Kuyini ikhilikithi: isithombe kanye nencazelo isinambuzane

Medvedka kungokwalabo oda Orthoptera isinambuzane umndeni. Umuntu omdala ikhula 3.5-6 cm. Kuyinto inkathazo omnivorous. Nemisundu eminingi, izimvemvane, amacimbi, izibungu zikamanqulwane, mabhungane, ojekamanzi, iziphungumangathi kwezinambuzane ezahlukene - konke kufakwa adla. umonakalo Imvukuzane ikhilikithi zonke izinhlobo zezilimo, futhi iningi zasendle, podgryzaya izimpande zabo ngaphansi komhlaba. URuthe udla kanye imbewu, futhi nezilimo eziyizigaxa, futhi izimpande zezitshalo ovuthiwe futhi amahlumela amasha, kulimaze izingcezu eziningana, kodwa empandeni wabhubhisa bonke izithombo etshalwe.

Kuyini ikhilikithi

Izihlobo abakhulu izinyendle imvukuzane - kuba ikhilikithi nentethe, kodwa ungathandi. Futhi kubonakala sengathi yekhilikithi? Uneziqu ukubukeka engavamile kakhulu, a esiswini esikhulu 2/3 wonke umzimba.

Inamandla phambi ingxenye yomzimba siqukethe ikhanda exhunyiwe nasesifubeni, obumba cephalothorax. It ivikelwe igobolondo chitinous, lapho ikhilikithi uyakwazi ukudweba uma ikhanda ingozi. Esiswini elithambile, ne iziqu ezimbili shaggy.

Lowo mbhangqwana wokuqala we etholakalayo 6 izinyawo eyenzelwe ukumba izindima komhlaba sifana ezisontekile uqweqwe tibia ngezidladla imvukuzane. Igama Lesi'Latin Gryllotalpa imvukuzane izinyendle ihunyushwa Russian ngokuthi "imvukuzane-ikhilikithi". Ngo izilwane ezisencane amaphiko kungukuthi athuthukile, kanye nabantu abadala amaphiko yangempela, okuvumela ukuba ihambe. izinambuzane abadala ensundu isisu kube lula, abasha medvedok umzimba kancane alula kakhulu kunomoya abadala.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha imvukuzane izinyendle

Entwasahlobo lapho inhlabathi lifudumeza kufika ku-12 degrees ukushisa, phumani ezweni izinyoni overwintering. Thanda izinyendle izinyendle imvukuzane, kwabesilisa nabesifazane ukuheha okhethwe kusihlwa futhi ebusuku zitshiyoze.

Insikazi Ukuvubukula isidleke ngaphansi phansi enezindonga obukhulu lwaleli oyindilinga. Ekupheleni spring ekuseni ehlobo, defers emgodini ezilungiselelwe amaqanda 250 kuya kwangu-600. Funda indlela ibukeke amaqanda imvukuzane izinyendle ungakwazi, uma uthola esikhehleni uyivule. Uma ulapho ungabona encane njengomnikelo wokusanhlamvu amabele, ubukhulu amaqanda ku 3-3.5 mm aphuzi-grey umbala.

Kusukela imvukuzane Crickets emgodini ubukeka engavamile kakhulu, ngeke kube kudidaniswe lutho. Kuyadingeka ukuba ulithole inhlabathi futhi ababhubhise ngaphambi izinambuzane Ugcwalise yonke indawo. Jack ngakho ekhasa, uma bona-ke, ungakwazi ukususa izandla zakho kusukela emhlabeni, futhi uzobuyisa ukuma. Pest ecentacenta phansi eziningi imigudu ukuthi ukusebenzisa ngalé kwalokho okubonakala kalula emhlabathini ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, kodwa esidlekeni ebusweni emhubheni owawugujwe emgqeni Kuvunguza, nokuthi isokhethi akuyona ivele igcwale amanzi emgudwini esemqoka ye yiziphethu Special. Ngakho-ke, indlela ukubukeka imvukuzane izinyendle uhamba, ungabona bayindlu Jack noma cha.

Kubonakala sengathi i-ikhilikithi encane imvukuzane

Izindawo lapho esezinzile , lezi zinambuzane zingatholakala ku ezinamasondo okuxekethile phezu kwenhlabathi futhi izimbobo efana ezithela of Wormholes, kodwa ezincane. Ngenhla slot isitshalo akuyona njengoba esifazane gnaws zonke izimpande, uzama ukwenza indawo ngangokunokwenzeka kwelanga sekuqala ukufudumala. Imvukuzane ivikela nenzalo yabo, ahlanze ne amaqanda kanti izibungu isikhunta yisinanakazana. Lezi ziphungumangathi zasondela ziyaphuma amaqanda ngemuva 2 amaviki.

Ngaphambi kokuba abe umuntu omdala, isibungu nokwebuza kuthiwa ama izikhathi 8-9. Kunzima ukufunda, ngakho-ke libukeka isibungu ka izinyendle imvukuzane nasenkathini lokuqala akakuthandanga isinambuzane omdala hhayi njengoba abameleli iminyaka elandelayo. Lezi ziphungumangathi zasondela kwesikhathi ukukhanya, bafana izicabucabu, kodwa, ngokungafani yokugcina, abanayo 8 imilenze 6. Bona bayizimpumputhe futhi angasebenzi, udle isikhuphasha embryonic elise craw yabo. Ngemva molt kuqala okuphakelayo isibungu ku humus ke uqhubekela Ukudla eyinhloko medvedok omdala.

Ngemuva kwezinsuku 25-30 izibungu ukushiya isidleke, futhi ngamunye ngaphandle libukeka omdala imvukuzane ikhilikithi, kodwa ezincane futhi engenamaphiko. Okokuqala instar isibungu kuyinto 15 ubukhulu mm, owesibili - 20, eyesithathu - 25, kanti owesine (pronymph) - 35 mm. Ngakho-ke, indlela okubukeka izinyendle imvukuzane izibungu ubukhulu kungenzeka ukunquma yobudala bayo. Ngo kwentwasahlobo, labantu siqukethe medvedok omdala izinambuzane (imago) kanti izibungu ikakhulukazi 3-4 instar

Lapho Ubusika ikhilikithi

Abantu abadala kanye izibungu imvukuzane izinyendle overwinter enhlabathini amavesi thwi ngokufanele. Abadala ukuya 1 imitha kanti izibungu ukujula - 0.5 m izibungu Overwintered zihluke abadala beya amaphiko .. Ngemva nokwebuza kuthiwa ama ambalwa ngaphezulu ziba abantu abadala ekupheleni ehlobo yezimpilo zabo yesibili. Inombolo nokwebuza kuthiwa ama incike sezulu sale ndawo. Ngo ngaphezulu ezindaweni eningizimu nokwebuza kuthiwa ama ukuthuthukiswa ezincane futhi ngokushesha.

Le ndawo yokusabalalisa

Habitat kuyinto inhlabathi kahle oswakanyiswe, ngenkathi ungakwazi futhi ukubhukuda yehle, futhi fly, futhi ukusebenzisa fast and kahle ukumba imigudu ngomshoshaphansi. It ukhetha ukuphila eduze imizimba amanzi e ezimfundeni amanzi, kodwa ungakwazi yini ukuhlala kude amanzi, ukugwema izindawo ezomile kakhulu kuphela. Imvukuzane uhlala bonke eMpumalanga naseNtshonalanga Yurophu, kodwa ezindaweni enyakatho kakhulu, kuwo wonke amazwe ase-Asiya, Melika naseNyakatho Afrika.

Lena isinambuzane lasendulo kakhulu ukuthi kuyabonakala ngisho konje ifana ikhilikithi ibhungane. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi bug ayilungile ukuyibiza, kubizwa abameleli nezifundo zezentuthwae ka Coleoptera, futhi ikhilikithi eyilungu oda Orthoptera izinambuzane. Unalokhu engqondweni, singasho ukuthi kubukeka sengathi i ikhilikithi isinambuzane. Bavele Emhlabeni eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-3 million edlule nangaleso sikhathi ngokuphelele bazivumelanisa kwezimo ezihluke kakhulu eziphilayo.

Chemical, izindlela Agro-lobuchwepheshe kanye nezamagciwane ezibhubhisa

Belly izibungu ikhilikithi kunganciphisa inani mabhungane kanye amabhu. Endle, kuletha izinzuzo ngokwanele ukuthi zinkulu umonakalo ukuthi isetshenziswa izitshalo. Kodwa, ngeshwa, ngokuvamile luhlala ku kutshalwa emazweni, amasimu ezithelo futhi zokugcina. Kungaba ivele futhi ngidlulise nobusika endaweni engcolileyo noma umquba. Uma usebenzisa umquba, singavumeli ukuba humus, umhlaba uyokwenziwa itheleleke hhayi izinambuzane kuphela, kodwa futhi imbewu ukhula.

Njengoba endaweni kutshalwa umonakalo imvukuzane izinyendle kusobala ngaphezulu, amakhulu amaningi eminyaka, ukulima indoda iye yaqamba izindlela eziningi ukunciphisa labantu isinambuzane ezahlukene.

1. Ukusetshenziswa amakhemikhali. Ziyakwazi ephumelela kakhulu ukulawula izinambuzane. Ukusetshenziswa zinambuzane kudinga ukuhambisana zonke imiyalelo ngokuvamile azinakwa. Kodwa ushevu obulala umzimba owodwa, akukwazi ingozi omunye! Ikakhulu wasebenzisa zinambuzane organophosphate futhi iphathwa lolo them manje wangcwatshwa emhlabathini ( "Fenaksin plus", "Medvetoks"). Entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokutshala izitshalo zokugcina esetshenziswa lolo nokuwa, lapho isivuno kuvuna, kanye ikhilikithi namanje pyrethroids asebenzayo esetshenziselwa fumigating, okungukuthi abamba ukushisa fumigation usebenzisa izinto ekhishwe ngomyalelo iphephile kubantu nasezilwaneni, kodwa ubulala izinambuzane.
2. izinyathelo Agro-technical esetshenziswa ukulawula izinambuzane. Lezi zindlela zibandakanya izindlela ukudala kwezimo ezingezinhle nezilokazane. Le ndlela ushibhile kunamanye futhi kubeka isisekelo imikhiqizo Isizalo ahlanzekile wezolimo. Isibonelo salokhu ziba ngcono nomhlabathi ukumba, ukugujwa imigomo elikhulu lokutshala, ukhula, ukusetshenziswa umquba amaminerali.
3. Ukusetshenziswa amagciwane ukubhubhisa medvedok. Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi ukusebenza abanakho izimbangi. Isimiso esiyisisekelo - kuyinto ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa eziklanyelwe ezibangela ukukhunta isifo yisinanakazana izinambuzane.
4. Kukhona eyodwa ngaphezulu zobuchwepheshe indlela medvedok isivikelo ezindaweni ezincane. On indawo yakhe, ungabeka "oxosha" ultrasonic. Kuyadingeka ukuthi baye balwela njalo, ngaphandle kwalokho izinambuzane bayobuyela ndawo.

Folk nezindlela mechanical ekulweni

Phakathi izindlela ezidumile control inkathazo kuyinto izindlela eziphumelelayo kakhulu. Lezi zihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa Iziphungo zezitshalo ezihlukahlukene, betshala okuyinto awukwazi ukubekezelela izinambuzane, ukusetshenziswa izingibe. Ungakwazi bangcwabe izimbiza ezigcwele amanzi nge 2/3, got ikhilikithi ngeke bakwazi ukuphuma bebodwa. Abanaso uthanda iphunga ezinye izimbali, ezifana marigolds futhi Chrysanthemums. Indlela ezithakazelisayo kuyinto ukufaka uvalo phezu kwesigaba turntables vane. On izigxobo mncane kungase kufakwe abaningana kubo. Njengoba uphendule, vibration udluliselwa umhlabathi, futhi uma kukhona "bug" ikhilikithi, kukushiya esiteshini.

Indlela eminingi yasendulo - kuyinto mechanical ekubhujisweni medvedok. Izinambuzane ngesandla ukuqoqa futhi ababhubhise, mba izicupho, umquba ahlanzekile kusuka nezilokazane. Bonke kuphumelela kakhulu, kodwa kakhulu isikhathi esiningi futhi ezingemnandi, njengoba ikhilikithi ubukeka esabise. Lezi zindlela Site ezindaweni ezincane.

Ukukhangwa endaweni izitha zemvelo

Ukusetshenziswa izitha zemvelo libhekisela kuyinto izindlela ethandwa hhayi kakhulu, musa ulethe ukwaneliseka esifanayo sokuziphatha mechanical, kodwa kukhona enengqondo kakhulu. Lezi zindlela zibandakanya edonsa izinyoni ezweni, izibankwa, amaxoxo. Medvedka odla encane bittern, starlings, Ehlasela futhi izibankwa shrews. Ngokuvamile bebonakala endaweni njengoba izivakashi bengamenyiwe, futhi abaningi babo nje kudingeka uvikelwe, njengoba izinzuzo yobukhona babo sobala.

Kuthiwani uma kukhona abangu chirruping endaweni

The best kuyizinto izindlela acabangele ubunjalo inkathazo. Ukuze balahle izinyendle imvukuzane, kubalulekile entwasahlobo ekuqaleni kwehlobo lokufeza inter-irowu hoeing kumuntu ka 15-20 cm for the bangabonwa futhi ukubhujiswa izidleke isinambuzane ukujula. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ungakwazi ushiye kweqembu umquba ukuze akhange izinsikazi futhi lapho basuke lapho abeke isidleke sakhe, ungawujikijeli umquba futhi ababhubhise esidlekeni. Ngo ekwindla, lapho ikhilikithi ifuna indawo ebusika, kuyaphumelela imigodi emhlabathini a ka 0.5-0.7 m ukujula, ayigcwalisa umquba. imigodi ezinjalo ezikhangayo kubo, bangena umquba, nalapho frost iqala umquba kufanele kube aphume imigodi ukuze bayithole futhi abahlakaze phezu kwenhlabathi. Futhi izinambuzane omdala kanti izibungu hhayi ongema amakhaza futhi bafe.

Lapho ebeka zokugcina kudingeka ubuyekeze ngokucophelela indlela kokutholakala izinambuzane omdala noma izidleke emhlabeni zokugcina kudingeka bambe inkatho ekubambeni. Umquba senzelwe zokugcina, kudingeka ukhethe futhi ababhubhise medvedok. Ukwazi ukuthi, kubukeka sengathi ikhilikithi, ngeke miss emehlweni ke.