Isimo sezwe - esikhathini esedlule nangesikhathi esizayo

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi isimo sezulu sezwe silokhu sishintsha njalo kulo lonke impilo yomhlaba. Izikhathi zama-tropical kanye nama-subtropics zishintshwa yi-icing yomhlaba wonke, futhi ngokufanayo. Lokhu kwenzeke kanjani nokuthi yini esilindele sonke, izingane zethu nabazukulu esikhathini esizayo esizayo?

Indlela isimo sezulu samazwe omhlaba sashintsha ngayo ngekhulu le-19 nelama-20

Ukuqhubeka nokuqoshwa kweNgisi yekhulu le-19 leminyaka, kusobala ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi ukukhwabanisa kweThames ebusika kwakuyinto evamile, ekhuluma ngokushisa kwama-frosty eYurophu. Kakade ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, umhlaba waqala ukukhuluma ngokufudumala njengendlela accomp accomp. Umthamo weqhwa lase-Arctic wehle ngo-10% uma uqhathaniswa nekhulu le-19. Eminyakeni engu-20-30 yalekhulu leminyaka, izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile eSvalbard lavusa cishe ama-degree angama-5, okwenza kube nokuvela kwezolimo esiqhingini, futhi uLwandle lwaBarents kanye nolwandle lwaseGreenland lwaba khona ukuhamba. Ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, ekhulwini lama-20, isimo sezulu sezwe sesiphezulu kakhulu emnyakeni wekugcina weminyaka. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngenxa yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu eminyakeni engama-20-30 edlule, izinhlekelele ezihlukahlukene zemvelo, njengama-landslides, ama-tsunami, iziphepho kanye nezikhukhula zaziqala izikhathi eziphindwe kane.

Izimbangela zokushintsha kwesimo sezulu

Kuze kube manje, akekho onokuqiniseka ngokugcwele okubiza izimbangela zokufudumala kwembulunga yonke kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke, kodwa ososayensi abaningi basalokhu becabanga ukuthi esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko ngumuntu kanye nokuphila kwakhe. Yiqiniso, kunezinye izizathu eziningi, ezifana nomsebenzi wezelanga, izici zezinkanyezi, njll. Kodwa ukuguqulwa kokushisa kwaminyaka yonke kushintshwe izinkulungwane zeminyaka. Futhi ngenxa yomsebenzi oqhubekayo wesintu ukuze ushintshe isimo sezulu sezwe, kwanele iminyaka eyikhulu noma ngisho namashumi eminyaka.

Yini esingayilindela esikhathini esizayo

Ukuze ubikezele ukuthi isimo sezulu sekusasa siphila, ososayensi bakhe amamodeli ekhompiyutha afanisa zonke izinguquko ezingase zenzeke. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yalezi zilinganiso, kungaphetha ngokuthi uma amandla omthelela wokuphila komuntu emvelweni ayishintshi, ngasekupheleni kwaleli khulu leminyaka izinga lokushisa lonyaka lizokhuphuka ngo-4 degrees Celsius uma kuqhathaniswa nekhulu le-19. Uma ithonya lomuntu emvelweni liqhubeka landa, ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-22 umehluko ekushiseni okujwayelekile uma kuqhathaniswa nekhulu le-19 kungaba kakade ama-degree angu-7. Ukunyuka okukhulu okunjalo kwezinga lokushisa kubonakala kuyingozi.

Ezinye izingxenye zomhlaba zizobe zingakulungele ngokuphelele ukuphila komuntu, futhi isimo sezulu esihle kunazo zonke emhlabeni sizoba se-Antarctica yanamuhla noma eNyakatho Pole. Masithathe ukuthatha ukuqhathanisa isikhathi se-glaciation yokugcina, okwenzeka eminyakeni engu-20 000 edlule. Khona-ke izinga lokushisa elivamile emhlabeni lalilinganiselwa ku-4 degrees kuphela kunamanje futhi ngenxa yalokho, yonke insimu yosuku lwamanje eCanada, zonke iziqhingi zaseBrithani futhi iningi laseYurophu laligcwele iqhwa.

Indlela yokugwema imiphumela eyingozi yokufudumala

Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokufudumala okuzayo kungumthelela wemisebenzi yabantu emvelweni. Kubalulekile ukunciphisa leli thonya, okungukuthi, ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide emkhathini. Lokhu kungenziwa ezingeni likahulumeni, isibonelo, ngokukhulisa intela ngetani le-carbon dioxide elikhishwe emkhathini. Kukhona indlela ephumelela nakakhulu yokuxazulula le nkinga. Lokhu kukugqugquzela ngokwezimali nezomthetho izinhlangano ezihilelekile ekuthuthukiseni nasekusetshenzisweni kwemithombo yamandla ahlukile, kanye nokuvinjelwa kokwakhiwa kweziteshi ezishisayo nezigesi ezisebenza ngemfucuza wamalahle, igesi noma amafutha. Ikusasa - eminye imithombo yamandla futhi kugweme ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kunokwenzeka.