Isakhiwo 2-Igumbi zokuhlala: izithombe, isifunda

Elilodwa elalingaphandle zokuhlala - emagcekeni vostrebovanie kakhulu. Njengomthetho, ubungako bawo futhi intengo kwamukelekile kakhulu. Lapha ihlanganise kalula onamalungu amane. Nokho, njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, isakhiwo 2 endlini enamakamelo aluphelele, bathole induduzo esiphezulu kanye lula ngeke kusadingeka ukushintsha into, ikakhulukazi izakhiwo ezindala.

Ezikhathini zaseSoviet, izindlu ezakhiwa ngokuvamile ngaphandle ngokuphathelene nezidingo abaqashi, ngakho ukusatshalaliswa kohlelo rationality isikhala ephilayo kuphela baphupha. Ngokuvamile, lena ekhishini ezincane, a ephasijini ewumngcingo kodwa eside, izindlu zangasese kanye nezindlu zangasese noma ehlukile, kodwa ezincane, ukuxhumana amakamelo nokunye okuningi.

Modern ikhaya isakhiwo umdwebo ezibonisa indlela 2 endlini enamakamelo, ngokunethezeka, Nokho, futhi, ngeshwa, kukhona nemibi. Iningi ngokuvamile siwumgogodla bazikhohlwe kuyisici, eziningi kangaka aye ayisebenzisa kaningi redevelop. Nokho, ukuze kamuva unezinkinga nokudluliswa ngodonga ingaphakathi, uzodinga bagunyaze izenzo ezinjalo enhlanganweni abafanele (BTI). Futhi kuyafaneleka ukunaka omunye into ebaluleke kakhulu: Noma ngabe yikuphi akunakwenzeka ukufeza noma iyiphi manipulation izindonga umthwalo eziveza, njengoba lokhu kungaholela ekubhujisweni sonke isakhiwo.

I yokuntula amabili okulala amafulethi uhlelo

Ukuze egumbini lokuphumula lalinethezeke futhi enengqondo, kubalulekile ekuqaleni ukuzama iwukudambisa zonke downsides kungenzeka. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ezinye zazo abonakala ngesikhathi esisodwa, kanye nezinye (kufihlwe) kuphela ukubhukuda ngemva komsebenzi.

Ngakho, ake uzame ukubhekana ukushiyeka ezindlini ezimbili lokulala:

1. Indlu yangasese. Uma ucabangela isithombe izakhiwo 2 okulala zokuhlala, umuntu angabona uqaphela ukuthambekela okuthile. Ekuqaleni, lezi zingosi baye bahlanganyela yangasese and yokugezela. Nokho, izindlu abanye okubizwa ngokuthi emakethe yesibili ngokuvamile iza uhlelo kuhlanganiswe. Ingabe ukhululekile? Nokho, yebo nangokuthi cha. Ngokwesibonelo, neze zomkhaya omkhulu, kodwa ezimbili eziphilayo eyamukelekayo kakhulu.
2. Ikhishi. Okubuhlungu nakakhulu kuleli gumbi osayizi kuthiwa wazizwa Khrushchev. Ngokuvamile ezakhiweni ezindala ekhishini endaweni zokhahlamba kusuka 4 kuya ku-6 square metres. m, okuyinto nzima kakhulu umsebenzi wokwaba okunengqondo kudingekile ifenisha futhi zasendlini. Imiphumela ezibukwayo kulesi simo kungaba usizo oluncane. Lapha sinawo ukwenza ngokuphelele. Ngokwesibonelo, kungenzeka ukuthi sihlanganise ekhishini nge egumbini lokuphumula noma ephasijini.
3. Corridor. Nemibi indlela igumbi elime ngayo kukhona lalivamile. Empeleni, yena noma eside kodwa emincane, noma iyivelakancane ngokuphelele. Yiqiniso, bawubeke iyiphi ifenisha iba onzima. Ukuze uzame ukushintsha ephasishi kubalulekile ukwakhela amathuba ahlinzekwa yi-ukuhleleka wokuqala 2-Igumbi amafulethi. Ngokwesibonelo, indawo zangasese, ikhishi, igumbi lokuphumula, kanye nobukhulu bazo.
4. Ukwephulwa ngezabelo weJiyomethri. Nge ukukhubazeka unxande noma umumo square konke ecacile. Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi kunezindlela izindawo nge ilungiselelo semi isiyingi izindonga, amakamelo isitoreji eziningana namakhona kwangaphakathi. Emaqaqasini amafulethi kuzoncika ngokuphelele amasu design esetshenziswa. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, lokhu nokuklanywa, izibani ezengeziwe, niches nokunye.
5. uphahla ukuphakama. Lungile kakhulu le ndlela akunakwenzeka. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa visual effects ezingathinta bezibona ezibukwayo.
6. Usayizi ezincane. Lapho efulethini elilodwa elalingaphandle lincane ngokwanele ke ukwandisa endaweni isikhala ezithile ngezithukuthuku omunye ngeke zisebenze. Ungasebenzisa indlela lalivamile - ukuthi lowo muntu adilize zonke Izindonga zangaphakathi. Kulokhu, sithola elikhulu studio efulethini. Nokho, lo msebenzi kubalulekile ukuxoxisana ochwepheshe kanye ukuze bagunyaze tetakhiwo letifanelekile.

Kanjani ukuqala kabusha ukuhlela?

Sakhiwo esezingeni 2 endlini enamakamelo kuvezwa imibhalo kule izindlu. Kukhona ulwazi mayelana ngqo usayizi, indawo, ukuxhumana nabanye. Yiqiniso, ngaphambi noma yimuphi umsebenzi kudingeka sitadishe ngosizo ngokugcwele futhi ahlaziye zonke lezi nemingcele. Kubalulekile ucabangela izifiso bonke abantu abahlala lapha. inketho Esinokwethenjelwa - ukuphathisa nokubhalwa ochwepheshe abafanelekayo. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuba ugweme ngokuphelele amaphutha ezivamile.

Ngezansi sibheka izinhlobo ezine ezivamile amafulethi wabantu elalingaphandle.

Stalin

Emakhaya ezakhiwa kule 40-50 sika., Ingabe eyaziwa ngokuthi "Stalinka." Bahlela ukuba wayenomona: Uphahla lwangaphakathi eliphezulu, usayizi amakamelo ezinkulu, indawo ekahle. Njengomthetho, owukuphela zangaphandle izindonga umthwalo eziveza, njengoba lokhu kuvula amathuba mkhulu ngokukhetha ipulani. Ngokuvamile layout 2-Igumbi amafulethi kule mikhaya ivumela ngaphandle umonakalo omkhulu ukuguqula izakhiwo, isibonelo ukwehlukana lokulala elilodwa ezinkulu zenziwe kancane kancane ezimbili. Le isixazululo kuyokwenzeka ukuhlomisa Igumbi yezingane noma ehhovisi.

Breznev

Izindlu zakhiwa ngesikhathi u-Leonid uBrezhnev, uma iqhathaniswa nayo izikhathi kukaStalin anciphe ngosayizi. Nokho, lokhu akukhona inketho okubi zezakhiwo ezindala. Amagumbi akuzona omkhulu, kodwa kungenye into ehluke ivulekile, yokugezela ehlukile, ekhishini 7-8 sq. m. Lesi sakhiwo 2 endlini enamakamelo eyamukelekayo ngempela. Uma kudingekile, ungahambisa ezinye izindonga, kodwa kuyafaneleka ukucabangela ukuthi kulezi zindlu izindonga nithela ingenziwa ngaphakathi efulethini. ke Kuyancomeka ukuba uthintane phambi ukusebenza enhlanganweni phrojekthi.

Khruschovka

Ngokuthakazelisayo yokuthi Khrushchev ezakhiwa njengoba izindlu zesikhashana, kodwa okwamanje lolu hlobo izindlu - omunye okuvame kakhulu. Basuke wacabangela esingesihle kakhulu futhi yinkinga. Kuyinto ngokuhlolisisa ikhishi elincane, indlu yokugezela encane usayizi, ephasishi ewumngcingo, ukuxhumana amakamelo nokunye. Ungakwazi enumerate unomphela njengoba isakhiwo 2 endlini enamakamelo e Khrushchev has bokwenza ezingaphezu kuka izinzuzo. Nokho, ungakhathazeki ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Abaklami Modern ukunikela eziningi amaphrojekthi yimpumelelo ezokwenza zisishintshe ngokuphelele isimo ingaphakathi le efulethini. Imibiko Evelele Yonyaka lo msebenzi:

• isikhala-Corridor ingxenye exhunyiwe egumbini lokuphumula.
• Ikhishi kuhlangene egumbini angomakhelwane.
• Ngenxa ukwanda kwaleli hholo noma wabelane yangasese.

isakhiwo esisha

Onesimo ezindlini 2 okulala izakhiwo ezintsha kakade Ubuningi bamahora okunengqondo, ikakhulukazi uma ziqhathaniswa hruschevke. Lapha, wonke amakamelo ahlukene, ehlukile yokugezela usayizi ezanele, ihholo libanzi futhi ukhululekile, ikhishi elikhulu 8-10 square metres. m. Nokho, uma onjalo okuthile ilungiselelo engenzi ivumelane, ungakwazi, isibonelo, ukuhlela efulethini studio noma ujoyine endaweni Loggia ukuba Egunjini elincikene naleli.