Isithonjana "Idili zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni". Triumph zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni: umlando lomkhosi izingane

Ngesonto lokuqala Ebolekwe, amaKristu emhlabeni wonke bagubha Triumph Lobu-Orthodox. Chin kwenziwa ngeSonto, wonke amasonto tinsita iholide.

Umkhosi Triumph zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni

Minyaka yonke, liphinyiselwe igama umkhosi Triumph zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni izwi umfundisi, Metropolitan Kirill ngokwesiko wenza e- Kristu laseMoscow uMsindisi Cathedral. Ngemva kwalokho oNgcwele uMbhishobhi Omkhulu ukufezile isikhundla esithile, okuyinto eyenzeka ngo-XI leminyaka IsAm Fedossiev Kiev Caves.

Emuva ku VIII ekhulwini AD, umcimbi hhayi kuphela wabuyela amakholwa ithuba ukuvula nokudunyiswa ngezithombe nemifanekiso kwabangcwele, kepha futhi kwaba ubufakazi wokubuyisela ubunye Church, kanye ukunqoba lokuhlubuka futhi ephikisayo. Libizwa iholide elibizwa ngokuthi "Triumph zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni" uMbhishobhi Omkhulu wokushumayela kwembula sonke nohlonze lo mcimbi.

umlando iholide

Umlando abonisa ukuthi esekelwe emBhalweni oNgcwele nokudunyiswa kwezithombe wahlala ngokwezifiso Christian isetshenzwe ukuba VIII ekhulwini BC. Kodwa uMbusi waseByzantium Leo III Isaurian babebeke kuvinjelwe nokudunyiswa kwezithombe ezingcwele. Labhujiswa izinkulungwane izithombe, imifanekiso eqoshiwe yabangcwele kuwo wonke umbuso. Amakholwa eqiniso, amaKristu, izindela Orthodox abavamile bashushiswa futhi emshaya ngesihluku aqhephukile phansi. Bawo ababoshiwe owabeka ahlukunyezwa ababulawa.

Isithonjana - isithombe ongcwele noma isithombe?

Image, efanekisela ukunqoba zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni - iholide isithonjana - kuyinto obucacile ngakho futhi eyiqaphuqaphu, okuyinto isiqiniseko ukujabulisa ngisho ezikude kakhulu enkolweni abantu engaqaliwe. Lokhu kusebenza cishe kunoma iyiphi izithombe isonto. Kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi endulo, umuntu yaphakamisa isandla desecrate izithonjana. Mhlawumbe yingakho izithombe ongcwele ngokujulile ngakho futhi ngakho wathinta izinhliziyo zabantu ngaleyo ngokusebenzisa uqobo horror zokugqekeza nokucekela phansi impahla zobulwane?

Isizathu esibaluleke kunazo zonke sokuba ukwenqaba imifanekiso kwakuyikho impela kuphikisa ukukholelwa ukuthi iNdodana kaNkulunkulu usezuze bomuntu, futhi ulondoloze emhlabeni ekubhujisweni. UJesu ngeso lengqondo ukubukeka umoya waphezulu kwabanye, uNkulunkulu kwakuthandeka futhi kufinyeleleke kubantu, ithuba ukuthi alimele balithumba. UNkulunkulu uselahlekelwe aura yakhe inaccessibility futhi incorporeal, futhi ngokusobala yekufinyelela abantu kunabo bonke abanye. Kodwa emiBhalweni Kuye kwathiwa ukudalwa Thixo - kuyisono, abefundisi abaningi bafuna nezithombe zosanta. Abalandeli mbono, ababusi nababusi, mhlawumbe ehlome unokuthile akucabangayo mayelana nokuthi ukuba nesono ukudalwa izithombe, afune abantu ukuba bakholwe inadmissibility izithombe zenkolo, nalabo abangafuni ukulandela lezi enqabela, balahlekelwa kuphila kwabo.

Ukwakha kwemifanekiso

Ngaphakathi dalo of imifanekiso isiko samanje. Nge ukwakhiwa kwalesi Iversky wezindela Valdai ke babenqume ukwakha ibandla elisha nge uhlu le-Iberia Isithonjana uNina kaNkulunkulu. Uhlu senziwa ngokucophelela, kuhambisana ubuchwepheshe ekhethekile. UBuzalwane Isigodlo ngomthandazo iziwasho, ukudicilela nomsayipuresi wakhe ibhodi ukubhala isithombe. Ngokulandelayo, amanzi ixubene imibala, abadwebi waqala ukuloba isithombe, ohambisana nokuloba nokuzila ukudla.

iconoclasm imodi

Kwakungathi isiko zokukhonza izithombe. Ngakho-ke, izikhulu eziningi isonto wathatha ohlangothini iconoclasts. UMbusi Theophilus iconoclast, owabusa uMbuso WaseByzantium kwaze kwaba seminyakeni engu 842 ubudala, kwaba okufanayo. Umkakhe, indlovukazi uTheodora umKristu weqiniso.

Umkhosi wokuqala we-Triumph zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni

Kukhona inkolelo yokuthi ngolunye usuku, ngomnyaka weshumi nambili wokubusa kwakhe, umbusi wagula kakhulu futhi lapho ebona izono zabo, yaphenduka ukubhujiswa izithombe ongcwele. Unkosikazi ngomthandazo wamphathisa umfanekiso Virgin, yona yamanga uMbusi ngingcono kakhulu.

Nokho, isifo akusho abohle, futhi ngemva kokufa koMbusi Theophilus umkakhe, ababedlala indima ibamba isikhathi uMbusi ezincane uMichael III, wabeka umthetho ukuvinjelwa ukushushiswa kwamaKristu nokubhujiswa imifanekiso. Indlovukazi wanika ukuze Umbhishobhi omkhulu waseConstantinople uMethodius ukuba ubambe Council ngeSonto lokuqala Ebolekwe iminyaka Mashi 11 843, okuyi-Temple of Sacred Sofia zonke ababhishobhi bama-Orthodox babebizelwa isevisi onesizotha. Amalungu oMkhandlu ezilotshwe yezihlubuki futhi umbusi ngasekupheleni, kodwa ngemva kwesikhashana igama lakhe ingekho ohlwini.

Zonke abefundisi nabantu abavamile ephethwe inkosikazi abhikisha emigwaqweni waseConstantinople izithombe ngezandla zabo. Ngemva nsizakalo eyenziwa odwendweni omkhulu waseConstantinople, kanye ethembekile yabuyela izithonjana egcinwe ezindaweni zabo amathempeli.

Ngokusho yetinsita phakathi nomthandazo uTheodore wabonga kuNkulunkulu sicela intethelelo umyeni wakhe, uMbusi Theyofilu, ngubani wakhuthaza kukho ukubhubha imifanekiso, imifanekiso yokucabanga abayithandayo izihlubuki kwababhubhisa. Lesi senzakalo saphawula ukuqala ikhomishana yaminyaka yonke isikhundla the Triumph zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni, okuyinto usuku ebaluleke kakhulu ikhalenda Orthodox ezinsukwini zethu.

Okwakushiwo iholide

Kodwa hhayi ngokushesha kwafika ukunqoba wamasiko, umlando holidi, nakuba waqala kusukela ekhulwini lesishiyagalombili, kodwa inqubo ukushushiswa kwamaKristu kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba maphakathi nekhulu IX. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho ikonopochitateli zadedelwa ejele, babuyela dioceses zabo, labo wathuthukisa imisebenzi iconoclastic bacelwa ukuba noma ukwamukela nokudunyiswa kwezithombe, noma ukunqamula isevisi esontweni.

Mhla Triumph lodumo zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni, kumakwe kuphela ukunqoba lesonto ngokuphathelene Champions kwemifanekiso. Ukunqoba ohloselwe ibandla lika Krestu ithuba ngokufanelekile ufake ekujuleni ngiqaphele abantu iqiniso, ukusula ezingqondweni zabo futhi abanike ithuba ukuze ubuyele sisendleleni efanele. Isonto ayegubha ngokunqoba phezu konke ukuhlubuka, amaphutha kanye umehluko.

imikhosi Orthodox isikhundla imisiwe, isevisi ekhethekile, lapho zonke ezichazwe isinqumo Universal imikhandlu, wabusisa ikonopochitateli waveza ngokuqondene oshonile ababusi zinzalamizi kamuva elahlanganiswa imibhalo nge umbhedesho Orthodox.

Chin kwakuzondeka

Triumph zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni kuphawulwa izimfundiso, okubandakanya ekhethekile ingxenye - elisezingeni kwakuzondeka, okungukuthi, uhlu letiholela esontweni. Ngakho, iSonto uxwayisa ethembekileyo, akuvunyelwe ukuba enzeni, futhi labo abaye benza izono ezinjalo, kwakuzondeka wamemezela.

Ekuqaleni isikhundla the ukugujwa Orthodox kwakho konke 20 kwakuzondeka, kanye nohlu lwabantu uvezwe kwakuzondeka, zaba izinkulungwane zabantu 4. Ngezinye izikhathi ezahlukene ohlwini kuhlanganisiwe George Monastery Archimandrite Cassian, uStepan Razin, Grigoriy Otrepev, umpristi KaHabakuki Emelyan Pugachev, umbhali uLeo Tolstoy, monk Filaret, Gleb Pavlovich Yakunin.

Umlando kwakuzondeka ikhomishana isikhundla

emkhubeni Orthodox eyafezwa ngaphambi imifanekiso koMsindisi futhi UnguNina KaNkulunkulu Cathedral. Ekupheleni kwekhulu XVIII, ngo-1767, ngo-emkhubeni Orthodox satjhugululwa kulekelelwa. Metropolitan of Novgorod futhi Petersburg Gabriel yenze ezinye izinguquko ukuze ingafaki amagama amaningi. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-100 e-isikhundla waba nayo iyancishiswa. Kuze kube ngo-1917, bangu-12 kwakuzondeka, izixwayiso ie ngalokho umuntu kungenziwa exoshiwe ebandleni, futhi wonke amagama athola. Ngo-1971, kanye Amakholwa Old isuswe kwakuzondeka futhi babebuyela Church.

abefundisi Isonto wagcizelela ukuthi kwakuzondeka - akusiwona isiqalekiso. umuntu aphendukayo ungabuyela isonto, futhi izokwamukelwa uma kunobufakazi obanele of ukuphenduka okuqotho yakhe. Anathema angasuswa kwakhe.

Kuze kube manje kwakuzondeka akavamile zihlanganisa isikhundla the Triumph zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni, zikhona kuphela amasevisi Episcopal.

Image of iholidi enkulu

Isithonjana "Triumph zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni" yalotshwa ekhulwini xv eConstantinople (manje Istanbul). Isithombe sangempela se-saint uku eBritish Museum eLondon.

Incazelo isithonjana "Idili zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni '

Njengoba ubuntu, kushuba heterogeneity of celebration kangakanani, njengoba ukunqoba wamasiko, isithonjana abazinikezele kuye, okubonisa hhayi umfel 'ukholo, kodwa eziningana, futhi liqukethe izingxenye ezimbili. Engxenyeni engenhla Ukwakheka ubonisa isithonjana of Our Lady, Hodigitria (Putevoditelnitsa) AmaGreki isithonjana ozithandayo. amaphuzu Virgin esicelweni sendodana yakhe, uJesu, ohlezi ethangeni lakhe, nesithombe sakhe udumele, ngoba kakade uyazi ukuthi yini emlindele esikhathini esizayo. Kukholakala ukuthi Odigitrii yasekuqaleni zaveza kusukela imvelo St Luke. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi umfanekiso isithonjana Umdwebo kwabhujiswa, futhi isithonjana "Triumph zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni" kuyinto isithonjana isithonjana, egcizelela ukuthi isithonjana ayisekho ngaphandle komthetho, bakwazi ukubhala futhi ayibhubhise, kungabikho muntu.

Phezulu umculi ukuboniswa iNdlovukazi Theodora nendodana yakhe uMichael. Esikhathini irowu phansi isithonjana "Triumph zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni ubonisa abantu abulawelwa ukholo egameni nokudunyiswa kwezithombe. Ukuze ngakwesokunene sesihlalo sobukhosi imele St uMethodius St Feodor Studit. Isithonjana ngesithombe likaJesu Kristu ephethe ongcwele Feofan Sigriansky Confessor kanye Stefan indela entsha. Ngakwesokudla kubo, Bishop Nikomidiyskiy Feofilakt Confessor, bazalwane, Theodorus futhi Theophanes (Emperor Theophilus etshelwe ubuso abazalwane ukudweba amavesi uphawu ukwedelelwa iconoclasm). kwesobunxele Wesihlalo Sobukhosi Martyr uTheodosius basanga esigxotsheni kaKristu. Ngokusho amaqiniso angokomlando, wakwamukela ukufa, singavumeli isosha ukulahlekelwa isithombe koMsindisi amasango iConstantinople.

Isithonjana "Idili zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni", futhi isithombe sokuqala, okuhambisa ubunye nobumbano kuboniswe amadoda ngendwangu. Ngempela, bonke babo ukwethula izintshebe zawo, futhi abagqoké nesitayela esifanako. Ukuqaphela ungubani ezinjalo, umculi cishe wafuna ukugcizelela ukuthi isibalo ikonopochitateley esikhulu kakhulu, abantu abaningi namanje udonseleka ukholo ongcwele futhi emsulwa.

Incazelo ejulile isithonjana

Uma ubuka eduze ngaphezulu, isithonjana "Idili zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni", Uma unganakile, anezinye ezinganembile. A imininingwane ukwazi ukuthi umdwebi xv ekhulwini ukuboniswa abantu ababehlala ekhulwini lesishiyagalolunye. Kungani bakhunjulwa kwakhe? Iqiniso ukuthi ekhulwini xv e BoMbuso WaseByzantium unqabile imingcele kakhulu ngokwanele. Umbuso wawudlondlobala ampofu, wahlupheka kuphangwa sezitha, kuhlanganise ama-Muslim, ngubani ayesekela evuthayo noma iziphi izithombe zabantu njengoba izithombe ongcwele. BaseByzantium kwakungasekho okunye kodwa ukucela usizo usinika izingalo kanye nezimali ezivela komakhelwane European, ikakhulukazi France, ukuvikela ngokumelene amaSulumane. Kodwa ohlangothini French waphika kubo.

Caught ngaphandle Sokuzivikela futhi amakhambi, i-baseByzantium wanquma ukubhala isithonjana njengoba ithuba lakhe lokugcina, the last ebhekisela esikhathini lapho umbuso kwaba elicebile nelingubhongoza. Isithombe langaleso sikhathi laliwumfuziselo ngomzamo ukuze sizitholele ngokwethu futhi ukukholelwa yokuthi amandla umbuso sasingakafiki yomile. Futhi ngakho umculi ukuboniswa abantu kusukela esikhathini esidlule, ngekhulu lesishiyagalolunye, efanekisela umbuso echumayo. abantu WaseByzantium, njengazo zonke amakholwa weqiniso, amaKristu, wayekholelwa ukuthi isithombe ongcwele ngokuqinisekile ukusiza ukuze sisinde waphinda uphinde ukwazi emhlabathini waso alahlekile.

Ngeshwa, lokhu akusebenzi, umbuso omkhulu lwehlela, kodwa akazange aphule umoya oqinile abantu, qiniseka kholwa sanctity uNkulunkulu, ukuthi ayobasindisa izingane zakhe, abaqotho kuye ekujuleni kwenhliziyo.

Yini longayisho izingane mayelana iholidi?

Okokuqala, ngesonto olunzima kunalo lonke ake semikhawulweni yokuHlawula nge holidi, "Idili zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni". ntshumayelo yompristi, umthandazo kanye nokholo ngobuqotho kuzosiza ukusekela wonke post ngokuphelele. Uma okuthunyelwe waphawula kwamakholwa angama-Orthodox kuwo wonke canons, ngemva bashabalala esiqinile iza umuzwa nje ngisahlose nenjabulo mayelana kwenziwa endleleni ingxenye. Futhi ngale ndlela abantu musa nje ukunqoba futhi ngokudlula ngcono. Ikakhulukazi uma nidede hhayi kuphela ukudla, kodwa akazange one, ukuze kugwenywe izingxabano izingxabano omakhelwane, abantu umndeni, egcwalisa izinhliziyo zabo ngothando yayo nokunakekela.

Nokho, uma Triumph zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni izingane iyoba iholide njengebalulekile abadala. Phambilini izikole ukufundisa izifundo lapho izingane ukuwo ukuhlonipha esontweni, ukufunda imiBhalo. Namuhla akusiyo, kodwa kudingeka aqonde amaphuzu enkulumo ayisihluthulelo okungenani ukuthuthukiswa ezivamile. Uma, ngaphambi nje isizukulwane esisha yesimanje adlulisele kahle nencazelo 'ukunqoba zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni ", indaba iholidi ukuze izingane kuyoba mnandi kakhulu futhi uthinte ngokujulile izinhliziyo zabo, yebo, uma kuwukuthi bayakholelwa ngobuqotho kuNkulunkulu esemncane futhi musa bahlukane isonto. Phela, iqala wonke umuntu enhliziyweni yakhe.

Holiday, ephawula ukunqoba zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni izingane kanye nabantu abadala, kufanele ekuqaleni ziyaphuma komphefumulo wawo wonke umuntu ofana ngomthandazo oqotho osuka enhliziyweni futhi bezila ukudla. Uma umuntu isendleleni izinkolelo, umphefumulo wakhe ugcwele injabulo, uthando, umuzwa wokuba ngaphansi kothile kokuthile kweqiniso futhi okuphakade. Singasho ukuthi ngamunye wethu angasho ukugubha umkhosi ayo we Triumph zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni kakodwa ngonyaka futhi kaningi uma ukhetha eyiyona, indlela ehlanzekile ngothando nangomusa.