Kuyini nokuziphatha zezwe? Uhlelo Ukusebenza GEF

Akulona izindaba isayensi ukuthi baziphathe kanjani emphakathini esinenhlonipho wazalwa isikhathi eside futhi, ngokushintsha ngokuhamba ubudala, namanje waphila nokuthuthukisa kahle. Namuhla, impendulo yombuzo othi "Yini i-nokuziphatha zezwe?" Yazi, ngisho nezingane, ngoba abafundi abasebasha lento likhona Uhlelo ayimpoqo. Ngakho-ke, ukubhekana neqiniso lokuthi is isifundo esifanayo bafunda kuso guys, kubalulekile futhi olufanele.

ORKSE: kuyini?

Lokhu isifinyezo imele "Kubaluleka amasiko enkolo futhi nokuziphatha zezwe" futhi isihloko yonke indawo ebekwe Ministry Russian wezeMfundo 2012 emakilasini esikoleni sabaqalayo ezweni lonke. Ukuze zonke izindawo isihloko ngesikhathi samanje kuyinto yombuso kanye isakhi impoqo. Bases nokuziphatha zezwe nenkolo zihlanganisa amamojuli ayisithupha; omunye umfundi kanye nabamele zomthetho yabo (abazali, ababheki bezingane) ukhetsa kuphela kwalo yedwa ukuqhuba izifundo.

Imigomo Nezindlela Izinhloso

Uma kunjalo, liyini nokuziphatha zezwe, yonke into icacile, nezinhlinzeko zalowo ukuhlaziywa, okuhloswe ngalo ukwethulwa kwe sifundvo lesisemtsetfweni elisavulekele. On the umgomo lembulunga yonke elinezinto ezinhlobonhlobo jikelele Yiqiniso ORKSE zihlanganisa ukwakhiwa Encane ingane bayazi nokuziphatha zokuziphatha kanye nogqozi kuye ukugxilisa inhlonipho ingane ngoba amasiko enkolo nezamasiko labantu sezizwe zonke eRussia, umfundi ukufunda bahlanganyele inkhulumomphendvulwano namanxusa imibono ehlukene kanye nemibono. Ukuze imisebenzi yenawo esabelwe izisekelo Uhlelo wokuziphilisa izimiso zokuhle zihlanganisa:

• ukuhlakulela ezingqondweni Encane ingane Imibono ngokubaluleka izindinganiso zokuziphatha kanye nemithetho khona ehloniphekile ngazinye, umndeni, wonke umphakathi;
• amaziyo abafundi nge eziyisisekelo eziyisisekelo ongumKristu (Orthodox), Muslim, Jewish, isiko Buddhist, izihlinzeko ukunyakaza engokwenkolo yomhlaba wonke, futhi izimiso zokuhle;
• systematization we imiqondo, ulwazi nokuqonda ukwazi ezingokomoya, isimilo isiko, wathola ingane abasebasha e emabangeni yokuqala esikoleni sabaqalayo, esekelwe kumiswa zabo ukubaluleka zefilosofi incazelo, ukuhlinzeka bezibona esinobunye isiko bomdabu kanye nomlando nangezinto abazifezile ngereferensi ekutadisheni izifundo nge zezenhlalakahle orientation ezingeni eyinhloko (zesibili) esikoleni;
• ukuthuthukisa abafundi ikhono ukubambisana nabafowethu futhi ukuxhumana endaweni multi-zenkolo kanye ne-multi-yobuhlanga lapho ukuxhumana yakhiwe kumigomo ukuhloniphana kanye nokuxoxisana ukuze silondoloze ubunye emphakathini futhi ukuthula.

ekubeni kuncike

Ngakho, liyini nokuziphatha zezwe ezikoleni futhi ukwenza uma kukhona izidingongqangi oqondiswe namuhla kutholakala. Kodwa nakhu kanjani esingenisweni yenzeka esikoleni ukuqhuba, izingane entsha ngokuphelele ezazingaziwa isiyalo? Le nqubo ibizwa eyenziwa ngezigaba ezintathu eside:

1. Kusukela 2009 kuya 2011, le ndawo eyayikhulunyelwa ihlolwe 21 Izikhonzi Russian Federation.
2. Kusukela 2011 kuya ku-2014 isihloko yethulwa ngothi zonke izifunda zezwe, asekelwe futhi ihambisane nesimo simiso ulwazi nobuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana, sibonga wadala ngokukhethekile kule nsiza-Inthanethi elihlinzeka ngama base lwenhlangano methodological nolwazi oqhuba ORKSE Yiqiniso.
3. Isigaba sokugcina owawuse muva - okungukuthi, ayehlanganisa inkathi 2014 kuya 2016. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-ukuhlolwa omuhle ukusebenza ukwethulwa isiyalo esinjalo elinikwe ezikhungweni zemfundo, ngokuqondene lapho isiko lokuziphatha nolwazi amalungiselelo eyisisekelo ezinkolweni nezwe langena uhlelo esikoleni ngokuqhubekayo njengenkathi eyodwa, ngibopha into engaguquki.

Iziqondiso ekuthuthukiseni ikusasa

Esigabeni sesithathu ke Kuhlelwe nokuba kancane kancane emisebenzini ukuthuthukiswa ukubambisana ku ingxenye yesigungu maqondana Izikhonzi Russian Federation emkhakheni wezemfundo. Kuyefana nasendleleni abanye abahlanganyeli (izifundo) yenqubo zemfundo, okuyilezi:

• abazali noma nabanye abameleli zomthetho, odinga ukusizwa ukuze bakhethe ukwaziswa omunye amamojuli ahlinzekwa ngaphakathi ORKSE;
• izisebenzi abaqeqeshiwe ukuhlela inqubo emkhakheni, lababukene nekwetfulwa yokufunda Yiqiniso ngempumelelo, gcizelela ukuthi imfundiso yokuziphendukela nezinsiza yokudla, nokunye. d.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, sihlelwe ukulawula umcimbi, ukuvumela ukukhomba izinga lokufundisa tesifundvo izikhungo kamasipala kanye nesimo semfundo jikelele we Russian Federation. Domain elisekela Yokuziphatha wokuziphilisa futhi kuyasebenza luyoqhubeka Federal uhulumeni ejwayelekile ezemfundo, kuleli cala - imfundo kokuqala eyisisekelo (LEO). Ukulungisa yandiswe zizokwenziwa ikhumbula imfundo lomuntu we sencwadzi isakhamuzi Russian nokuthuthuka kwakhe ngokomoya nangokokuziphatha.

Yini okulotshwe GEF LEO?

Ukusebenza GEF uhlelo nokuziphatha zezwe sihlinzekela cwaningo ayimpoqo mayelana nale ndaba, isibonelo, ebangeni lesi-4, engakapheli amahora angu-34 ukuze siqeqeshelwe konyaka wokufunda lonke. Imvamisa yezihloko 1 umsebenzi izinsuku 5; ilungiselelo elinjalo sivunyiwe nguHulumeni RF ngo-January 28, 2012, futhi kuvikelwe incwadi ekhethekile evela eMnyango Wezemfundo Nesayensi ukuhlinzekwa akhethekile ngisho ngaphambili - Kudala ngawo-August. Ekuqaleni, isihloko ngokuthi "Basics of isiko nesimilo izizwe Russia", kodwa oda eMnyango Wezemfundo kusukela ngoDisemba 2012 ushintsho wenziwa GEF, owawuthi lodaba iye yashintsha igama layo kuya kakade ekhonjwe ngenhla ORKSE.

On umbuzo "Uyini nokuziphatha zezwe ezikoleni?" Ukuxhumana ulwazi akumelwe manje lishiywe. Nokho, njengoba isiyalo efanayo ukusebenza kule izindonga ngayinye, esikoleni ngabanye? Izinga kulokhu abaqotho: inhlangano ngokuzimela zakha isakhiwo eyinhloko yemfundo lwezifundo umsebenzi ukuhlela ku nokuziphatha zezwe, omunye amayunithi abamelwe zazo yilezi, isibonelo, uhlelo lwezifundo. Kulokhu, ukuphathwa okusadingeka ancike amanye amadokhumenti. Lokhu izenzo normative zezomthetho Russian Federation eMnyango Wezemfundo kanye noHulumeni, izinhlinzeko zoMthetho umthetho kahulumeni kanye uhlaka ezinkingeni zohlelo eziyisisekelo kwemfundvo GEF ezintweni eziyisisekelo nokuziphatha zezwe.

Kanjani ukuqapha futhi kungani sasidingeka?

Kungase kubonakale sengathi ORKSE - isihloko alikhombisi kakhulu, okungenakuqhathaniswa, ezifana wezibalo noma i-physics, lapho kukhona amafomula, imithetho kanye theorems lawo. Ingabe ukuhlola ulwazi Kulezo zimo, akunakwenzeka? Lena akuyona ngakho. Phakathi GEF iqukethe ilungiselelo owawuthi ezingeni lesifunda kanye sikahulumeni e isihloko Russia zokuqapha ngonyaka wekota yolwazi umfundi (amaphepha ukuhlolwa bendabuko, ukuhlolwa, njll) ngamunye. It ikuvumela ukuba:

• ukunquma ukuthi izidingo yezihloko WaseRussia, ephelezelwa ezengeziwe inkomba isilinganiso;
• qhathanisa futhi enothisa isipiliyoni zemfundo yazuza ngokufundisa isiyalo kuqhathaniswa "abasha";
• ukuhlonza imiphumela qualitative zohlelo, ukwakha vector of ukulungiswa yayo.

Ngemva kwalokho, imiphumela ukuqapha okwenziwa endaweni wadala ngokukhethekile lokhu okuzenzakalelayo Imininingwane-kohlaziyo uhlelo (okufutshane - LAS). Idatha egcinwe futhi kancane kancane bakha semininingwane olulodwa.

amamojuli

Isifundo ezintweni eziyisisekelo nokuziphatha zezwe ingane yakhe akhethwe abazali noma yimuphi omunye abameleli zomthetho, abenza out isicelo esibhaliwe futhi unikeze esikoleni. It unikeza 6 amamojuli - kungaba isisekelo:

1. isiko Buddhist.
2. isiko Orthodox.
3. bamasiko amaSulumane.
4. isiko lamaJuda.
5. nokuziphatha zezwe.
6. Umhlaba amasiko enkolo.

Kulokhu, abazali ezifunda ibanga lesithathu ahlinzekwa imisebenzi obuza, yazisa, ngokuhlola indalo, ukuze bakwazi ukwenza ngokuzikhethela, khulula, ukukhetha unolwazi futhi module kangcono ingane yakho. Ngokomthetho, njengoba inkambo ukuqaliswa uqobo futhi iyasiza ekutholeni abameleli lomthetho futhi kufanele kwenziwe nge ezihilela izinhlangano ezifanele eyodwa yenkolo.

Inani omuhle

Yiqiniso ORKSE evumela izingane ukuba kufundiswe wokushisekela izwe, uthando, kuhlanganise izwe elincane, abameleli bayo futhi umsebenzi wabo, ukusiza internalize izindinganiso zokuziphatha futhi ngifunde ukuba nezimfanelo ezifana inhlonipho Kwamanye amasiko, ukubekezelelana, ukubekezelelana. Yiqiniso ORKSE ihlose ukuthuthukisa metasubject futhi imiphumela yomuntu, okuyinto kuyoba usizo ukuqhubeka ingane njengoba umfundi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, luphakathi isiyalo senzeka kokubhalisa kulesi sikole umndeni: (. Uthando, ubungani, ukuzidla, umuzwa wecala, ukuziphatha, conscientiousness, nabanye) abazali nabanye abantu abadala ukusiza izingane ukuba baqonde futhi kahle ukuchaza izigaba ezahlukene, Incorporated e-lokucuketfwe kwaleso sifundvo. Ukuhlanganisa lezi zingosi imizamo kwabo bonke abathintekayo inqubo yemfundo ivumela ukuba kuzuzwe imiphumela eziphumelela kakhulu: ukuthuthukiswa kwekhono sengane sizindle izenzo zabo siqu, ukukhombisa Ukuphendula nangokokuziphatha, umsebenzi iqembu.