Lokho study zofuzo yezokwelapha

Ufuzo - isayensi etadisha izakhiwo eziphilayo ezifana ufuzo futhi ukushintshashintsha. Njengoba yaziwa, isici esiyinhloko nemvelo ukuthi liwuhlukanise kwabafileyo - ikhono nokuzala. Enye imfanelo ebalulekile, ukubizwa ngokuthi ufuzo, iyona t repeatability. E. Ikhono azalwe zazo siqu. Ngokwesilinganiso, laba bameleli kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo kukhona okunye okucishe kufane oyise bomdabu, kunamanye abantu zohlobo olulodwa.

Kodwa lokho ngamunye zilwane izinga elithile simo esishubile, ngoba ngisho abazalwane nodade akuzona amakhophi ngqo. Bobabili izici - ufuzo futhi ukushintshashintsha - izifundo isayensi begazi zofuzo, esakhiwa yena, izingxenye ezivamile kanye nalezo ezizimele. Uma into Ukutadisha ngodonga jikelele ukucwaninga ngofuzo izisekelo ufuzo, ukuhlaziya kwe-DNA, isakhiwo zezakhi zofuzo futhi ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo zabo, izigaba yangasese abazinikele ukuhlonza amaphethini ajwayelekile e kwezinhlobo ezahlukene eziphilayo.

Ufuzo Human - Oholela izigaba yangasese. Labo yokuxhumana salo, esiwulwazi ihlobana zokugula ngazinye, wezokwelapha zofuzo izifundo. Injongo eyinhloko yale legatsha isayensi - ekuboneni indima yabaphathi zofuzo umsuka kanye Yiqiniso izifo ezihlukahlukene.

Izifo study zofuzo yezokwelapha, zihlukaniswe ku-lezinceku langempela futhi multifactorial. Lo mqeqeshi owake wapheka zihlanganisa chromosomal (okubangelwa ngokushintsha inani lezakhi zofuzo noma isakhiwo sabo) futhi isakhi (ngenxa zofuzo) isifo. Uma kuguquka likhona ukukhubazeka kwezakhi ezithile zofuzo eyodwa kuphela, lokhu sifo kuthiwa monogenic.

Ngokuthi izifo multifactorial okuyiwona kukhona yofuzo. Lezi zihlanganisa iningi izifo ngabanye ezaziwayo. On the nesenzakalo kwezifo ezifana ngendlela yabantu, ngaphandle ezingezinhle ithonya zangaphandle, ukuhlinzeka isethi isimo zezakhi zofuzo okungase azisizi amashumi namakhulu.

zofuzo Medical njengoba isayensi okuhloswe ukuxilonga izifo ngofuzo, ukuqhuba ukuhlaziya nokudlanga kwazo amaqembu ahlukene nezinhlanga, nokweluleka iziguli kanye nemindeni yabo, nokuvinjelwa kwezifo ngofuzo, ukutadisha pathogenesis futhi omsakazo anjalo.

Ngokuba nokuvimbela izifo lezinceku zofuzo emitholampilo isebenzisa base kokubeletha (m. E. yabakhulelwe) ukuhlola. Umsebenzi lodokotela - okufika ngesikhathi ukuhlonza zonke izici pathogenic kungenzeka nokuhlolwa ingozi yezifo ezithile umntwana ongakazalwa, esekelwe isimo sezempilo abazali ezingaba khona. Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba lo mbhangqwana alindele ukuba nengane noma uhlela nje okukhulelwa, ibhekane okuphelele isimo sempilo yabo kanye ukuhlonza zonke izici eziyingozi. Kubandakanya kubalulekile ukwazi futhi ngayo ekwaziseni odokotela ngezindlela ezikhona emkhayeni (kokubili uyise esizayo, futhi uhlangothi lukanina), izifo zenani elikhulu eziyifa kanye nokunye.

Emazweni ophucukile, izakhi zofuzo kanye imithi isebenze bangahlukani. Unentshisekelo ngekusasa lempilo yesintu umlingani (unkosikazi) kanye khona emkhayeni izifo lezinceku wenza eside ngaphambi komshado. Kwamanye amazwe, incwadi kadokotela idokhumende kuphoqelekile sokubhalisa umshado.

Eminyakeni yamuva, i-genetics wezokwelapha uye wenza intuthuko sokugcwaliseka kwaso. Impumelelo main kwaba sokuqonda lwezakhi zofuzo zomuntu, ukuhlonza zonke izakhi zofuzo futhi ekuboneni isimo yamangqamuzana amaprotheni kakhulu. Manje ososayensi ukukhuthalele ukutadisha ubuhlobo zezakhi zofuzo ahlukene nezifo ezithile esikhathini esizayo izithembiso ukuthuthukiswa zokwelapha ngokuyinhloko entsha nezifo ngenxa yezakhi zofuzo kanye ukuvimbela lezo zifo lapho indoda ekuthanda.

Umsebenzi yanoma yimuphi udokotela oqeqeshwe ngokuphelele - kusenesikhathi kweziguli zokugula bemvelo ngofuzo, ekutholeni isimo sawo futhi isiqondiso isiguli ukuba isikhungo sezokwelapha-zofuzo ezifanele.