Kungani Khrushchev wanika eCrimea Ukraine? Yiziphi izizathu zaleso nokudliwa eCrimea kuya Ukraine?

Kungani Khrushchev wanika eCrimea? Lo mbuzo wabuzwa abantu abaningi namuhla. Mayelana izenzakalo kwezinyanga lwakamuva kabusha Kwadlula futhi azungeza esikhaleni ulwazi izinganekwane mayelana ubunikazi indawo eCrimea. Ikakhulukazi ngenkuthalo ihaba legend of the "isipho bobukhosi 'Nikity Hruscheva. Yisho isixazululo sakho yedwa (ngakhoke engumlanjwana) wanika nhlonhlo e-Ukraine. Futhi kunjengokungathi cauldron enamandla yase-USSR impahla republic anobuhlobo babe luyingxenye ezingokomfanekiso, futhi abantu wathula - konke ngenxa yokuthi kwakukhona jikelele, Soviet. Kulabo abathanda iqiniso zomlando, izinganekwane hhayi zezombusazwe, injongo okuyinto - lokulungisiswa ngemibono wokungenela republic ezimele Russian, eyenziwa ukuhlaziywa imithombo. Asizwise lokhu kungani Khrushchev wanika eCrimea Ukraine, kuba ukuthi it is "bebe bekhuluma" nokuthi "Ninikele" kujabulise.

Amaqiniso redrawing kwakuwukuthi republic yezwe eU.SSR

mlando Russian baye wayevame ukukhuluma ukudluliselwa eCrimea kuya Ukraine isenzo engakaze ibonwe. Zwi Khrushchev walithanda leli zwe futhi wasebenzisa esenzeka Pereyaslav Council izwe ozithandayo "liye landa zemelku". Empeleni, isenzo ukudluliselwa enhlonhlweni kuya Ukraine RFSSR babengenalo olwalusikisela ngemibono. Lesi sinqumo nje isuke ibangelwa izisusa luyingxenye kwezomnotho, kwezomnotho. Futhi ukudlulisa ezifana akuyena kuphela. Ngakho, ngo-1924, i-eTaganrog wesifunda esifundazweni IDonetsk yanikwa Russia. kamuva Waba isifunda Rostov esifundeni. Kodwa iningi labantu esifundeni, ikakhulukazi labo abahlala ezindaweni zasemakhaya - Ukraine yobuhlanga. Kodwa emuva nhlonhlo yethu. Kungani Khrushchev wanika eCrimea Ukraine? Akukona nje isiqephu sezwe, kuba - konke Union impilo yokungcebeleka ... Kodwa ukuthi kwakungokomthetho ukuthi ngo-1954?

Inkolelo-ze 1 Khrushchev wanika eCrimea kuya Ukraine

Ngo-1990, ngemva kokuwa kweSoviet Union, kwakungekho inkulumo ngakho. Abanye osopolitiki Russian iphakamisile "entabeni" kuyi YaseCrimea. Bathola-umkhwe Khrushchev, Alekseya Adzhubeya, futhi yamyala, intatheli okhokhelwayo, i-athikili esekelwe izinkumbulo siqu lezo zenzakalo. Wagcwalisa oda. Kodwa isihloko esithi "Indlela futhi kungani Khrushchev wanika eCrimea Ukraine. Izinkumbulo kuya kulesitfupha ngesihloko inikezwe "kwaba a senze kuya bocwepheshe zezombusazwe. Ngokwe-intatheli, ngo-1954, isikhundla umukhwe wakhe yesihlalo sobukhosi laseSoviet esintengayo kakhulu. Yiqiniso, yena waba nguNobhala lokuqala CPSU Central Committee, kodwa izwe namanje ugijima "oklebe" uStalin - Malenkov, Molotov, Kaganovich, Voroshilov, Bulganin. Ukuze wenze izinqumo ezinkulu, ngisho nalezo kungaholela icala uyamzwela ezincane kazwelonke alimaze "mfowethu elikhulukazi", kuyoba ingxenye Khrushchev sika iDemo obona ngokucacile kakhulu.

Inkolelo-ze 2: Khrushchev presents eCrimea kuya Ukraine

Sizama nokuzala izenzakalo sikhathi. ECrimea, njengabanye wangaphambili ngaphansi umsebenzi wamaNazi umhlaba, kakhulu ezilimele ngesikhathi sempi. Kodwa esibi kunazo kwakungamadodana ukulahleka komuntu. Inani labantu base-enhlonhlweni sanqunywa ngesigamu, kwathi ngo-1944 kwaba abantu 780.000. Esikhundleni sokuxazulula inkinga nge-human resources, ubuholi lamaSoviet laqala "kohlanga." yizinkulungwane ezingamashumi ayisihlanu amaJalimane ophilayo enhlonhlweni kusukela esikhathini uCatherine II, waba evicted ezinsukwini zakuqala yempi. Futhi ngemuva kokuphela isiphetho sabo liphindwe 250 ayizinkulungwane YaseCrimea AmaTatar, ngubani babesolwa ngokuchema "ekusizeni abahlaseli." Bekanye nabo zixoshwa futhi baseBulgaria yobuhlanga, amaGreki, Armenia amaCzech namaRomany. Ngenxa yalokho izinqubomgomo ezingasebenzi umnotho nhlonhlo wawa ngokuphelele. Ukukhulisa ke okungenani ezingeni lezinombolo pre-impi, uhulumeni wayala iziphathimandla ukunikeza Ukraine SSR Peninsula amanzi energy imithombo. Phela, kukhona angekho kakhulu.

Inkolelo-ze 3: Ukraine kwase kwendlulela kubo bonkhe gotovenkoe

Uhulumeni waseSoviet unqume ukugcwalisa onqenqemeni eyihlane abokufika Russian ezalethwa ikakhulu kusukela enyakatho. Abaningi babo siphila emizini AmaTatar badingiselwa futhi abangu bathola "ifa" izwe lonke imikhaya yawo. lapha kuphela abalimi we iVolga kanye Arkhangelsk onqenqemeni emvinini, ugwayi, kubalulekile-uwoyela izitshalo abonile okokuqala empilweni yami. A amazambane kanye iklabishi ezimbi yenyuka sezulu omile YaseCrimea. Ngenxa ishumi leminyaka 'ukuphatha "emnothweni, inhlonhlo ye-ayikashintshi zibe ngcono. Ngokuphelele wanyamalala kule legatsha wezolimo njengemvu. Isivini ekutshaleni lehle ngamaphesenti angu ayisikhombisa yemikhiqizo izingadi kwaba ephansi ngisho kunalokho of izihlahla zasendle. Yingakho Khrushchev wanika eCrimea Ukraine - abalimi base-USSR Zazikujwayele ezikhulayo izithelo eningizimu nemifino, futhi izimo zezulu of Kherson nase-Odessa esifundeni akuyona okuningi ezahlukene kusukela emaqeleni noma eDzhankoy Simferopol wesifunda.

prehistory

Nokho Khrushchev nendima yokuthi ngo-1954 kwaba khona umcimbi obalulekile - ngokujoyina eCrimea e-Ukraine. Khrushchev weza waya enhlonhlweni isigamu ngonyaka ngaphambi, eliqhutshwa umqondo ummbila amazwe eSoviet Union. Wayehamba wakwakhe, u-Aleksey Adzhubey. Uyakhumbula: "Nikita Sergeyevich esasikuyo manje nayo yayibiyelwe isixuku labalimi. Njengoba lo mhlangano kwaba ngempela ibhizinisi, kodwa hhayi ngoba irekhodi, ingxoxo bekatjhaphulukile. Abalimi bakhale ngokuthi amazambane ayibi lapha, iklabishi wilts, izimo okungabekezeleleki. "Sasishumayela bekhohliswa" - ziya ziba mandla wezwa esixukwini. Ngabo lobo busuku, Khrushchev waya Kiev. Emhlanganweni, esigodlweni Mariinsky, wanxusa ubuholi Ukrainian ukusiza labantu ukuhlupheka kule nhlonhlo. "Kumele Southerners abathanda izingadi, amabele, amazambane ungalilahli", - wathi ".

Inkolelo-ze 4: The illegitimacy "isipho"

Ezinye izazi-mlando abonakele baphikisa ngokuthi ukudluliswa eCrimea Ukraine, Khrushchev kwakumane nje kuyindawo isipho ngesikhathi kugujwa iminyaka engu-300th we Pereyaslav Rada. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi lesi senzo kuhlukaniswa enhlonhlweni Russian komhlaba kuyinto engumlanjwana. Ngenxa yalokho, ukubusa okwamanje eCrimea ukuba Russia - ukubuyiselwa ubulungiswa zomlando. Kodwa ingabe kunjalo? Qhashisa us landela izenzakalo. Ngo-September 1953 waphinde uya plenum we CPSU. The main theme - isimo ezolimo. Inhloko Ephakeme KaHulumeni leKomiti Central futhi Usihlalo Council of Ministers ngaleso sikhathi kwakuwukuthola G. M. Malenkov. Kuyinto ngalesi mhlangano kwanqunywa ukuze uthumele enhlonhlweni Ukraine kusukela emnothweni YaseCrimea nokunye yayisivele ngokwanele ihlanganiswe ngesi-Ukraine. Ekupheleni kwamasonto ayisithupha, ngasekupheleni kuka-October 1953, isinqumo leKomiti Central waphendula lekomiti yesifunda YaseCrimea. Wakhuphuka nesisekeli esifanele "isinyathelo ngenzansi." Phakathi nobusika 1953-1954. olwenziwa olunzulu emsebenzini ngemibono. Njengoba eSoviet Union akenzanga lutho ngaphandle kufinyeta base yamaSoviet, kwanqunywa ukuba kuhambisane ukudluliselwa enhlonhlweni ngu republic udade kwenye esenzeka abantu Ukraine ukuzihlanganisa kabusha Russia. Ngemva kokudlulisa "kuyi YaseCrimea" kuzo zonke izimo zomthetho, February 19, 1954 kwafika isenzakalo esibalulekile emlandweni. Ephakeme KaHulumeni ye -USSR Ephakeme Council bamukela ngazwilinye isimemezelo ku endaweni ukudluliswa kusuka Russian republic Ukrainian Soviet. Ekugcineni, lesi sinqumo kwaqinisekiswa kuphela ngo-Ephreli 1954. Ngakho-ke lezi zinsolo ukuthi Khrushchev wanika eCrimea kuya Ukraine, kukha phezulu futhi ngokomlando ayilungile.

Umthelela ukudluliswa

Entwasahlobo ka-1954 waqala ukuza waya enhlonhlweni nezifiki kusuka Ukraine - Kiev, Chernigov futhi ezindaweni aseningizimu. Imiphumela kungabonwa kule minyaka emihlanu edlule. isiteshi ngokuchitha amanzi kusukela Dnieper kwakhiwa. Lokhu uhlelo ngenkasa bavunyelwe ukuletha ezolimo nhlonhlo zisesimweni esihle. SSR Ukrainian, aphethwe sebhasi line omude kunayo yonke emhlabeni, Akhé zonakale phakathi nempi, Sevastopol, ukukhulisa umnotho asemaqeleni eCrimea. Lokhu obonwa amaphephandaba yaseSoviet yokuthuthela sikhathi - nje abheke imvuthuluka ubudala. Ngakho umbuzo mayelana nokuthi kungani Khrushchev wanika eCrimea kuya Ukraine, kwenzelwe nje zezombusazwe. Umlando uphendula ke ngokuhlukile kancane kuka-TV yesimanje.