Iphimbo: izimpawu. Iphimbo Brain: Izimbangela, Sifo Nokuselapha

High ingcindezi intracranial - kuyinto isifo sami sitholakele, okuyinto ejwayelekile kubantu abaningi. Kuyinto evamile ngempela. Kulokhu, it is imvamisa okucatshangwa ibekwe, ngaphandle ucwaningo ezanele. Kodwa siwumgogodla zokugula kukhona izifo ezingathi sína kwababhemayo. Omunye wabo - iphimbo. Izimpawu zesifo Kulula ukubona ngokwanele futhi kungaholela emiphumeleni engathí sina.

Nasi nokwakheka

Phakathi ukusebenza evamile ubuchopho bomuntu njalo wageza yi ketshezi. It uyasondla futhi ivikela ke. Uketshezi ukhiphela isikhala phakathi ama- esithambile futhi choroid futhi cerebellum. Emzimbeni kukhona indawo ekhethekile - ethangini, lapho aqoqana. Basuke etholakala ngasesinqeni Yekhanda. Lezi amathangi axhunyiwe kwamanye spinal cord ngamunye. I grey ndaba ketshezi ise ventricles ezine. Lokhu kuvamile.

Ukhicita cerebrospinal fluid kusukela egazini. izinga Imininingwane kuyinto 150 ml. Inqubo uketshezi ukuthuthukisa kanye ukuncela zilingana. Nokungezwani ibhalansi nemiphumela emibi ngendlela efanayo. Fluid iqala buthelela ebuchosheni. Ngu lokhu kuphumela noma ukwehla ukumuncwa, yimuphi umkhiqizo.

Uma siyabhubha outflow uketshezi, isiguli eba iphimbo. Izimpawu kungabonakala nasemkhakheni izinsana abadala. Umthombo inkinga ukuvaleka komgudu phakathi ventricles noma ukumuncwa kahle ka uketshezi lomzimba. Ukuze uqonde zokugula kufanele kubhekwe, kubukeka sengathi ubuchopho (isithombe ephepheni). Ngokuvamile isifo ezingemnandi sitholakale usana. Ngokwezibalo, zonke ingane 500th ozalwa ezweni, ukuba inkinga oshiwo ngenhla sina.

Ngezinye izikhathi lesi sifo hhayi yesifo azalwa naso. Medicine, kuba khona izimpawu iphimbo lalifundwa ngesikhathi impilo uhlamvu. Njengomthetho, izimbangela zalo amanga ukugula. Ngokuvamile kuba isifo cerebrovascular zobuchopho kuphakamisa nobulwelwe.

izinhlobo zezifo

Iphimbo is ahluka ngokusho amafomu kanye izimbangela. Namuhla kwezokwelapha, kukhona ngeengaba eziningana lesi sifo.

Ngu uketshezi ekuqongeleleni esikhundleni isifo ihlukaniswe izinhlobo:

1. iphimbo langaphakathi. Fluid (CSF) iqoqa ku ventricles e isamba ngokweqile.
2. Kwangaphandle iphimbo ingqondo. Ibizwa nangokuthi elingaphandle. Nge lolu hlobo sifo waphawula ekuqongeleleni cerebrospinal fluid esikhaleni subarachnoid. Ngamanye amazwi, uketshezi itholakala eduze ugebhezi.
3. iphimbo obuphelele. Kuleli fomu yotshwala equkethwe kulo ubuchopho. Wathola ventricles futhi isikhala subarachnoid. Leli fomu has elinye igama - iphimbo okuxubile.

Izimbangela sifo izingane

The main isici ingqondo ukugula ezinsaneni kukhona lokuzalwa nzima. Njengomthetho, sikhuluma isikhathi eside nesomile ukulimala umbungu noma ingane lokuzalwa wathola.

Ngezinye izikhathi kukhona inqwaba uketshezi ebuchosheni ingane ngubani zisesesibelethweni. Lokhu zokugula ehlangene ukudluliselwa abakhulelwe owesifazane izifo ezithathelwanayo nezenhliziyo ezibangelwa amagciwane. herpes esiyingozi Ikakhulukazi, toxoplasmosis, salivary indlala nezifo.

It kubhekwa ezivamile azalwa naso iphimbo ingqondo. izimpawu wakhe uqale ukuzibonakalisa ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila. Nokho, izingane ezindala kungenzeka ngenxa yokugula. Imithombo, ingqondo ukugula okungathí sina, okuningi. Phakathi kwabo kukhona:

• izimila ebuchosheni (ezifana asebuchosheni nomgogodla);
• meningitis;
• encephalitis;
• izifo ezithathelwanayo (isifo sofuba);
• ubuchopho kanye semithambo kombungu;
• ukopha;
• Kwenhlekelele okulimala ebuchosheni;
• izifo ezibangelwa ufuzo.

Ngezinye izikhathi umthombo isifo esibi awukwazi ngisho ukufaka.

Izimbangela sifo abadala

Akukhona nje ukuthi izingane uthole ukuxilongwa esabekayo. Kungaba ukubekwa ibuphi ubudala. Kukhona iphimbo, noma njengoba edume ngokuthi, isifo sokuvuvuka ebuchosheni abadala ngenxa izifo adluliselwe:

• ukopha ebuchosheni;
• unhlangothi;
• ukuhlinzwa kwengqondo;
• meningitis;
• izifo oncological zobuchopho;
• Kwenhlekelele okulimala ebuchosheni;
• yoma zobuchopho.

Ezimweni eziningi, isifo cerebrovascular yobuchopho (isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, unhlangothi, umfutho ophakeme wegazi) iba Kugcwele wangempela ukuthuthukiswa iphimbo.

izimpawu Clinical lesi sifo izingane

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) wenza umsebenzi ebalulekile emzimbeni. It uyasondla ubuchopho wonke umsoco futhi kususa kuwo slag. outflow Esifike Ngesikhathi uketshezi kubangela operation evamile umzimba omkhulu. Noma ikuphi ukwephulwa O oludakayo igcwele nemiphumela. Ngemva okukhiphayo ketshezi akashintshi. Ngenxa yalokho, zichichima ventricles. Ngenxa yalokho, kukhona ukunwetshwa yabo.

Okuvame kakhulu uphethwe "iphimbo" zimpawu:

• ekwandiseni ekhanda (ozuza umumo eyindilinga);
• ingane whiny kakhulu futhi sicasuke;
• encane kaningi vomits copiously;
• fontanel kunqoba kobuso Yekhanda, akukho okusizwa ukushaya;
• amehlo ezisanda kubelethwa uye ngezansi, umbono liwohloka, ngezinye izikhathi kukhona squint;
• bangezwa ukuquleka;
• efanele ekuthuthukiseni ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo;
• Njalo ngokuphonsa ikhanda emuva;
• isikhumba eliphaphathekile;
• jitter futhi kwesilevu nasemilenzeni.

Ezinganeni ezindala, inhloko kayikhuli, ngoba amathambo skull baye tho ndawonye. Lolu ketshezi isazoqhubeka buthelela. Lokhu kubonakaliswa kuyoboniswa nguMbusi udokotela uzobona uma sibheka kuhlolwa kobuchopho. Izithombe iyohluka kakhulu isithombe ezisebusweni abantu enempilo. Njengomthetho, izingane sihlushwa zekhanda ezinamandla, ukuhlanza, umuzwa isicanucanu. Kwangathi ukuzwa ukwehla ezindlebeni, emehlweni. Ngale ndlela umntwana ubuthakathaka khona.

Symptomatology lesi sifo abadala

Hlukanisa izimpawu ezilandelayo iphimbo:

• isiyezi, ubuhlungu;
• ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza,
• imisindo ekhanda;
• ukuquleka;
• ukunyakaza iziyaluyalu nemisebenzi zezinzwa;
• kwehle ukusebenza, ukubukeka nokunganaki, ukucindezeleka;
• angaboni kahle.

Isici wabantu isifo omdala ukwanda okuvamile noma okuncane ingcindezi intracranial. A ukuphambuka encane evela kuyinsakavukela ephawula evamile ingcindezi iphimbo. Ecindezela empunga ndaba ngezithukuthuku ketshezi kuholela ekubhujisweni zobuchopho.

Uma esikhundleni elixutshwe sitholakale iphimbo, ingcindezi zangaphakathi aliphumi, ngoba ngokuvamile isizathu isifo itholakala yoma ingqondo. Ngakho, uketshezi nje igcwalisa isikhala. Lesi sikhala kuwumphumela yoma.

Izici iphimbo yangaphandle

Njengoba ngenhla waphawula, lesi sifo libhekene ekuqongeleleni uketshezi ugebhezi. Iziphuzo kungenziwa ngokukhululekile ukuxhumana ngamunye kwasendaweni yayo. Okunjalo zangaphandle iphimbo yobuchopho okuthiwa i-evulekile. ifomu Kuvaliwe kuhilela ngokwahlukana ephelele zonke izikhala nge ketshezi.

Izimpawu oyinhloko sifo avele ukukhathala, ubuthakathaka, ukozela. Kungase kube umbono double, ikhanda. Kwezinye izimo - isicanucanu, ukuhlanza. Ezihambisana nokugula kusebentisana kahle ukunyakaza, ushintsho Gait. Ngezinye izikhathi izici ezifana ungeze incontinence.

Kukhona amacala lapho kukhona ukuthuthukiswa imperceptible ka iphimbo. Izimpawu bengekho ngokuphelele isikhathi eside. Isiguli is baphawula ingcindezi ukwanda. Ikhanda elibuhlungu ingekho.

ifomu omshoshaphansi kakhulu ubhekwa iphimbo ngokulinganisela. It libhekene ukungabi khona izimpawu iminyaka eminingi. Ngesinye isikhathi isimo lesiguli liwohloka. Umthombo inkinga itholakala kwegazi cerebral palsy. Ngokuvamile, sitholakele 'unomoya ubuchopho iphimbo "ezimweni eziningi ibekwe ngezikhathi. Udokotela uyalibona kwezinso ku Ukuhlolwa fundus.

Umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama iphimbo yangaphakathi

Lolu hlobo lwe-isifo libhekene ekuqongeleleni oketshezini ventricles. iphimbo Yangaphakathi bungase bubangelwe ukumuncwa abampofu CSF e nezicubu. Izizathu lesi simanga kungenziwa izifo, ukufa kohlangothi, subarachnoid endaweni vein occlusion adluliselwe ngu thrombus.

Ukubonakaliswa isici isifo siba ubuhlungu bekhanda. Ukuze isicanucanu wakhe ngokuvamile uxhumeke, kahle imisebenzi ezibukwayo futhi sokuzwa. Nokho, njengoba ifomu ngenhla echazwe lesi sifo, iphimbo ngokulinganisela ezinzima angeke ukuzibonakalisa yinoma yimuphi uphawu.

Ifomu jikelele lesi sifo

Ukuthuthukiswa iphimbo ezinjalo lihlotshaniswa ekuqongeleleni oketshezini ventricles, futhi ezindaweni eduze ugebhezi. Kukholakala ukuthi ukuqhubeka ubuchopho yoma ecasulwa iphimbo okuxubile. Ngu lolu hlobo imiphumela sifo ukunwetshwa ventricles futhi izikhala subarachnoid. Noma kunjalo, wehlise kuphakamisa ukwanda kobuchopho izicubu yoma.

Joint esikhundleni iphimbo - yokugula okunzima lapho isikhala ubuchopho ubuyisela cerebrospinal fluid. Ubungozi yaleli fomu lesi sifo zihlanganisa abantu abaneminyaka engu ngubani sebethole umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi. Ubuyise kulesi sigaba kweziguli ukuntengantenga ka amathambo entanyeni, ethole abangele ukulimala ebuchosheni. Ubungozi ukuze uthole isifo esibi, futhi abantu ziyazithanda utshwala.

Kuleli fomu izimpawu kungenzeka ukuthi ingabi khona ngokuphelele. Noma owabonakaliswa isiyezi njalo, ukozela ophikelelayo, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza.

ekuxilongweni ukugula

Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla kungenzeka kuphela emva luhlolo egcwele nesineke. Ekuqaleni, uzifunde ngokucophelela fundus ocular. Okulandelayo, isiguli belulekwa ukuba ibhekane izifundo ezengeziwe ezifana neurosonography, i-MRI, CT. Usola isifo esibi kusukela izimpawu alandisa wafaka le uphethwe kokuqala kungase owelapha (wezingane), a neonatologist, udokotela ohlinza izinzwa noma udokotela wezinzwa.

Ukuze izingane ngokuvamile eminyakeni engu-2 ubudala isetshenziswa indlela ephumelelayo - neurosonography. inqubo enjalo kungenzeka nje fontanelle ezisanda kubelethwa ayizange eduze. Ngo izinsana, kunezinye endaweni Yekhanda, libhekene ithambo mncane kakhulu. Lezi zindawo nazo kakhulu "amafasitela ultrasonic." Ngokwesibonelo, ithambo yesikhashana kahle awunankinga yokwenze njalo esifundweni. Le ndlela ivumela ukucacisa ukunwetshwa ventricles, embule khona izilonda isikhala-bangazihluphi (izinhlumba, haematomas, isimila), ukuxilonga imbangela abanye amaphutha ingqondo. Kucatshangwa ngakho konke lokhu indlela eshiwo ngaphezulu akuyona olunembile ngokwanele. Ngakho izingane ukwenza MRI kangcono.

Isici ehlukile yikhono ukuxilonga omdala ukulalela izikhalazo nesineke. Kuyinto obuphelele okuqoqiwe luhlolo zezinzwa ukuphakamisa kakhulu ekuthuthukeni kwale egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. Nokho, ukuhlola okunjalo akwanele ukuba iphothule uphethwe. Ngakho-ke, iziguli omdala udokotela uncoma i-MRI. Ukuthi lokhu ukuhlola okuthile kwembula iyiphi zokugula ingqondo.

Angiography Adult lingasetshenziswa esikhundleni X-ray of the tomography Yekhanda. Uma okuvela isifo elihlobene ne igciwane lohlobo lwe, ukuhlolwa laboratory inikezwa DNA noma amasosha omzimba Amagciwane. Ngo iphimbo omdala ukuhlukanisa nge izimila ebuchosheni. Izingane - yezinkinga yamathambo.

imithi

Nge umkhuba oqhubekayo wokubuka kancane lesi sifo kungenziwa kukhethwe yokwelapha olandelanayo. Kubantu abadala, le ndlela yokwelapha inquma ifomu evulekile lesi sifo. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi kukhethwa indlela yokulwa nalesi sifo ecosha kuphela udokotela.

Ngokuvamile, ubuchopho iphimbo idinga ukuphathwa elandelayo olandelanayo:

1. Nciphisa ophezulu intracranial. Ngezinhloso enjalo udokotela umisa izindlela "Diakarb" "Furosemide". Thola amalungiselelo idatha kwenziwa isikhathi esijana. Ngokuvamile kuba umbuzo kwezinyanga ezimbalwa.
2. Ukwehlisa ubungako balokho okusamanzi. Kubhekwe elilungile kakhulu izidakamizwa "glycerol" "Mannitol".
3. Ukuqinisa izitsha nge electrolyte ibhalansi egcwele. Ukuze kuzuzwe lokhu ukusebenza, isicelo potassium Izithako.
4. Nciphisa yotshwala. It iyithuluzi elihle "Acetazolamide."
5. needling Medical. Le nqubo kuba kuphela ezifanelekela izinsana. Le ndlela wokususa uketshezi okweqile kusukela ingqondo ngokusebenzisa fontanelle nezarosshy.
6. ukwelashwa bokubuyisana. Iziguli ngokuvamile aqokwe uphayini, usawoti okugeza. Kukhethwe makhono amavithamini. Iphelelisane le yokwelapha desensitizing ejenti.
7. Ukwelashwa kwezifo lokho kwaqala ukuthuthukisa iphimbo. Ukuhlobana lokhu impatho efanele ifomu atholwe lesi sifo.

Uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka ukwelashwa ngenhla, odokotela batusa ukuhlinzwa. inqubo Danae ivumela iziguli ukuthi sifinyelele yokutakula kwezinye izimo - ngisho ikhambi eliphelele. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlinzwa kuhloswe ngokusindisa ukuphila kwesiguli.

ukwelashwa Steel. Izimo

Ngeshwa, izindlela eziphumelelayo zokwelapha emzabalazweni nalesi sifo kunoma yisiphi isigaba azikakabi athuthukile. Ukwelapha ngenhla isetshenziselwa ukungondleki okuncane kwalesi sifo. Ngokuvamile, lobu buchwepheshe ukunciphisa kahle ingcindezi intracranial futhi bavikele isiguli emirarweni. Odokotela ngokuqinile ukulawula ukugeleza Dynamics iphimbo.

Uma uneminye izimfanelo lokungenela kuhlinzwa kufanele kubhekwe, abanye Izimo. Akekho imisebenzi elandelayo asikwazi ukwenziwa uma isiguli:

• egeleza ukuvuvukala e shell ingqondo;
• izinqubo engelapheki (izimpumputhe, izithulu, isithuthwane, nokugula ngengqondo).

dlula

Kuleso simo, uma ubuchopho awabuyiswanga mshini okukhipha uketshezi, udokotela ekunika ukuhlinzwa. ukuhlinzwa kuphela kungasiza ezimweni ezinjalo. Iphimbo esikhathini esidlulileko ngempumelelo iqedwe kuphela - ukudlula ukuhlinzwa.

Inhloso kokungenela Iwukubuyisela ekhishwa CSF emiyalezweni yobuchopho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, setha shunt. ipayipi Ventricular afakwe i-ventricle lateral. Isivalo esikhethekile inikeza ukulawulwa outflow uketshezi. ipayipi neuropathy busuka endaweni atrial noma phakathi komgodi ongaphakathi kwamathumbu. Lokhu kusiza ukuba nokwandisa ukumuncwa CSF. Kwezinye izimo, ngemva excision we ukuhoxiswa izinso uketshezi yenziwa phakathi ureter.

Lo msebenzi linenani yezinkinga kungenzeka kanye nobubi obuthile. Phakathi kwabo kukhona lokhu okulandelayo:

• shunt ukutheleleka;
• umonakalo mechanical kuya uhlelo esishunyekiwe;
• ukwephulwa shunt ukusebenza;
• ukubambezela outflow ka cerebrospinal fluid.

Kulezi zimo, kubalulekile ukuba baphindaphinde ukuhlinzwa.

ukuhlinzwa endoscopic

Le ndlela kuvamile kakhulu namuhla. Endoscopy kuhilela sebeziqhumbuza ezincane. Lokhu kwehlisa ingozi nanoma yiziphi izinkinga. Ukuze isiguli, kunciphisa isikhathi nokuvuselelwa. Phakathi ukuhlinzwa, udokotela ohlinzayo uqondisa outflow uketshezi ethangini zobuchopho ngokuvamile ongakwazi amunca utshwala. Ngakho, uyalulama ukuzungeza evamile ketshezi. ukusebenza ngempumelelo kuchitha ngokuphelele isidingo ukufaka shunt. Isiguli ibuyisela ekuphileni okuvamile.

cephalotrypesis

Lesi sinyathelo kudinga iphimbo ubuchopho, izimbangela zazo amanga ezahlukene kuvimbela outflow we uketshezi. Njengomthetho, sikhuluma aneurysms, izimila. Kuye indawo, bayakwazi ukuvimba indlela likvoroprovodyaschie. Ezimweni ezinjalo, i-craniotomy. Njengomthetho, phakathi nokuhlinzwa ukudala izindlela ezintsha outflow uketshezi.

Imiphumela sifo

Lesi sifo kungaholela encephalomalacia - izicubu necrosis. Ngenxa yalokho kuphazamiseka kwegazi of kwezingxenye zobuchopho yoma kwenzeka. Lezi zinqubo engelapheki. Kaningi, kungaholela iphimbo ukukhubazeka. Izimpawu ithonya ngokwanele okuphazamisayo ku i umzimba. Isiguli ungalahlekelwa amakhono engqondo motor.

A inkinga ezivamile isifo iyona dislocation syndrome. It libhekene kokucindezelwa zobuchopho futhi okuvela ukucindezeleka ukwazi, ikhoma futhi ngokuvamile.

yesifo azalwa naso ingamisa ukuthuthukiswa kwayo noma ubudala. Nge isiguli umphumela onjalo ngokugcwele noma ingxenye belashwa. Endabeni inchubekelembili okusheshayo izingane kuyaqabukela ephile iminyaka yobudala engu-5-6.

izinyathelo

Umthetho obaluleke kunayo yonke kimi ukuwugcina ngokuphelele zonke izincomo udokotela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa izidakamizwa reception. Kulesi sigaba, kufanele ngokucophelela ukuze bagweme noma yiziphi izifo, futhi ikakhulukazi - igciwane. Kunconywa ngaphambi kokukhulelwa ukuba zigonyelwe lezo zifo ngaphambilini umama okhulelwe akusho ubuhlungu. Kuyadingeka ukuba aluqede ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa utshwala nogwayi.

Abadala kumelwe siqaphele ngempilo yabo. Isikhathi ukuxilonga izifo, sibaphathe kahle. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngokuphathelene yezifo isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko, imithambo yegazi, inhliziyo, emgogodleni. Kuyadingeka ukuvimbela ukulimala ekhanda. The best isilinganiso yokuvimbela ngokumelene izifo eziningi - kuba asebenzayo, indlela yokuphila enempilo. Zama ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba. Nakani ukuzinza isisindo. Futhi lasinye sezifo ngeke esabe!