Intengo

Intengo inani lemali ukuthi umthengi kumele akhawunti umdayisi ukuthengwa amayunithi izimpahla.

Ukulinganisela wabeka zonke izindleko zokukhiqiza izimpahla (izinto zokusetshenziswa, izinto elisizayo, nophethiloli, iholo kubahlanganyeli ukukhiqizwa, izindleko ukwenziwa nokugcinwa kwezinto zisesimweni imishini, imbuyiselo amabhizinisi, izintela, njll). Kuye esiteji ukuhamba amanani izimpahla zihlukaniswe izinto ezinhlelweni zokuthenga (kwempahla yomphakathi epulazini nesimo), wholesale (kweminye imikhiqizo edayiswa ngobuningi) kanye nezitolo.

intengo - lena intengo lapho uthenga kufanele akhokhele abathengi izimpahla okudayisa. La manani isethwe izimpahla ezithengisiwe eziningi ezincane ukudliwa siqu.

Le ntengo kuhlanganisa ngaphandle izindleko wholesale kakhudlwana futhi amacala esengeziwe, futhi leyo mali sesaziwe ngesikhathi lamukela izimpahla ezisendalini.

Zimbili izinhlobo amanani okudayisa: isimo futhi intengo emakethe. Uhlobo lokuqala ntengo elibekwe uhlela (ayefanekisela ngoba umyalo iminotho). In the yesibili - zisonga ngaphansi kwethonya izinto ezifana kwaneliswe isidingo ngokukhululekile, kuye ngokuthi zinjani izimo kuleyo emakethe. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kuhlelwe amanani uhulumeni angakwazi sinomthelela amanani emakethe.

State intengo luyasetshenziswa ukuthola izindleko izimpahla edayiswa isimo noma co-operative ukuhweba. Nge ngale ntengo uyakucabangela zokukhiqiza nokuhanjiswa izindleko, kanye umholo ophelele, kunqunywa izidingo yokuzalana ukunwetshwa. Lapho ukwakha uhulumeni amanani bezimpahla ezikhiqiziwe kukhona izakhi eziyinhloko - amanani abakhiqizi, intela yentengo kanye izaphulelo (ibhizinisi kanye yokuthengisa wholesale).

kwakhiwa intengo imikhiqizo yezolimo kulinganiselwe ehlukile. Kulokhu, izakhi zako ezisemqoka ezisetshenzisiwe amanani zokuthenga, imingcele, ezivezwa izinhlangano zokuthenga, wekhasi izinhlangano zokuhweba kanye izaphulelo ukuhweba.

abathengisi ukuthola izimpahla ezivela izikhungo nokusabalaliswa amanani wholesale. Njengoba siqhubekela kusukela ishede kwinhlangano ukuhweba wentengo umkhiqizi margin wholesale sengezwe kuzotholakala tekusabalalisa ukumboza isitoreji izindleko zabo, ukudiliva nokuthulula ukuthengiswa kwempahla.

Eqinisweni, intengo kuyinto ephelele cishe njengoba kuhlanganisa zonke izindleko futhi ekuqongeleleni nalehleliwe izixhumanisi kwezomnotho, okuyinto bekwi ekukhiqizeni nokudayiswa kwemikhiqizo. Uma intengo kulungiselelwa uyakucabangela izindleko ezihambisana ukukhuthazwa kwezimpahla kamakhi nomthengisi maqondana nomlomo ngamunye. Okungukuthi, abangabantwana intengo kuhlanganisa zonke izindleko zokuqhuba ibhizinisi lakhe abakhiqizi, abasabalalisi ezithengisa ayo okudayisa.

zamanani nokudayisa kwenziwa ngokuvele azalane izindleko izindleko (for yokufuna kwezimpahla) kumaphesenti esinqunyiwe mark-up. Ngokwesibonelo, uma into uthenge phezu amanani wholesale 80 USD, bese eziseceleni yokuhweba 20% intengo ka 96 USD

Ngokuvamile abakhiqizi imikhiqizo izinga okusezingeni nge enkulu izimakethe setha ukulawula yabo phezu kumiswa amanani okudayisa imikhiqizo yabo.

Namuhla, amanani okudayisa kubalwa kumakhompyutha nge izinhlelo ezikhethekile, ekwazi ikhumbule zonke izigaba ukuhweba eziseceleni, "layering" ku izindleko yokuqala izimpahla.

Izimali e ukuhweba iimfesi kudinga ukuqoshwa esiqinile sayo yonke imisebenzi (uma zibhalwa), ehambisana ne-kumiswa amanani okudayisa. ifomu Enobunye "Register of amanani okudayisa" kuze kube manje, cha - kukhona kuphela Kunconywa ukuba isetshenziswe okudayisa (ifomu kuqukethwe incwadi eMnyango Umnotho N 7-10260 ngo-December 20, 1995). Nokho, Accountants kakhulu zinombono wokuthi uhlelo lwayo lokusebenza awahlangabezananga izidingo zanamuhla. Ngakho-ke, inhlangano ngayinye kufanele ukuthuthukisa ifomu lokubhalisa bebodwa, kucatshangelwa izici imisebenzi yabo.