Ngahlala labantu elikhulu gull, kodwa cishe nya ngenxa yomsebenzi womuntu.

izivakashi

City esiqhingini Kotlin ngokufanelekile kungokwalabo ifa zomlando namasiko we Russian Federation. Lokhu akusona isimanga, ngoba emakhulwini eminyaka ambalwa adlule, Kronstadt waba isikhungo izenzakalo ngokulandelana kwayo eye yaba nomthelela obalulekile ukuqhubeka lizwe. On insimu yalo kukhona ezikhumbuzo eziningi, okuyinto abahambi ukuza lapha ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene emhlabeni. Phakathi izinto eziphawuleka kakhulu yilezi: St Nicholas Naval Cathedral kanye Cathedral St uVladimir sika. Ukwakhiwa kwehlelo yokugcina waqala ngo-1730. Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, iningi izivakashi siqhingi beze lapha ulwazi zomlando. Kule ndaba, iziqondiso zendawo batusa izivakashi ukuvakashela Maritime Museum zalesi sihlahla, Memory Museum A. S. Popova, esigodlweni Italian kanye Kronstadt Admiralty. Asinakuwushalazela futhi izinqaba, yesibani nezinye izinqaba zomlando zokuzivikela. Kufanele kuqashelwe, futhi iqiniso lokuthi kukhona ngisho Kotlin ugu oluncane, i-swimming ongaphandle ehlobo.

Ukuthola lapho

Uma ulahlekelwe Kronstadt ivaliwe isimo ngokuya lempi, lapha zaqala ukufika njalo yizivakashi ezivela eRussia nakwamanye amazwe. Nakuba lapha kukhona sezindiza ezincane, kuba kuphela izidingo ezokuthutha yempi. Indlela ejwayeleke kakhulu ikhambo lapha kubhekwa njalo ezazihamba kusukela Petersburg echwebeni esiqhingini Kotlin izikebhe kanye nemikhumbi umgibeli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakwazi ukufinyelela e Kronstadt futhi umgwaqo-elixhumanisa ke oya ezwekazini.