Minimal ubuchopho ukungasebenzi - Izimbangela Nezingozi Ukwelashwa

Minimal ubuchopho ukungasebenzi - iziyaluyalu sezinzwa futhi ngokwenqondo umphumela CNS ababuthakathaka. Lezi zinkinga zidalwa nenkathi yokukhulelwa nokubeletha, kanye zonke izinhlobo izifo kanye kwamaphutha ekunakekelweni esewusana.

Ukudweba iziyaluyalu nge sakugcina ubuchopho ukungasebenzi wehlukile kakhulu futhi luyehluka ngeminyaka, njengoba umthetho, zako ezikhulayo ukuba ubudala wasesikoleni samabanga aphansi. Minimal ubuchopho ukungasebenzi kwekhono izingane kungathinta ukubukeka ushintsho isakhiwo amathambo ebusweni Yekhanda, ukwakheka olungafanele skeleton emlonyeni, asthenia ulimi imisipha, okungaholela izinkinga zokukhuluma. ukwephulwa kungenzeka kwemisipha ithoni, khona ingqondo sokugembula. Yezimpendulo autonomic, kukhulile ukujuluka, amathe. Izingane nge sakugcina ubuchopho ukungasebenzi okuhlukanisa motor disinhibition, hyperactivity, angaphansi izinguquko njalo kwemizwa. Odokotela bengqondo ukusebenza nezingane, umlando okuyinto sinokufakwa "sakugcina ubuchopho ukungasebenzi", waphawula khona kwalezi izingane ukuzithiba ubudlova, ukuchayeka ukuthukuthela, ukufutheka. Phakathi iziyaluyalu ezingokwengqondo Kumele kuqashelwe yokungavuthwa kwezenhlalo, okuyinto sivezwe kula isifiso ukudlala futhi ukuxhumana nezingane ezincane. Lezi zingane zihlukaniswa thuthuva sokulala futhi inqubo ebuthongweni; ubuthongo ayijulile, ngezikhathi, izingane ayohewula ebuthongweni bakhe. Njengoba kuphawulwe ngenhla, izingane MMD izinkinga ongafundile (inzima "enikezwa" izinyathelo yezamakhompyutha, ezinye izinkinga lokubhala awubufakazi, eyesithathu orientation ngekwendzawo ngobugebengu).

Izinketho iziyaluyalu nge sakugcina ubuchopho ukungasebenzi:

• Minimal ubuchopho ukungasebenzi hyperactivity kubangelwa ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo. Izingane ezinjalo zinezikhathi kuzinga eliphezulu excitability, impulsivity. Basuke zihlukaniswa ezingeni lelisetulu ulaka, kwehle okuhlushwa ukunakekela nangobudlova;
• Minimal ubuchopho ukungasebenzi nge hypoactivity ngenxa ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo. Lezi zingane zihlukaniswa ukucobeka, ubuthakathaka, ukugxilisa ingqondo;
• MMD elihlobene ne kahle motor amakhono, kusebentisana ukunyakaza;
• MMD, ukungapheleli elihlobene ne ukuma ngekwendzawo;
• MMD, ebonakaliswa ayephuli zokukhuluma.

izici Negative wokukhula kwengane esiswini okungenzeka bahlukunyezwe entsheni, uma sikubeka propensity ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa kanye izinto ezidakayo, nokuziphatha kwabantu ngokungafanele, ukuthambekela ekuseni ocansini.

Ephansi ubuchopho ukungasebenzi obonakala njengenhlangano lengqondo excitability kokuthikamezeka omnene, ukungazinzi ngokwezomnotho autonomic. Ngo-70% izingane ongaphakeme ubuncane ukungasebenzi iziyaluyalu basemathubeni amaningi kokungenela yezokwelapha ubuncane. Labo abasele abanga-30% ube nobunzima esikoleni.

uhlobo MMD ka encephalopathy libhekene izilonda ebalulekile weSigungu Sikazwelonke, obonakaliswe bikho yentuthuko ephakeme nemisebenzi cortical. Lezi zingane kuba reflectivity esingokwemvelo ngokubhala, ubunzima ukuqashelwa we "kwesokudla" - "elivulekile ngomqondo" inkumbulo ezimbi inkulumo. Kuphela one-third of izingane lolu hlobo MMD compensatory Izibikezelo evumayo.

Phakathi izingane ziseyizinsana nge MMD kukhona ukucasuka letihloniphekile, ubuthongo thuthuva, ukundindizela, emhlathini kanye emikhawulweni. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, base 'zinezikhathi retardation e engqondo futhi inkulumo ukuthuthukiswa, disinhibition, nobunzima kule jikelele motor umsebenzi. Isikhathi esining impela eba bedwetting. Njengomthetho, lezo zindlela zokubonisa nge ukwelashwa okufanele sifinyelele eminyakeni 5. Uma izimpawu kungukuthi ihlawulelwa kuze walonyaka, ekuqaleni esikoleni, zikhule, ingane yakho izodinga usizo lochwepheshe.