Khorezm esifundeni Uzbekistan. Zakudala Nezanamuhla

Isifunda enyakatho Republic Uzbekistan - Khorezm esifundeni - ise elele ongaphakeme-plain, ingxenye yalo kuyinto delta elisencwadini yasendulo Amudarya emfuleni, enye ingxenye entshonalanga naseningizimu-ntshonalanga eseduze Karakum ehlane, lapho komngcele Turkmenistan. Iphinde elisemngceleni eBukhara esifundeni Uzbekistan kanye Karakalpak onqenqemeni.

izifunda zokuphatha

Umngcele Turkmenistan kuyinto Khorezm esifundeni. Urgench idolobha Inhloko-dolobha yayo. Small endaweni esifundeni kungaphansi kwama-2% wayo yonke Uzbekistan -. Ayizinkulungwane 6.3 sq M. angu. On insimu yalo kukhona amadolobha 3 (Urgench, Khiva, Pitnak) kanye 9 emizaneni. izifunda Ubude zokuphatha (mists) - 11 nasemzini lesifunda kwakuwukuthi Urgench. Kuyinto yedolobha lanamuhla ezimbonini nge ingqalasizinda athuthukile. Lihlala abantu 163.000. Kunikezwe ezokuthutha zomphakathi. Phakathi Urgench futhi Khiva uya Sibona interurban.

Nature Khorezm

Khorezm esifundeni iseningizimu loMfula i-Amu Darya River esisheshayo, esebenza njengesikhali umthombo wamanzi kule ndawo ephuma kabili eyomile. River egeleza bekhwela flat, it has a kwimfunda esikhulu coast flat, okuyinto zigcwele phakathi entwasahlobo izikhukhula. Ngenxa ochithekile yayo ebanzi lapho ukuletha daka, nosawoti nenhlabathi isivuno esibi isivuno ocebile. Amanzi Amu Darya kabanzi ukunisela. Ezikhathini zaseSoviet, esinamandla isimiso sokunisela ngenkasa, okuhlanganisa iziteshi ngenkasa Shavat, Klychbay, Palvan-Jihad, Tashsakinsky nabanye.

indawo Yeningizimu has amachibi amaningi amancane, ikakhulukazi usawoti, amaxhaphozi kanye nosawoti emaxhaphozini tugai yene - yene, ehlanganisa Poplar, willow, Clematis, Lohan nezinye izitshalo, ezithi azibe ehlane. Lakes nasemaxhaphozini ezakhiwe izikhukhula insimu ka uzamcolo, amanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Umfula amumethe inhlanzi, iyikhaya eyikati, chub, bream, saber inhlanzi, carp, utshani carp kanye nezinye izinhlobo. Nasemahlathini riparian atholakala izingulube zasendle eBukhara izinyamazane, onogwaja, amakati ehlathini, izimbila kanye nabanye abameleli nezilwane.

Ezolimo nezimboni

Khorezm esifundeni, izindawo lapho iningi ukotini Simila kanye / imikhiqizo yezolimo, kubhekwa ukuba Agro-ezimbonini. Abantu bakhona ikakhulukazi wahlanganyela kwezolimo emazweni ekuniseleni. Nge main / x isivuno siba ukotini, okuyinto usesikhundleni ingxenye enkulu ekukhiqizeni Imininingwane okwedlulele. Ukuvikela wangaphezulu emimoyeni kanye amasimu yatshalwa eziningi kamalibhele izihlahla basisebenzisa njengeHholo umfutho for zizalela amacimbi kasilika ukukhonza njengephayona umthombo usilika okuluhlaza. Emkhakheni kutshalwa okusanhlamvu, imifino kanye nezithelo. Lapha kukhona amakhabe edumile emhlabeni wonke amnandi futhi elimnandi Khorezm.

Umkhakha ikakhulukazi igxile ukucutshungulwa imikhiqizo yezolimo, ngaphezu, esifundeni kukhona amabhizinisi akhiqiza ukotini nosilika izindwangu, kuthiwa abathungela futhi imishini ukunitha. Khorezm esifundeni bekulokhu ezidumile emhlabeni wonke abadumile Khiva amatshe. Ngo Khiva usebenza ukukhiqizwa omkhulu ukhaphethi-ihlanganisa.

Nedra esifundeni ocebile uwoyela, igesi, igolide, isiliva nezinye ezingavamile emhlabeni izinsimbi, zemabula egwadle. Olwenziwe isizinda sabo futhi ukucubungula.

Izwe Khorezm lasendulo

Ngithanda ukucacisa ukuthi izwe Khorezm, njengoba lalibizwa kanjalo, futhi ngokuthi manje - ke Khorezm esifundeni. Urgench ibilokhu ingeyona nenhloko-dolobha yalo. Uma umuzi wasendulo elinegama elifanayo sekuneminyaka futhi kwaba amakhilomitha 150 kusukela Urgench samanje. Kodwa ngezizathu ezingaziwa, Amu Darya washintsha inkambo yayo nabantu wawuyeka.

Nature endaweni akusho ifa ubuhle, kodwa ukugeleza izivakashi liyakhula unyaka nonyaka. Lokhu lula umlando Khorezm, izikhumbuzo zalo ezinhle kakhulu, okuyinto ezigcinwe, abuyiselwe futhi waletha phambi izivakashi e ubuhle acwebile lasendulo. Isifunda njalo esebenza mikhankaso bemivubukulo ngamazwe ukutadisha wemizi yasendulo, lapho kukhona abaningi.

Khorezm kubhekwa sombuso impucuko womuntu. Abavubukuli bathole ukuthi labantu bezwe owawuse emuva VI-V zeminyaka BC. Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala Khorezm eziqukethwe "Avesta» (I yeminyaka BC. E.). Ngokusho yetinsita le ndawo ekhaya Zarathustra abadumile - umpristi nomprofethi, umsunguli namaZoroaster, esanikwa isikhulu ekwambulweni Ahura Mazda, ine uhlobo "Avesta". Lona inkolo yokuqala Emhlabeni.

Ngokuhamba zeminyaka, ezweni Khorezm wazibona izenzakalo eziningi, ukudlondlobala nokuwa impucuko, ukunqoba, ekubhujisweni ezintsha eziholela ukuchuma edolobheni. Emizini Khorezm, Urgench futhi Khiva athuthukile isayensi nezobuciko. Yomzabalazo waphakade amanzi uvunyelwe ukudala lasendulo ngenkasa imisebenzi, baguqula ezingaphili usawoti emafulethini ku oasis ukuqhakaza. Ifa we oludlule - esikhumbuzo yezakhiwo lasendulo, bazobambisana ukubona yizivakashi ezivela kuwo wonke umhlaba.

Amaparele Uzbekistan - Khiva

Ancient Khiva - Khiva dolobha yombuso, okuyinto eyaba eyayiyingxenye yoMbuso Russian ngasekupheleni XIX leminyaka - elandelela umlando walo kusukela endulo, kodwa iningi bachuma XIX-XX eminyaka. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, i izakhiwo yezakhiwo emangalisayo yayakhiwa insimu yalo, okuyinto afakiwe UNESCO njengoba eziyiNgcebo Yomhlaba izindawo.

Iningi lazo tibheke Ichan-Kala. Lesi sakhiwo, empeleni kuyinto edolobheni lasendulo, azungezwe izindonga awugqinsi. I evelele kunazo esikhumbuzo yezakhiwo: i minaret Kalta Minar madrasa Muhammad Amin Khan, esigodlweni Muhammad Rahim Khan, mosque kanye Mausoleum ka Bibi Hajar, Shahimardan Mausoleum, Mausoleum Sheikh Mavlon Bobo.

endaweni Hazarapsky

I eseningizimu kubhekwe Xazorasp District of Khorezm esifundeni, sifaka 15 nemizana, ayisizwe esikhulu okuyinto Pitnak edolobheni. Kuze kube maphakathi nawo-1990, wabizwa ngokuthi Ubungane. Ngokusebenzisa sidlule ulayini wesitimela-Urgench Turkmenobad. Isebenzisa imoto isitshalo.

Maphakathi isifunda edolobheni lasendulo Khazarasp. On insimu yalo kuyagcinwa izinsalela izindonga lasendulo enezivikelo eziqinile, lapho kukhona izintuba ukuze ivikele lo muzi. Amakhona izindonga ethwele imibhoshongo. Phakathi eyenziwa imivubukulo izindengezi atholakele, ogama yobudala lichazwa ngokuthi BC mina yeminyaka. Umuzi ku-Amu Darya bemba Grand Canal, owawungumnyaka imikhumbi.

Qo'shko'pir wesifunda

Okunye ukuqinisekiswa bezwe lasendulo wathola Khorezm esifundeni - Qo'shko'pir District, okuyinto ezindaweni ezikude kakhulu zaleli Uzbekistan. On insimu yalo lapho Koshkupyr ngomzana, eduze okuyinto Imorat-bobo - eyinkimbinkimbi yezakhiwo etholakala endaweni yamathuna lasendulo. Lihlanganisa mosque emzaneni nge minaret futhi mausoleums ezintathu, emi ngaphandle nomunye. Le ndawo ngempela emuva. Lapha bekwi ezolimo.