Izingxenye kobudlelwano emsebenzini kukhona ... Ngobani amaqembu kobudlelwano emsebenzini inkontileka umsebenzi?

Noma yimuphi ubudlelwano umsebenzi ukubandakanya ukuxhumana abaqashi nabasebenzi ukuze udale umkhiqizo noma isevisi. Ngokusekelwe yokuthi zabasebenzi amaqembu kukhona abantu nezinhlangano ezingokomthetho abanezifiso ngezinye izikhathi ezinye zazo ziyangqubuzana, ukuqaliswa umsebenzi zabasebenzi ezilungisiwe ezingeni zomthetho.

Uyini ubudlelwano bokusebenza?

Eqinisweni, izindaba zabasebenzi (MOT) - uhlu zamalungelo neembopho umqashi kanye nomsebenzi, ababhala (kwinkontileka umsebenzi). Empeleni, konke kungenziwa ngokuthi uhlelo ashukumisayo zenhlalo okuyinto usesimweni esigculisayo eside kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ngokomthetho ngokuhamba ukusebenza umsebenzi kungase kube namalungelo nezibopho entsha, futhi abanye babo bayakwazi ngokugcwele noma ingxenye angabuyisela evunyelwe ngaphambilini. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ekuphetheni inkontileka noma isivumelwano uyakucabangela isimo ngolimi jikelele futhi oluvamile olusetshenziswa.

Izingxenye kobudlelwano emsebenzini kukhona (Labour Ikhodi Art. 20) izakhamuzi uyakwazi abangakwazi ukufeza umsebenzi zabasebenzi. Umqashi uba umuntu wemvelo (usomabhizinisi), futhi ngokomthetho (inhlangano, inkampani, inkampani). imisebenzi zako ziyizindlela ukuhlinzekwa komsebenzi, umsebenzi inhlangano nokuphathwa wabo.

Isisebenzi kungaba noma yimuphi umuntu attained abaneminyaka engu-14. Nokho, kwaze kwaba yobudala, yena uzosebenza esikhundleni esikhethekile, esinikela ukucindezeleka kuyancipha futhi ubuqotho. Lapho ufika engu-18 ubudala, izakhamuzi ongakhonza abasebenzi emigomeni jikelele, yebo, ngabe zingekho kuncike izimo ezikhethekile ezichazwe izihloko se-Code Labour (abantu abakhubazekile, inzuzo abamukeli nabahola impesheni).

amalungelo eziyisisekelo abaqashi

Njengengxenye umqashi MOT zingase ziphethe ngokuthi, ukushintsha noma anqamule isivumelwano umsebenzi okungenwe kuso abasebenzi. Ubuye ilungelo bahlanganyele lenzuzo nesiphetho of Izivumelwano, ukwamukelwa kwenkolelo-ze imithetho yasendaweni, ukudalwa izinhlangano (noma iqhaza izinhlangano abaqashi ekhona '). Njengoba sazi ukuthi amaqembu zabasebenzi ume abantu waqasha ukwenza umsebenzi othize, futhi umgomo oyinhloko we ukuxhumana okunjalo iba ukukhiqizwa umkhiqizo noma amasevisi, umqashi angase adinge ukuba izikhonzi zayo eyenziwa kule mibandela elandelayo:

• Ngobuqotho kwenziwe umsebenzi imisebenzi.
• Uyabakhathalela komhiaba yomqashi kanye nabanye abasebenzi.
• Thina bathobele imithetho eyasungulwa iziqondiso yangaphakathi.

Kuxhomeke ekutheni ziyenze kanjani abasebenzi sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo imisebenzi yabo, umqashi may (kodwa akuyona bebophekile) ukwethula uhlelo yamaholo noma ukuhlinzekela esinyathelweni sokujeziswa.

Izibopho onikezwe umqashi

Umthwalo oyinhloko yimuphi umqashi kuba imithetho yezabasebenzi. Njengoba amaqembu kobudlelwano emsebenzini abantu abavame abanalo omunye umthombo engenayo ngaphandle inkokhelo, olunikezwa umqashi, ubuqotho nokwethembeka yomqashi incike inhlalakahle yemikhaya yabo.

Ukuze bavikele izithakazelo esimweni sazo uphoqa osomabhizinisi kanye abaphathi ezinkampani ukugcwalisa kwale mibandela elandelayo:

• Ukugcina Izivumelwano, kanye imithetho yangakini.
• Ukunikeza umsebenzi ongaphansi ezichazwe inkontileka umsebenzi.
• Ukunikeza amathuluzi isimo, amathuluzi kanye nemithombo ezidingekayo ukuze ukuqaliswa yonke imisebenzi zabasebenzi.
• Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha endaweni ukukhiqizwa.
• Ukudalwa izimo nezindinganiso emsebenzini, impilo efanele kanye nokuphepha.
• Ukunakekela izidingo zokuphepha abasebenzi ezifuywayo ezihlobene ukuqaliswa inqubo zabasebenzi.
• lokuhola imali efanayo naleyo nkathi efanayo, futhi noma kunjalo hhayi ngezansi ezingeni lomholo, okuyinto lisibeka umthetho.
• inkokhelo Esifike Ngesikhathi inkokhelo enqwabelene.

Yini enye ngeka yemfanelo womqashi?

Ngaphandle kwakho konke lokhu okungenhla, umqashi icala nejoka ngeholo, lenzuzo, ukuhlinzeka abamele abasebenzi bakhe konke ukwaziswa kungadingeka ngesikhathi izingxoxo, kanye ukudalwa izimo ukunika amandla abasebenzi ukuze lubambe iqhaza kulenqubo control ukukhiqizwa.

Usomabhizinisi noma kumnikazi wenkampani kumelwe futhi banakekele saziso umshuwalense wezempilo abasebenzi babo, kanye Isinxephezelo sezisebenzi umonakalo impahla noma umonakalo zokuziphatha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-zabasebenzi amaqembu abantu abangase obala izingozi ngokuhamba zenza imisebenzi yazo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, esobala iwukuthi ukukhishwa ngesikhathi esifanele imiyalelo ngumqashi, eyethulwe isimo neziphathimandla zokulawula kanye asimeme kanye lokukhokha inhlawulo ebekwa kubo. Futhi, kufanele kube khona ukubambezeleka kokucubungula kuhanjiswa wathumela inyunyana imizimba noma ezinye kwalabo abamele iqembu ngabasebenzi. Ngokuvamile benjalo isihloko ukwephulwa ezikhonjwe yomthetho.

Yiqiniso, lolu hlu nemalungelo kanye netibopho abaqashi, eyenzelwe labo abanengxenye kobudlelwano emsebenzini futhi inkontileka umsebenzi kungase kungabi olufanele kuzo zonke izimo. Ukuze izimo engamboziwe la malungiselelo, Code Labour iqukethe ukucaciseleka esishoyo ukuthi umqashi kumele aqinisekise ukuthi eminye imisebenzi njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi icaciswe izinkontileka zokuqashwa, izenzo zomthetho, izivumelwano collective izivumelwano esiphethwe abasebenzi.

Ngubani kungaba umqashi (abantu zemvelo)

Ngokuhambisana nomthetho we-inkontileka omsebenzi ukusebenza nanoma yimuphi umsebenzi ongase wenza umsebenzi yokunikeza zabasebenzi amaqembu kungafaka izigaba ezilandelayo izakhamuzi:

1. osomabhizinisi ngamunye, abakhethe hhayi ukwakha inhlangano engokomthetho. Lezi zihlanganisa abameli abasebenza emahhovisi notaries yangasese nabanye odinga ukuthola ilayisensi yokuziphatha imisebenzi yayo.
2. Abantu abangafuni Nokho babe isimo usomabhizinisi ngamunye, siphethe izinkontileka zokuqashwa nabasebenzi ukunikeza izidingo zabo siqu. Kulokhu, zabasebenzi amaqembu abayizakhamuzi omdala (18 nangaphezulu). Kunezimo lokuvela Ikhodi, lapho umqashi kanye nomsebenzi kungenzeka ngaphansi kweminyaka eyi-18.
3. Uma kunesidingo ukubandakanywa abasebenzi ukuba bafeze eziningi imisebenzi ethize (ukunakekelwa siqu, izindlu), esikhundleni kwabantu abakhubazekile noma abantu abakhubazekile uthatha isinqumo mayelana ukuqasha umondli noma umuntu onakekela.

Amalungelo osomabhizinisi abaqashi

osomabhizinisi ngamunye kungathatha emsebenzini abasebenzi kusukela ukubhaliswa kwabo kuze ekunqanyulweni imisebenzi.

Namuhla, ngenxa yezinguquko Code Labour, amalungelo abaqashi abangabantu abangabodwana zomthetho, futhi labo zibhaliswe njengoba abantu ngokomzimba, cishe equalized. abantu umzimba kungayandisa iqhaza lenzuzo, ukuze afeze izinkontileka kanye nezivumelwano, basuke avunyelwe ukwamukela imithetho futhi kufanele iincwadi zamarekhodi-ngokugcina izisebenzi zabasebenzi esiqashiwe.

Ukuqasha abasebenzi ngabanye

Abaqashi abangekho osomabhizinisi, yize ephetha izinkontileka zokuqashwa amasevisi siqu, khona akuvunyelwe (ukuxoxisana futhi baphethe Izivumelwano, ukwethulwa amarekhodi umsebenzi) ezibalwe ngenhla.

Noma kunjalo, kufanele nakanjani ukubhalisa yesivumelwano kwaphela emiswe iziphathimandla zendawo. Lapho kobudlelwano emsebenzini izonqunywa, umqashi kufanele, kungakapheli inyanga ukwazisa uhulumeni wendawo.

Ikakhulukazi yokuthi sokubhalisa amabhizinisi

Lapho zabasebenzi amaqembu uyisisebenzi kanye umqashi-zomthetho inhlangano, ekuxhumaneni kwabo angaphansi imiyalelo eqinile kakhulu.

Regulation uyakuba necala zonke izinhlobo zomthetho izinkampani kanye nezikhungo: isimo, kamasipala, ngasese, umphakathi. Kulokhu, kwenkululeko-Code Labour futhi kuncike lezo zinhlangano ukuthi amiswa abantu bezinye izizwe.

Ngezinye izikhathi inkampani Awukwazi ukuqhubeka nalo ukuqasha abasebenzi ngokushesha ngemva kokufaka ku Register State, njengoba imishini kungenwe ezindaweni zokusebenzela ngokuhambisana ukuphepha inhlanzeko nezimfuneko kungathatha isikhathi esithile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlangano kufanele uqale uvule i-akhawunti yasebhange futhi ukukhiqiza kwabasebenzi.

Indima umqondisi e inqubo yokubhaliswa zabasebenzi

Lapho ukuqasha abasebenzi ibhizinisi noma inhlangano zabasebenzi amaqembu kungenzeka ngqo isisebenzi kanye nomqondisi, umphathi noma umphathi we-nkampani.

Kulokhu, umqashi uthola isimo isihloko ekhethekile komthetho wezabasebenzi. imisebenzi yakhe kukhona izici ezifana:

• Isikhundla ikhanda kuyivumela bamele izimfuno umqashi wakhe ngaphandle kwesidingo yokubhaliswa amandla ommeli. Lo muntu ukwenza ekufezeni imisebenzi efana izinkontileka zokuqashwa, ukuchitshiyelwa kwazo futhi inqamule. Ubuye namalungelo afanayo kanye nezibopho njengoba umqashi, okubalwa nabasebenzi angakhuthaza noma ukuphoqelela ukuba esinyathelweni sokujeziswa.

• Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo ekhanda, uma kungeyena umnikazi impahla kuchazwa njengoba isisebenzi. Lapha zabasebenzi amaqembu uyisisebenzi (umqondisi) kanye nomnikazi wenkampani. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukungena inkontileka umsebenzi esichaza ukusebenza umsebenzi imisebenzi ethize. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela lo mbono, inhloko kuba isimo ilungu, futhi ithola namalungelo afanayo kanye nemisebenzi nezinye izisebenzi zale nkampani. Njengoba isihloko umthetho zabasebenzi, inhloko anezinye imikhawulo amalungelo abo zabasebenzi (ezifana kungenzeka ekuphelisweni isinyathelo umnikazi inkontileka ngaphambi it iphela).

Okufanele ukwazi mayelana nomsebenzi kwabancane?

Kanye abadala nokuba amandla angokomthetho abantu umsebenzi ngubani awavamile kunezinkinga eyengeziwe, zabasebenzi amaqembu kungase futhi kube intsha. Lapha izinto azinjalo elula, ngoba umsebenzi umsebenzi abafana namantombazane amancane benza akufanele kube ingozi empilweni yabo ngokomzimba noma ngokwengqondo.

Ngokuvamile, zabasebenzi amaqembu kukhona abanikazi izikhungo ezifana amathilomu, imoto izona, amabhizinisi okudayisa (abaqashi) futhi intsha esukela kwengu-14 kuya ku-16 (abasebenzi).

Amalungelo-waqasha izisebenzi ezifana nalezo ezijatshulelwa zonke ezinye izigaba, futhi baxoxela imisebenzi ukuqaliswa ezithembekile nemisebenzi yayo, inhlonipho impahla kanye nokugcina imithetho yokuphepha.

Ngesonto ukusebenza e intsha esikhulakhulile

Banikezwe abantu abasha ngaphansi ekhubazekile, ngesonto kwabo besebenza sifushane kunokujwayelekile:

• Kulabo ngaphansi iminyaka eyishumi nesithupha ubudala - amahora angu-24 ngesonto.
• Kusukela eyishumi nesithupha ukuze kweshumi nesishiyagalombili - amahora 36-40 ngesonto.
• Uma ingane eneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-iminyaka eyishumi nesithupha, uyaqeqesheka, komthwalo wayo akukwazi ngesonto ephakeme kunaleyo nambili ukusebenza.

Hlobo luni lomsebenzi ayikwazi waphathisa abasebenzi ezincane?

Intsha azinakugcinwa ukugcwalisa esindayo, ebusuku noma umsebenzi omningi ngomshoshaphansi. Abakwazi ukuthatha emsebenzini, uma kukhona ingozi ukuchayeka ezintweni eziyingozi noma enobuthi.

Futhi ukuvikela ukuthuthukiswa zokuziphatha zabantu abasha akavunyelwe imisebenzi ehlobene zokuthutha noma ukudayiswa kwemikhiqizo ngokuqukethwe esikisela ucansi kanye notshwala. Akuvunyelwe ukuqasha intsha ukusebenza ebusuku amaqembu kanye wokudlala izikhungo.

isiphetho

Imininingwane Kwethulwa sasivumela ngokuvamile inquma ngubani amaqembu zabasebenzi. Emsebenzini eziningi ubuqili kanye umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama, ngakho isimo ngayinye idinga indlela ngamunye.