Izinhlobo Izikhulumi: design, ukubuyekeza, Ukucaciswa

Sekuyisikhathi eside Izikhulumi Sawubona kusukela ephakeme intengo ingxenye saphela ikholomu elula, uhlobo amabhokisi, wenza umsindo ngosizo yebhangqa izikhulumi. Onjiniyela unyaka nonyaka, ngobuhlakani, nokuguqula umkhakha futhi unit ngayinye ibe umsebenzi encane yobuciko ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu kungaba liphindwe. Kunezinhlobo entsha izipikha, izindlela ezintsha okukhiphayo komsindo amandla ukushintshashintsha futhi ukuphakama kwawo namandla awo, nokunye nokunye. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwaba khona isakhiwo multicomponent lonke, echaza izinhlobo ezahlukene izikhulumi. Empeleni, lesi kuzoxoxwa ngakho imigomo elandelayo into.

Izigaba izikhulumi

Ngakho, ukuze uqale lungisa izici eziyisisekelo ukuthi, yiziphi izikhulumi, bese kuphela ukuthola lokho abayikho kanye nendlela ehlukile komunye nomunye.

Lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo Izikhulumi:

• Ishalofu bese phansi izinhlelo. Kusukela isihloko kuyacaca ukuthi bayehluka ngesisekelo ukufakwa endlini futhi ngobukhulu.
• Futhi, izipikha zihlukaniswa inani bands (eqinisweni, inani izikhulumi) - kusukela omunye eziyisikhombisa.
• Kukhona ashukumisayo, electrostatic, Planar nezinye izikhulumi, kuncike design of the izikhulumi, okungakwazi awela noma isigaba (wonkhe umuntfu kweyeme etinyatselweni umcabango onjiniyela).
• Kuye acoustic design izakhiwo, amakholomu zihlukaniswe izinhlelo nge umzimba evulekile, ivaliwe izindlu ne bass reflex design nge uxhaxha acoustic, nokunye.
• Amakholomu zihlukaniswe yekwentiwa kuye khona kwalezi amplifier ehlangene okulalelwayo.

Single-band nezipikha multiband

Single-band izipikha anemisila eyodwa emitter olulodwa, futhi kanjani ukuze kukhululwe othile emitter for kabusha esihle wonke amaza ngesikhathi esisodwa akunakwenzeka, abakhiqizi kumele usebenzise emitters eziningana ezahlukene amisiwe.

Kukhona futhi 2- Indlela acoustic uhlelo (nokuba 3, 4). In izinhlelo ezinjalo, efakwe ezimbili kurediyetha. Omunye eqala kabusha imisindo ephansi, futhi ophansi, futhi zizalane yesibili kuphela amaza okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ngalokhu indlela ekahle umsindo ibhalansi abayifunayo okungu-2-indlela uhlelo isikhulumi, akunakwenzeka usebenzisa isikhulumi esisodwa (ngisho noma kuhle kakhulu). Umsindo isikhulumi ngokuvamile ngokwanele abantu ongenalwazi abanye abangakwazi ukukhuluma izinhlelo okuthuthukile, kodwa kukhona izinketho kwamukeleke kangconywana, ezifana 3-indlela uhlelo nazo. 3-indlela isikhulumi izinhlelo uhlukanise kanye zonke izinhlobo ezintathu amaza ndawonye. Omunye kurediyetha ukwenza kabusha imisindo ephansi, kwesibili - okusezingeni eliphezulu, eyesithathu - ophansi. 3-indlela isikhulumi izinhlelo kwenzeke njalo uma ziqhathaniswa nezinye, ngoba ngibonga kule design kufinyelelwa esezingeni ukudlala amaza ezwakalayo by endlebeni yomuntu.

Izikhulumi Passive futhi esebenzayo

izinhlelo yekwentiwa zihlukaniswa khona oludidiyelwe amandla amplifier design amakholomu ngokwabo.

Izikhulumi Active abe namandla, ukuze bakwazi ixhunywe ngqo zangaphambi amplifier nge oluchazayo, kanye ikholomu ngayinye ehlukile sidla kusukela ugesi ngaphandle ezengeziwe ugesi.

Izikhulumi Passive, kudivayisi Nokho more xaka, kodwa kuvamile kakhulu futhi izinto eziphambili kubasebenzisi abakwazisayo umsindo wekhwalithi ephezulu. amakholomu okunjalo uxhumeke kwi-amplifier amandla ngokusebenzisa crossover ozinikele. Uxhumano iwukuzifundisa of babashayeli acoustic. abakhiqizi abaningi (inkampani) izikhulumi zikhetha akhiqize amakholomu nje enjalo, ngakho ukuletha inzuzo enkulu futhi ukuvumela onjiniyela ukuqaphela kwezifiso zawo umsindo. Ngaphezu nobunzima specific ukufakwa, kukhona inkinga kwezezimali, ngoba okuhle amplifier futhi isikhulumi izintambo kukhona imali eningi, futhi ngaphandle kwazo "zavedesh" isimiso esinjalo.

uphondo imibhobho

Lolu hlobo oluthile isikhulumi. sici kwabo kutholakala ku ukufakwa uphondo kurediyetha. Buhle amakholomu sinjalo ukuzwela eliphezulu isikhulumi. Lokhu kuwenza abe umphelelisi owayephelele eshibhile futhi ephansi amandla tube yokukhulisa umsindo, abakwazi ukunikeza umnikazi zabo elizwakalayo. Lezi izipikha zidinga ukubekwa abanekhono egumbini bakuphi ukuba ibe seyisebenza, kodwa uma uthatha isikhathi esithile, kungenzeka ukuba sifinyelele enengqondo kunazo futhi okukhulu stereo isithombe.

izikhulumi electrostatic

Lezi izinhlelo zihlukaniswa design lazo elingajwayelekile. Esikhundleni yakudala ifilimu isikhulumi esetshenziswa elinama conductive, edonswa thwi kanye ikholomu. Umgomo we operation simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako: ifilimu is fed isiginali umsindo at a imvamisa othize, futhi Semiconductors Flanking bephethe ugesi (oda ephambene siyenzeka kwezinye izimo lapho i kagesi yanikezwa ifilimu conductive). Phakathi ifilimu kanye Semiconductor kudala ensimini kagesi futhi ngendawo onhlobonhlobo. Ngenxa yalokhu, kukhona ekushintshashintsheni ifilimu, okuyinto eveza emisebeni umsindo. Umsindo lezi izipikha kuyinto eminingi, ukudluliswa ecacile imvamisa ngamunye. Umculo ibonakala khulula kakhudlwana futhi evulekile. Phakathi nemiphumela ethile engathandeki ambalwa ukunikeza isamba enganele bass ukuthi awakwazi ukuveza izinto ezithi ukujula, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa izinhlobo ezifana-hip-hop noma Trap.

central uhlelo isiteshi

Njengoba isikhulumi ngoba zokubukela (ikhaya Yiqiniso) esetshenziswayo 5 amasethi izipikha eyodwa subwoofer. Lolu hlelo zakudala, neshaya esetshenziswa iningi abalandeli umsindo okuhle. Isici esiyinhloko kwalesi simiso isikhulumi isikhungo eveza a izingxoxo movie nokhiye umculo izinsalela. Lo kholamu isethwe ilungelo maphakathi. Abanye abantu ukuyisebenzisa izipikha kukhompyutha yakho, njengoba ukubukela ibhayisikobho kuso.

I front futhi bakhulise Izikhulumi

Ngaphambili uhlelo pair zakudala izikhulumi, kwakheka umphumela stereo. amakholomu anjalo ngokuvamile akha ephelele isikhulumi uhlelo amakhompyutha (kusukela ngokuvamile kungadingeki lutho olunye). Uma kuziwa ekhaya yaseshashalazini, phakathi kwezipika phambi ezimbili (noma i-TV) huddles isikhungo isiteshi isikhulumi. Ethembele phambi pair of izikhulumi, udinga ukuqoqa izinsalela uhlelo isikhulumi 5.1, ngoba nokuzala afanayo eziyisisekelo imisindo.

Ingxenye ezingemuva uhlelo - nabafundisi ezimbili ezincane elitholakala ngemva ezibukelini. Ukusebenzisa kwabo ozikhethela, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi eze ne ohlelweni 5.1 isikhulumi ukuba umuntu acwile esiphezulu emkhathini ukudlala i-movie. Uma ithrekhi umsindo ifilimu isekela ozungezayo umsindo ubuchwepheshe, ezinye izenzakalo izigcawu e ifilimu izodlala kuphela izipikha ezingemuva (lokhu kwenzeka lapho othile sneaks up ngemuva hero ifilimu) umsindo. Lapho usebenzisa i-isikhulumi zezitsha angaqalisa ukusebenzisa uhlelo nekhompyutha izikhulumi.

subwoofer

Lena ikholomu elehlukile, ungadlala kuphela bass nebhesi. Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ngesikhathi esifanayo ne amakholomu abhanqiwe futhi sigcwalisa uhlelo isikhulumi kukhompyutha yakho, njengoba hhayi izikhulumi phambi angabhekana ngayo yonke ububanzi umsindo. Subwoofer iletha esele kohlelo isikhulumi. subwoofer yesilinganiso libukeka nje isikhulumi evamile, kodwa usungula kurediyetha omkhulu nakusolwa. I subwoofer efakiwe endaweni ekhoneni noma ngaphansi kwedeski ikhompyutha. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngasendleleni, ngokuvamile ukuhlupheka omakhelwane.

Shelf floor Izikhulumi

izinhlelo ezinjalo acoustic angasahlelwa ngokuthi ideskithophu phansi (noma ikhompyutha futhi ekhaya yaseshashalazini). Eshalofini izipikha isikhala ingasaphathwa kodwa ukala ingasaphathwa, okusho ukuthi kungenziwa isethwe ephakeme. Ngokwesibonelo, uma ukuqoqa uhlelo yomsindo ekhaya, okuyinto bazoxhunywa TV (ukwakha ukushona umsindo), ungakwazi agqoke kukholamu eshalofini lezingubo (ihlinzeka esiphezulu endaweni Ukusabalala). Ukuze okuzuza ezingaba esiphezulu kusukela lezi izipikha compact owaziwa ogibele yokubeka ekhethekile acoustic.

Floor izinhlelo okuyizinto kangcono amakamelo amakhulu (owayevame ukubizwa ngokuthi izikhulumi ukuze amabhayisikobho). Zibeka izipikha ezinkudlwana, futhi nenombolo yabo kuhluka kumuntu kuya kweziyisikhombisa. Ukufakwa amakholomu enjalo endaweni encane ungakwazi avuse ngokweqile bass umfutho kanye hum kakhulu kangako. Floor izinhlelo ibiza kakhulu Shelving futhi zidinga Abaklami ukunakwa okuningi in the izibalo lapho ziyadalwa.

Bass reflex Izikhulumi

Fazoinvertor - imbobo izindlu, okuyinto pipe engxenyeni engaphakathi ikholomu. Nale design, umsindo angase ukukhiqiza kabusha imisindo ephansi ukuthi kukhona ezingafinyeleleki izipikha ezivamile ngaphandle reflex. Uma kuhlelelwa unjiniyela kumelwe ukhethe ubukhulu ikholomu nogwali obuphelele ngokuvumelana imvamisa ukuba yakhiqizwa umthombo eduze umsindo. Ngesikhathi lapho kukhona ukudlala umculo, ivolumu emoyeni siyohlala njalo ezingqondweni tube futhi icacisa ukudlala reflex kwalowo imvamisa lapho ububanzi ipayipi iye ekuqaleni amisiwe. usayizi Iningi ikholomu akunandaba, isigaba inverter esakhiwe omkhulu uhlelo umsindo for ekhaya, kanye amahedfoni ezihlangene. I-outputting emoyeni ipayipi zandise kunoma iyiphi ingxenye izikhulumi noma ama-headphone, kodwa lokhu kuzoncika isikhundla ikholomu egumbini (ipayipi akufanele zifihlwe lutho).

Izipikha nge uxhaxha acoustic

Enkabeni yalo, uxhaxha acoustic - kungcono reflex efanayo. Umehluko itholakala lokuthi ukuthi ipayipi engena emzimbeni, has egoba eziningi, ubude bawo likhulu kakhulu. Target tube kuyafana - the okhulisa ivolumu kanye saturation imvamisa ongaphakeme umsindo. Ngeshwa, lezi izikhulumi kakhulu ongakhetha ezibizayo nge ezivamile bass-reflex, ngoba ukukhiqizwa yabo kuthatha isikhathi kakhulu futhi ngaleyo ndlela kudinga ngokunemba onjiniyela ekhethekile, futhi izinto ezibizayo. Njengoba kunjalo nge bass reflex izipikha, ubukhulu zedivayisi umsindo outputting kungaba noma ikuphi, kodwa ama-headphones, ngeke uthole isimiso esinjalo.

Izikhulumi wasendlini nangaphandle

Ezinye izikhulumi amafemu ukukhiqiza kokholomu evulekile. umklamo Acoustic lamakholomu enjalo ebonakala ukungabi khona kususwa udonga lwangemuva. Ngenxa yalesi diffuser kukhona inkululeko ethile. Le ndlela inikeza eduze umsindo kwaze nalalelwa electrostatic.

Kukhona evaliwe uhlelo acoustic. Empeleni, bayehluka iqiniso lokuthi azikho izimbobo hulls yabo. Le ndlela yenza umsindo ngaphezulu "enwebekayo." Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umoya ayikho indawo ukuya, ukujikeleza diffuser kuba sibambekile. Ukuze ugweme imiphumela emibi isakhiwo esinjalo, ikholomu yalolu hlobo ukwenza kube big kakhulu, ukuze diffuser zinenkululeko eyengeziwe ukuhambisa. A inzuzo enkulu yalezi izinhlelo kuyinto ukungakhonondi imisindo normal, cod nabanye ukuthi ilk.

Izipikha nge kurediyetha yokwenziwa

Irediyetha Passive wenza umsebenzi ofanayo njengoba inverter isigaba, isibonelo. Kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa umsindo evamile imisindo ephansi. Kulezi amakholomu, azikho amapayipi. Ohlwini nje ngezibhakela futhi usethe ngaphakathi isikhulumi yokwenziwa (ngaphandle ohlelweni kazibuthe, ezakhiwe ngesisekelo omunye diffuser, ukumiswa kanye uzimele). Buhle kurediyetha yokwenziwa yikhono ukudlala bass futhi ikhona, ngisho amaza aphansi. Lezi zinhlobo izipikha bayigugu kakhulu futhi zidinga amakhono emangalisayo onjiniyela.