Mark Dvoretsky: Biography, impumelelo, izincwadi

Mark Dvoretsky - indoda enkulu, ehlakaniphile futhi abafundile. Yena wayengumbulali iqhawe imincintiswano ku chess, kodwa ukuyeka abaqhuba wedwa badlulele le mfundiso. Butler kwaba Umqeqeshi enkulu, ngenxa ngayo ekuqeqesheni kwakhe njengobaba ezweni lethu ukuthuthukisa grandmasters abadlali abaningi.

Okuncane chess

Chess - kuyinto umdlalo lasendulo, esasivela e-India. Yena linomlando omude. Chess, empeleni yayo - enengqondo futhi ezemidlalo umdlalo. Kodwa futhi ithuthukisa amandla, ukugxilisa ingqondo, ukucabanga.

Umdlalo unalo ibhodi 64-cell kanye izicucu 32. Amaseli imibala omnyama nomhlophe alternate nomunye, 16 izingcezu imibala omnyama nomhlophe lezinombolo 16. Ingqikithi yalo mdlalo we-chess iwukuba checkmate abaphikisi inkosi sibalo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kudingeka ucabange nge hambisa ngamunye, ngakho kule mdlalo udinga ukucabanga ngokunengqondo futhi wazi imithetho kahle.

Omunye umdlalo ingahlala amahora noma ngisho izinsuku, kanjalo ukwakha amandla okumelana naso futhi uhlamvu. It wafundisa abantu abaningi. Othile baba isidlali eyaziwa ezweni noma emhlabeni, kanti abanye bahlala amateur. Omunye abadlali ezinkulu kanye abaqeqeshi ubhedu emhlabeni baba Mark Izrailevich Dvoretsky, eyaduma ngokunqoba kwakhe e chess imidlalo e Georgia, Russia nase-USSR.

Mark Dvoretsky: Biography

Butler Ngazalelwa eMoscow ngo-December 9, 1947. Wathola imfundo yakhe zezibalo eMoscow State University, kodwa baqhubeka nenkonzo yakhe yokuba ngendlela uvalo. Ngemva kweminyaka embalwa ngibelethe iziqu, waba professional chess umdlali.

Ngemva ngokunqoba ezingeni emhlabeni Dvoretskiy Mark Izrailevich waqala ukubhalela amakhono efundisa chess amabhuku parallel waqala ukuqeqesha abadlali, kamuva owaba amakhosi ezemidlalo ku chess grandmasters futhi omkhulu nje kuphela e-USSR neRussia, kodwa futhi phesheya. Phakathi kwabo kukhona: Sergey Dolmatov, u-Artur Yusupov, uNana Alexandria, evgeniy Bareev.

Mark Dvoretsky wabhala eziningi eliphezulu amabhuku iyasiza theory kanye nama-practical. On kubo ungafunda bebodwa futhi zithole imiphumela emihle. Manje lezi zincwadi athandwa kakhulu, bafunda konke kusukela komncane kunabo bonke kuya komdala kunabo bonke. Kulezi zincwadi kwakhula kuka kwesinye isizukulwane wabadlali, abanye babo angamaqhawe.

Excellent ingqondo kohlaziyo yanikezwa ilungelo lokuzikhethela Mark Dvoretsky. "I Endgame ebhukwinitifundvo," okuyinto wabhala zembule kakhulu ithalente kobunikazi amasu chess namakhono coaching likaMarku Butler. Wayengase ngokushesha ukuthola ikhambi esifanele kunoma isiphi isimo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngokuphila noma inkinga chess.

Dvoretskiy Mark Izrailevich wayeyindoda zihlakaniphile futhi abafundile. Naye kwakunokwenzeka ukuxoxa ngayo yonke into. Wayeyikhathalela ngobuqotho mayelana abafundi bakhe futhi ukhathazekile kubo, ngiye asekelwa njalo futhi wanikeza iziyalezo, uma baqale ukudikibala. ezikhuthele kakhulu uMarku Dvoretsky. Chess - yilokho akazange usukhathele ukucabanga, kubonise nokubhala, ngokukhetha ezihlukahlukene amasu kanye amaqhinga. Ngisho nalapho begula, yena akazange adele ukulinga ukubhala izincwadi, ukulungisa amaphutha ukuthi abafundi bakhe waveza ngobumnene. Futhi ngoba lokho, Mark Dvoretsky kwakungelona wamthukuthelela kubo, kodwa kunalokho sibonge. Wayelethwa babekhathazeke ngokuthi ngenxa la maphutha ungakwazi ukugqashula imincintiswano ezibaluleke kakhulu chess, nabafundi bakhe ulahlekelwe.

Izimpumelelo Mark Butler

1973 ngoba uMarku Butler kwaba okuphawulekayo ukuthi kwakuyizwi eMoscow chess iqhawe. Esikhathini ubuqhawe eU.SSR ngo 1974 Mark Dvoretsky wathatha izindawo 5th futhi 7th. Ngawo lowo nyaka tournaments angaphandle Polanica Zdroj futhi Wijk aan Zee waba ingqwele.

Butler kwadingeka impela kancane kwesihloko Grandmaster, kodwa wanquma lokufundisa nokuqeqesha abanye abantu ukubanika isipiliyoni udlala chess. Ngokushesha ukudluliswa amakhono nesipiliyoni singcono kakhulu amakhono akhe esisebenzayo, futhi ngo-1979, 1981 kanye 1987, waba ahlonishwe chess Umqeqeshi we RSFSR, Georgia ne-USSR, futhi waba esasiwafanele Fide umqeqeshi.

Kuze kube manje, Mark Izrailevich umqeqeshi enethonya kunazo, yimpumelelo futhi professional emhlabeni. Ngo amasu akhe theory ne practical abasayihlola namanje isizukulwane yayo enkulu abafundi.

Phakathi nokuphila kwakhe, inkosi yasendulo yokukhipha chess usefundise ikhono Nana Alexandria, u-Artur Yusupov, Alexey Dreev, u-Alexander Motyleva, uSergei Dolmatov, Ivan Popov, Viorel Bologan, Vadim Zvyagintsev, u-Ernesto Inarkiev uVladimir Potkina nabanye abadlali. Nalokhu ukuqeqeshwa zingabantu zezikhulu junior baba ompetha izwe, e-Europe, futhi athi aphakeme chess isihloko. Butler waba nokuhlangenwe nakho ukufundisa abafundi kuphela ngabanye, kodwa ngokushesha yonke eqenjini lesizwe.

Mark Dvoretsky kwaba umlobi wezincwadi eziningi izihloko, lapho kuchazwa imicabango yakhe nemibono. Babé ethandwa kakhulu, futhi lapho kuze kube yilolu suku bafundiswa cishe bonke abadlali emhlabeni. Lezi izincwadi: "Incwadi Endgame Mark Butler", "Ukuthuthukisa Indaba yokucabanga okudala chess", "play positional", "Ubuchwepheshe emdlalweni chess," "Izimfihlo Ukuvula Ukulungiselela", "Chess Izindlela Zokufundisa", "Etudes ngoba odokotela", " inhlanganisela umdlalo "nezinye izincwadi owaziwa.

Incwadi "School of Excellence. Endgame. Inhlanganisela umdlalo "

Eyokuqala yona kanye incwadi, okuyinto senzelwe abadlali imfundamakhwela futhi grandmasters. Umbhali uchaza izindlela ezahlukene ukuze wenze noma isiphi isinqumo ezivela umdlalo we-chess. Le ncwadi ibe izingxenye ezine.

"School of Excellence. Inhlanganisela umdlalo "

Lena yincwadi yesibili egameni chungechunge. Kulotshiwe ukuze wenze abadlali umfundi chess ekilasini phezulu. Wayeqale eyakhishwa ngo-Russian nezinye izithasiselo nokulungiswa. Ubeka imisebenzi yokuhlola ahlukahlukene kanye umzimba ezidinga ukuthuthukisa isu of chess amakhono, ukubukeka abukhali ngesikhathi inhlanganisela amacebo nokucabanga ngokusebenzisa uhamba kusengaphambili.

"School of Excellence. isu "

Ingxenye yesithathu, lapho etshela izingcezwana zikhunjulwe kubafundi bakhe Mark Izrailevich imidlalo. Kukhona ngisho imidlalo party egcwele. Futhi inikeza izimpendulo zemibuzo eziba khona phakathi nenkathi ukuncintisana phakathi esiphezulu chess.

"School of Excellence. Kakhulu Party "

Ingxenye yesine ochungechungeni amagama, futhi is final. Encwadini ngaphambi nezindaba zalo maphakathi no-echazwe, nendlela yokuba Grandmaster, ukucinga izimfihlo izifundo theory kanye nama-practical. Engxenyeni incwadi yesibili uchaza umdlalo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu chess Mark Butler, imicabango yakhe ngaleso sikhathi, umqondo, ukuhlaziya ngayinye ithuba, amaphutha kanye nokulungisa izindlela zabo. Futhi, kukhona amathiphu kanye neseluleko sendlela ukulungiselela kahle umdlalo we-chess, umdlalo noma umncintiswano. Kuphela ngale uchaza amaqhinga namasu, futhi izinto ukuhlaziywa chess amakhono.

"UMarku Dvoretsky ihlaziya. Workshop okokufundisa Esizayo Champions "

Le ncwadi ishicilelwe imiqulu emibili. Bahlanganisa konke liya umbhali, izinqumo zakhe, ihlaziya, okutholakele kanye nemicabango. Futhi uchaze umzabalazo ngokwengqondo umbhali. Njengoba umlobi kuyinto ebucayi kakhulu, ehlakaniphile futhi abantu abafundile, wachaza zonke emincane kule ncwadi ukuze umfundi ukufunda, bawahlolisisa okushiwo umdlalo, wafunda ukulawula imicabango yakhe, ukunyakaza futhi becabanga zonke zithuthwa zabo.

Okwamanje imbangela yokufa likaMarku Butler

uthisha Chess wafa Septhemba 26, 2016 eMoscow. Wayeneminyaka engu-68 ubudala. Imithombo awasho lutho nesizathu sokuba afe. Esinye isifundo sakhe wathi ngo-Agasti wayegula kakhulu, kodwa waqhubeka esebenza semibhalo yakhe, elungisa amaphutha kanye umphelelisi, futhi ngakho-ke kwakunzima ukuthi umbhali nomqeqeshi iyagula. Abagulayo ningabizi. Ngakho-ke, imbangela yokufa ayaziwa Mark Butler. Wembelwa e-Mitino emathuneni.