Likuphi Stonehenge? Umlando kanye imfihlakalo zamatshe lasendulo

Stonehenge - imfumbe kwetshe elikhulu e elaseYurophu. Likuphi Stonehenge? Lokhu akubuze ungaphendula, ngoba ngiyazi ngakho cishe bonke abantu.

Kusho ukuphendula hhayi ulwazi megalith (ngomsuka ngenhloso ke) Ekhona namanje umbuzo kanjani abantu eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezine edlule kungenzeka nokwakha isakhiwo esinjalo. Observatory Lasendulo, kokwehla pad uthengisa alien, i-portal kwelinye izwe, noma ithuna yobuqaba - konke lokhu Stonehenge (England). Sekungamakhulu amaningi eminyaka izingqondo engcono zomhlaba alwa phezu ekwambulweni yakhe. Kodwa nokho kakhulu ayikaziwa ....

Stonehenge abizwa ngokuthi cromlechs - liwukuphela kwesakhiwo endala zamatshe mpo, abembethe umbuthano. Zingase yakha kumbuthano owodwa noma ngaphezulu.

Likuphi Stonehenge

Lesi sakhiwo emkhakheni, elise amakhilomitha 13 kusukela emzaneni Salisbury. "Stone kocingo" - njengoba ihunyushwe Stonehenge. London itholakala 130 amakhilomitha ngaseningizimu-ntshonalanga. Insimu kungokwalabo isifunda esiphethe ka Wiltshire. Siqukethe umbuthano 56 emhlabeni zazo wahlela ukungcwatshwa encane "izimbobo Aubrey" (okuthiwa umcwaningi kwekhulu le-17). Le nguqulo edume kunazo zonke, ukuthi ongabala phezu kwenyanga. Kamuva baqala bangcwabe izinsalela sebefile zabantu. EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani ukhuni ubulokhu uhlotshaniswa ngempilo, futhi itshe - ngokufa.

Isakhiwo Stonehenge

In the isikhungo i-altare okuthiwa (nesithupha ton dwala ka sandstone oluhlaza). Enyakatho-mpumalanga - kweyisikhombisa-Heel Stone. Kukhona itshe-block, ngakho igama lakhe ngenxa umbala izikhulumi kulo yensimbi oxides. Ngakusasa amasongo amabili aqukethe amabhlogo ezinkulu esiqinile okwesibhakabhaka (siliceous sandstone). Ucedzela ukwakhiwa emphemeni isiyingi ne overlying amapuleti ovundlile.

Sonke isakhiwo liqukethe:

- 82 bamatshe enesisindo 5 amathani;

amabhlogo 30 ngamunye amathani 25 -;

- 5 trilitov 50 amathani ngamunye.

Bakha i lwaleli usenze okuyiyona ngxenye yomhlaba. Abantu baseBrithani yasendulo kungukuthi ngeze walibiza ngokuthi "Dance Umjikelezo seRefayimi."

Amatshe endlu Stonehenge

Ezinkulu ukuthi zasetshenziswa megalith, enemisuka ehlukene. izakhiwo Stone (noma trilitov megalits) namatshe ngabanye machining anolaka (menhirs) aqukethe sandstone calcareous namathempeli ngokhonkolo namatshe grey. Kukhona lava, tuff futhi dolerite. Ingxenye amabhlogo ungase uthole kusuka indawo 210 amakhilomitha. Bangakwazi ukuletha kokubili ezweni (ku ezinamasondo), futhi phezu kwamanzi. Esikhathini sethu, ukuhlolwa lwenziwe kwezinto, eyabonisa ukuthi iqembu labantu 24 uzokwazi ukuhambisa itshe enesisindo ithani elilodwa ngesivinini ikhilomitha elilodwa ngosuku. Isisindo emabhuloki elikhulu amathani afinyelela ku-50. block abakhi lasendulo okunjalo bangaqhubeka iminyaka eminingana.

Amatshe kusetshenzwe ngezigaba eziningana. Ngu esebenza ngemishini futhi umthelela umlilo namanzi iyunithi oyifunayo ilungele okufanele athuthwe. Futhi kuyo leyo ndawo eyenziwa phezu ukugaya okuhle nokwenza imikhiqizo yalo.

Stonehenge - umlando futhi ezinganekwaneni zasendulo

Ngokusho yetinsita megalith lalibukeka sibonga edume bili Merlin, umeluleki weNkosi u-Arthur. Wahlupheka ezinye ezinkulu nge South Wales lapho sekuyisikhathi eside ukuminyana kube imithombo engcwele. Eqinisweni, umgwaqo endaweni lapho kukhona Stonehenge, kwakunzima kakhulu. Wayekanye ngasezinkwalini futhi Abasedwaleni yilabo abathi kude kakhulu, futhi ungakwazi ngeso lengqondo indlela titanic imizamo nzima zokuthutha. I abaseduze baba zinikelwe olwandle, bese 80 amakhilomitha olunqamula zazikhishwa.

Heelstone Huge eyaqanjwa enye indaba - mayelana yokucasha uSathane kuleli ezinkulu Monk. Lokho akazange abe nesikhathi ukubaleka, uSathane waphonsela itshe kuye ocindezelwe esithendeni.

Zonke lezi ezinganekwaneni zasendulo naseBrithani, lapho Stonehenge kungenzeka awuhlangene ngalutho nesenzakalo esingokoqobo. Namuhla, ezifundweni olunemininingwane ethe xaxa ukufakazela ukuthi ukwakhiwa kwenziwa ngezigaba ezintathu kusukela 2300 kuya 1900 BC. It esebenza endaweni ethile ayizinkulungwane 2,5 eminyakeni futhi wasala kanjalo emhlabeni 1100 BC. Umlando izinhlamvu British wahlala kamuva kakhulu.

Ubani owakhela amaKhaladi Stonehenge

Nations abathi ukulakha bamatshe, abaningi, kusukela amaRoma asendulo Okhahlamba noma amaJalimane. Kuze kube manje, kwakunenkolelo yokuthi yayakhiwe ngenkulungwane yesibili BC njengenhlangano Observatory lasendulo. sezinkanyezi esidumile Hoyle bathola ukuthi i isikhathi esinembile esemkhathini of the Moon futhi ubude Abadali bonyaka ubudala kakade wayazi.

Ngo-1998, kwaba ukusiza izazi zezinkanyezi ukuba ikhompyutha yokumodela. Ngalo, safika esiphethweni sokuthi akusiyo kuphela kwenyanga ikhalenda solar, kodwa futhi model sonozungezilanga e cross-section. Futhi kumelwe iplanethi at 9, njengoba manje yaziwa, futhi 12. Mhlawumbe esikhathini esizayo kufanele silindele okutholakele eyengeziwe ngokuphathelene isakhiwo yesimiso sonozungezilanga.

IsiZulu mlando Brooks, owayefundelwa Stonehenge iminyaka eminingi, uye wabonisa ukuthi liyingxenye giant kohlelo navigation.

Ngaphandle umsebenzi Ngokwesayensi yokuhlolwa kwezinkanyezi, Stonehenge yasetshenziselwa futhi njengoba isakhiwo isiko. Lokhu kufakazelwa inqwaba zokungcwaba kanye namanye amasayithi zemikhosi kule ndawo. Abanye abacwaningi baye bathi ukuthi ithuna wamaqaba Queen Boudicca. Lokhu onesibindi wayengafuni sokunikela eya kwabaseRoma futhi ungathanda ukuthatha ushevu. Nakuba amathuna abantu wayengaphelelwa Stonehenge. Kuyoze kube phakade atholakele izinsalela umcibisheli eyodwa kuphela nomsele, eyaqala 7th ekhulwini BC.

Leli zwe belilokhu njengengcwele, ngoba ngaso sonke isikhathi izivakashi kanye abomdabu wazama ukuzehlukanisa futhi bathathe ingxenye njengoba njengentelezi. Eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule, izakhamuzi zendawo kwakukhona ngisho uhlobo lwebhizinisi - ukuqasha isando ulwe ucezu njengendlela isikhumbuzo noma knock igama lakhe imbokodo. Manje izivakashi awukwazi ngisho uthinte ngesandla sakhe phambi izindlela bamatshe, asphalt wabeka ngokukhethekile kude ezithile kusukela ezinguzungeni ezinkulu.

druids engcwele

Kukhona umbono wokuthi lena indawo amandla Druids (ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo amandla imigqa), siyivumele ukuba ukuqhuba isiko ezibucayi nenhlanganyelo amandla emvelo. Ua lesikhumbuzo ukuze ngenjikalanga - eyodwa ngaphezulu agumenti esivuna lokhu. Njengoba lokhu akuyona isizwe ahlukene akazange ashiye ubufakazi okubhaliwe, injongo Stonehenge futhi usalokhu uyimfihlakalo okukhulu.

Druids okusha cabanga ke njengoba indawo yabo pilgrimage kanye nabamele amanye imisinga yobuqaba ukubavakashela kule ndawo. Ezinsukwini ebusika ehlobo ngenjikalanga izixuku ezinkulu abalandeli druids ukuhlangabezana unkulunkulu wabo oyinhloko. I imisebe yelanga safinyelela isichume, iwe ncamashi phakathi kwamatshe mpo trilitis ngobukhulu, futhi elinemisebe kwelanga kubantu uthole ugqozi. Futhi ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi emhlabeni sezulu liguqubele kanye ngaphakathi ilanga liphume.

Ngobukhulu Stonehenge

Esinye isici Stonehenge - okusezingeni eliphezulu ukumelana zokuzamazama komhlaba. Ngenkathi kwakhiwa esetshenziswa amapuleti ekhethekile, ukucisha bese uthuthumele ezidinga ngibonelele. Kulokhu, kukhona cishe awekho subsidence inhlabathi, akunakugwenywa ukwakhiwa yesimanje.

Iyodwa into esiqiniseka ngayo: kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubani owayebaluleke abakhi ongaqondakali, alihlutha ulwazi omkhulukazi kwi-mathematics, yokuma komhlaba astronomy kanye izakhiwo. Futhi uma ucabangela ukuthi lezi zakhiwo zakhiwa ke emhlabeni wonke (imibhoshongo ecijile yaseGibithe futhi isiko Mayan), khona-ke singasho ngokuphepha ukuthi abantu yesimanje eziningi izinto nje abazi ngomlando wakhe. Ngokusho izibalo, uma namuhla Stonehenge ukwakha futhi ngamathuluzi kwaleso sikhathi, kuzothatha indoda-iri ama-2 million. Futhi ukucutshungulwa ibhukwana amatshe kwakungeke kudingeke kwezigidi ezingu-20. Lokho isizathu sokuthi abantu kwabathatha isikhathi eside kangaka, kudingeka ngempela ukuba abe makhulu.

Kanjani ukuze baye khona? Stonehenge kumephu

Ngemoto izivakashi agibele A303 komgwaqo kanye M3, okuholela ku Amesbury. Ngo Waterloo Station ukusebenzisa izitimela ukhululekile saya eSalisbury futhi Andover, futhi ukusuka lapho ungakwazi ukufinyelela ngebhasi.

ELondon ungathenga iqembu uhambo yosuku olulodwa, okuyinto kakade kuhlanganisa imali yokungena. Kusukela Salisbury uya ebhasini esifanayo, bathatha izivakashi ezivela esiteshini sesitimela. Ithikithi ingasetshenziswa usuku lonke, futhi amabhasi njalo ngehora.

Indlela ukuya maphakathi Stonehenge, ngokudlula imikhawulo?

Ngokusho imithetho abasondeli uhambe ngaphakathi Stonehenge kungavunyelwe (izivakashi zingathola Ungasondeli eduze kuka-15 metres), kodwa ezinye opharetha ukuvakasha eniyenzayo impumuzo futhi avunyelwe ukuhamba ngezinyawo, kodwa kuphela ekuseni noma ebusuku. Lawo maqembu ngokuvamile inani elilinganiselwe ababambiqhaza, ngakho-ke kuhle incwadi indawo kusengaphambili. Kulokhu, isimo sezulu kufanele kube omuhle. somlando evikelwe ngokucophelela ukuze ugweme ukulimala inhlabathi, ngakho ukuze uthole ngaphakathi Stonehenge uma imvula, ngeke aphumelele.

Lesi sakhiwo Akusikho lutho bubalwa UNESCO Site. Othile ithe kahle walondoloza yinqwaba yamatshe, futhi umuntu nje efuna uthinte wona nakho konke okuphilayo esifisa ke. Noma kunjalo, izimfihlo ezingaqondakali of Stonehenge Selokhu kwathi nhlo ukhona, futhi lokhu wanezela ekukhulekeleni amandla umqondo womuntu futhi ngikhuthazele, bavunyelwe ukwakha lesi simangaliso.