Missile Hypersonic "Zircon": Izici

Eminyakeni yamuva, i-United States is uye wakwenza ngokuzimisela ukuthuthukisa missile uhlelo lwayo kazwelonke ukuzivikela. Uyokwanelisa isifiso sabo uhulumeni wase-US ukubeka ezinye izingxenye zesimiso yayo missile ukuzivikela eMpumalanga Yurophu kuye kwaholela kuqale umncintiswano zenuzi missile izikhali phakathi United States neRussia.

Ukuhlobana izikhali ezintsha leSupersonic

Ngenxa inzuzo okusezingeni eliphezulu US yesimiso sokuzivikela missile eduze imingcele waseRussia, eMnyango Wezokuvikela wenza isinqumo amasu ngenkuthalo umelane naleli ngokwakha missile entsha hypersonic. Omunye wabo LC-22 - hypersonic missile "Zircon". Russia, ngokuvumelana Ochwepheshe alo ezempi, uzokwazi ukuba balwisane ngempumelelo iyiphi umqali ezingaba kuphela uma unomuzwa wokuphuthuma nesimanje ibutho laso futhi lasolwandle.

Ingqikithi yalo sesimanje Navy Russian

Kusukela 2011, ngokuvumelana uhlelo Russian Ministry Defense usebenzela ukudalwa isikhali eliyingqayizivele, njengabo rocket "Zircon". Izimpawu missile leSupersonic ihlukanisa ngento eyodwa - ijubane eliphezulu kakhulu. Sinenkosi isivinini yokuthi isitha angeke kuphela kube nzima ngokuya abaphuca kubo, kodwa lapho bezama ukuthola. Ngokusho kochwepheshe lempi, isivikelo ngempumelelo kakhulu futhi iyiphi ubudlova kusho namuhla cruise missile "Zircon". izici yomkhiqizo sincome isikhali isihambile emoyeni hypersonic ngenkemba Navy Russian.

Izitatimende kwabezindaba

Ngokokuqala ngqá isicelo sokuthuthukiswa ekuseni eyinkimbinkimbi nge hypersonic cruise missile "Zircon" ulwandle Esekela uvele abezindaba ngo-February 2011. Izikhali baba ukuthuthukiswa yakamuva okuhlangene abaklami Russian.

Kucatshangwa ekubizweni missile eziyinkimbinkimbi "Zircon" khona isifinyezo 3Q-22.

iphawulwe ukuthi corporation sekuqalile ukuthuthukiswa rocket ezokwenza ukufinyelela isivinini kuze kube Mach 13, ngesivinini womsindo izikhathi 12-13 ngo-August ka-2011, umqondisi-jikelele we Ukukhathazeka "Tactical Missiles" Boris Obnosov. (Ukuze uqhathanise, namuhla izinga zokuhlasela ezicitshwayo Russian Navy - kuze kufinyelele 2.5 Mach).

kwaboniswa ukuthi esikhathini esifushane kulindeleke ukuba usethe isivivinyo lokuqala kweminsalo hypersonic Ngo-2012, lowo oyiPhini likaNgqongqoshe wezokuVikela we Russian Federation.

kubika Vula imithombo ukuthi ukwakhiwa kwanoma yiliphi eziyinkimbinkimbi missile womkhumbi hypersonic "Zircon" abaphathise 'NPO Machine Isakhiwo ". Kuyaziwa ukuthi izici lobuchwepheshe ukufakwa ulwazi libhekwa, kubika ubufakazi ngasocansini: ububanzi - 300-400 isivinini km - Mach 5-6.

Kunemibiko ezingaqinisekisiwe owawuthi missile inguqulo leSupersonic ka "BrahMos" cruise leSupersonic nangomcibisholo, olwasungulwa abaklami Russian ngokubambisana neNhlangano ochwepheshe Indian ngesisekelo micibisholo "Onyx" P-800. Ngo-2016 (February) by BrahMos Aerospace kwamenyezelwa ukuthi incwadi motor hypersonic nenzalo yakhe lingathuthukiswa ngaphakathi 3-4 kweminyaka.

Ngo-March 2016 abezindaba watshelwa zivivinyo zokuqala missile hypersonic "Zircon", okuyinto Kwakuseshwa emhlabathini kwethulwa eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Esikhathini esizayo, it kuhlelwe ukufaka "Zircon" e entsha ngwenya Russian "Husky". Ngalesi sikhathi, lezi multi-purpose ngwenya enyukliya 5th akhiwa Design Bureau "Malachite".

Ngesikhathi esifanayo ulwazi kwabezindaba senziwa umphakathi ukuthi indiza zomphakathi design rocket zokuvivinywa ngawo ugcwaliseka ngokugcwele. Lapho beqeda kulindeleke ukuba wenze ukwahlulela ngokwamukelwa "zircon" e Russian Navy. Ngo-April 2016 kwaba ukushicilela ulwazi ukuthi isivivinyo missile "Zircon" kuzophothulwa 2017, futhi ngo-2018 kuthiwa ukuqalisa ekukhiqizeni.

Ukuthuthukiswa nokuhlola

Ngo-2011, iqembu "Tactical Missiles" uqalile ukuklama hypersonic anti-umkhumbi micibisholo "Zircon". Izici izikhali ezintsha, ochwepheshe bathi, kuningi esifana ne isethi akhona "Fireball".

Ngo-2012 futhi ngo-2013 endaweni isivivinyo entsha missile lwalwenziwa Akhtubinsk. Njengoba yenethiwekhi esetshenziswa Plane "TU-22M3". Waba yini umphumela wesibindi ukuhlolwa kwenziwe isiphetho ngenxa kuhlulekile ukuqala futhi iDemo indiza warhead. kutivivinyo Kwakuseshwa 2015 ne indima edlalwa ngabezindaba phansi kwethulwa eziyinkimbinkimbi. Manje rocket "Zircon" wethulwa zisuka eziphuthumayo. Izici 2016 lapho ukuhlola yaba mihle, esibatshela Onjiniyela ukumemezela kwabezindaba mayelana nangomcibisholo entsha hypersonic.

Lapho sihlelwe ukusebenzisa kweminsalo entsha?

Ngemva kokuphela eminye lohleliwe ukuhlolwa isimo ezicitshwayo hypersonic uzobe ifakwe "Husky" (multi-purpose ngwenya yenuzi), Cruisers "uMholi" ethuthukiselwa impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu yenuzi-powered "Orlan" futhi "Petr Veliky". On the impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu ezisindayo enuzi "Admiral Nakhimov" ubizwa nangokuthi efakwe anti-umkhumbi micibisholo "Zircon". Izici entsha ngesivinini izikhali ziphakeme kakhulu kunalezo imifanekiso yakhe - ngokwesibonelo, ezifana iqoqo "Granit". Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izongenelwa esikhundleni ne LC-22. ngwenya kakhulu ethembisayo olwesimanje futhi ebusweni izikebhe rocket "Zircon" izosetshenziswa.

izici lobuchwepheshe

• Missile uhla amakhilomitha 1,500.
• Ukufakwa has a velocity of mayelana Mach 6. (Mach 1 ilingana nenani 331 metres ngomzuzwana).
• Warhead ZK-22 anesisindo esingamakhilogremu okungenani abangu-200 kg.
• 500 km - engaba ekubhujisweni, esesikhundleni nangomcibisholo hypersonic "Zircon".

Izici amathuluzi isisekelo ukuze nahlulele akaphakeme umnikazi yebutho lawo ngaphezu kwesitha, cha possess izikhali ezinjalo.

Engine nophethiloli

Hypersonic noma Ultrafast kubhekwa into kabani Isivinini akuyona esingaphansi 4500 km / h. Lapho edala izikhali ezinjalo Onjiniyela nemiraro emnengi zesayensi kanye lobuchwepheshe. Phakathi kwazo imibuzo efanele kakhulu mayelana nendlela ukusebenzisa ukusheshisa nangomcibisholo, usebenzisa ezivamile jet injini kanye ukusetshenziswa uphethiloli? ososayensi kanye nabasunguli isiRashiya, kwanqunywa: ukuhlakaza LC-22 ukusebenzisa ekhethekile rocket-ramjet injini, okuyinto libhekene omlilo leSupersonic. Idatha operation entsha nophethiloli izinjini "Detsilin - M", okuyinto abazalwa nawo anda amandla ukusetshenziswa (20%).

Izindawo ekusungulweni yesayensi

lokushisa okuphezulu imvelo evamile, ebanjwa emva Overclocking indiza yakho missile ezikwazi "Zircon". Izici homing ngesivinini leSupersonic ngesikhathi indiza kungenziwa kakhulu uhlanekezelwe. Isizathu salokhu kuyinto okuvela ifu plasma ezingasetshenziswa uvale kusukela ohlelweni target nokulimaza inzwa, antenna nokulawula amadivaysi. Bangandiza hypersonic ngesivinini ezicitshwayo kufanele ifakwe Avionics ezingcono. Ukukhiqizwa serial HCC-22 isayensi abathintekayo ezifana izinto, injini, electronics, ekwazi ukumelana namandla omoya, nabanye.

Lokhu kwakwenziwa ngayiphi injongo missile "Zircon" (Russia) yasungulwa?

Izici etholwe emva ukuhlolwa isimo, okukhomba ukuthi lokhu izinto leSupersonic kalula unqobe izivikelo anti-tank. Lokhu Lwenziwe ngenxa izici ezimbili esingokwemvelo ZK-22:

• warhead Isivinini ezingeni ukuphakama km 100 15 Max, t. e. 7 / sec.
• Ngenkathi obukhulu ungqimba asemkhathini, kakade ngaphambi kokuthuthela enqotjhiweko warhead enze eziyinkimbinkimbi aqondisa, lokho kube inkimbinkimbi umsebenzi missile isitha.

Ochwepheshe abaningi lempi, kokubili Russian angaphandle, bakholelwa ukuthi impumelelo ka silinganiso amasu kuncike ukutholakala yezikhali ezicitshwayo hypersonic.

On amathemba

Abezindaba ukukhuthalele okuxoxwa ulwazi mayelana US ukuhambisana Russia ngokuya ukuthuthukiswa yezikhali ezicitshwayo hypersonic. Ngo izitatimende zabo izintatheli ubheke idatha ucwaningo-United States. Ukuvela ahlomile ibutho Russian yesimanje baningi ngisho nangaphezu kwezinwele missile "Zircon", izikhali hypersonic kulindeleke ngo-2020. US uhlelo missile ukuzivikela, okuyinto kubhekwa omunye izinhlelo eziphambili kakhulu emhlabeni, ukuvela ijubane kakhulu kwezikhali zenuzi Russian Air Force kuthanda, ngokubona izintatheli, inselele yangempela.

engamenyezelwe izingalo uhlanga uyaqhubeka emhlabeni zobuchwepheshe. Hypersonic Isikhali ubheke ubuchwepheshe bamuva, okuyinto ekhulwini lama-21 izodlala indima juqu umphumela impi. Hhayi ngokunikeza umfundi ithuba ngo-2000, umongameli wase-United George. W. Bush ngemvume somyalelo ukuthi liphenduka ngokoqobo kungenzeka ukusebenzisa ukugadla zomhlaba jikelele asebenzisa ngokunemba hypersonic cruise ezicitshwayo.

Kulula ukuqagela engibathandayo yayihloselwe. Mhlawumbe yingakho ke yabekwa isicelo e Defense uNgqongqoshe Russian Okthoba 2016 Sergei Shoigu, empini eSiriya, X-101 - entsha cruise kweminsalo, ububanzi yesenzo - mayelana 4500 km.

Hypersonic missile "Zircon", izimfanelo ezihlinzeka inzuzo omkhulu izikhali kokuba ibutho laso iyona "iphupho osemqoka" yanoma yimuphi jikelele, isikhonzi nomongameli. Ukuba khona izikhali ezinjalo kungaba isivikelo abalulekile kunoma iyiphi empini.