Inhlabathi amagciwane. namagciwane asenhlabathini olwenzeka endaweni

Ama-bacterium - esigabeni eminingi yasendulo zezinto eziphilayo ezikhona namuhla embulungeni yethu. Kamuva amagciwane kuqala kakhulu sekukhona iminyaka 3.5 billion edlule. Sekuphele iminyaka ecishe ibe kwezigidi eziyinkulungwane, babengabokuqala kuphela izidalwa asebenzayo eplanethini yethu. Khona-ke basithatha isidumbu isakhiwo bakudala. Yiziphi inhlabathi bacterium, zinhlobo futhi imvelo - zonke lezi zidingidwa kulesi sihloko.

ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana amagciwane

Ukwakheka kuhlanganisa ezweni nezilwanyana ezincane mass ehlukahlukene kuzo inhlabathi bacterium, isikhunta athile kanye nesikhunta. Basuke ihlukaniswe enonya futhi kunesidingo sokuthuthukisa izitshalo.

Nezilwanyana ezincane zingafani izimo zokuphila. Sikwazi ukukhula Abanye ngaphandle oksijini, kodwa abanye khona layo kubalulekile. Kukhona uhlobo olukhethekile amagciwane okungenzeka ukuthuthukisa njengoba oksijini, ngaphandle kwalo.

Indima namagciwane asenhlabathini empilweni isitshalo

Ingabe izitshalo inzuzo namagciwane asenhlabathini ukuthwala? Meaning of nezilwanyana ezincane empilweni plant ngokwanele ezinkulu. amagciwane ezidingekayo nsuku zonke Agropedological kabusha udaba eziphilayo zibe izilwane kudingeka namaminerali. Ngokucubungula inhlabathi ezinjalo is ahlanganiswe calcium, okusansimbi, i-phosphorus, i-nitrogen nezinye izakhi eziningi ezidingekayo.

namagciwane asenhlabathini hhayi kuphela ekucebiseni umhlaba izakhi ewusizo, kodwa futhi ngcono bokuphila izinga inhlabathi. Ingxenye enkulu inhlabathi amabhaktheriya oyifunayo, ayanda okuzala yayo.

Abantu abaningi umzimba ebalulekile yokwanda krupnokornevoy simiso simila, okungukuthi ku rhizosphere. It namagciwane asenhlabathini asetshenziswa njengoba amandla ukufa ohlelweni impande.

Amaqembu enobungozi inhlabathi nezilwanyana ezincane

inhlabathi amagciwane Amaqembu aqukethe zinhlobo abanjalo bangabaphostoli ahileleke-photosynthesis, i-nitrogen, carbon ne phosphorus. Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi nezilwanyana ezincane ezuzisayo samanje hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi pathogenic. Ngokuvamile ama-bacterium emhlabathini ngokwanele iDemo. Nokho, ezithile uphikelela ngo abakhileyo kulo. namagciwane abangela izifo zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu:

• Ama-bacterium okuyiwona leli zwe Bioton zemvelo. Bangabaholi causative ejenti ye botulism futhi actinomycetes.

• I ligciwane lelingena inhlabathi uketshezi eziphilayo eziphilayo. nezilwanyana ezincane ezinjalo zingagcinwa isikhathi eside emhlabathini. Bangabaholi causative ejenti yalesisifo imbewu eletha, ngqi nezilonda ezingapholi.

• Ama-bacterium, nakho awela emhlabathini nge uketshezi organic, kodwa agcinwe lapho kufika inyanga eyodwa. Zingadala E. coli, salmonella, shigella nekholera. Zonke amagciwane ayingozi ungabhubhisi kuphela izici ezibaluleke zenhlabathi, kodwa uhlelo impande izitshalo.

amagciwane olwenzeka endaweni

namagciwane asenhlabathini atholakala ulwelwesi umhlaba kunalokho engalingani. Noma yisiphi isigaba microorganism okungenzeka babehlala lapho, lapho uyokwazi ukuthola bona sphere ukhululekile kwendawo, ukudla namanzi kwakuseduze. eziphilayo Simple abakhona nomaphi lapho kukhona khona izakhi eziyisisekelo - ikakhulukazi phezulu ikhava inhlabathi. Ngokumangalisayo, ama-bacterium Soil nazo ezitholakala emithonjeni kawoyela, nokuphakama nokujula zazo ifinyelela esiphezulu 16 amakhilomitha.

Indawo ezungeze uhlelo impande

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, indawo ethandwa kakhulu bacteria asenhlabathini - iyona ungqimba phezulu inhlabathi. Rhizosphere - ungqimba zenhlabathi, etholakala emhlabeni uhlelo impande. It is ezinabantu abaningi by nezilwanyana ezincane ukuthi zingadla izitshalo ezilahlwayo, kanye amaprotheni ushukela. eziphilayo Simple, ezifana worm zidla nezilwanyana ezincane futhi uhlala e-krupnokornevoy ndawo. Ngenxa yalokhu, umjikelezo we izakhi ewusizo futhi isifo ukucindezelwa wenziwa ku rhizosphere.

isitshalo udoti

Bambalwa abantu bazi, amagciwane ekhaya inhlabathi. Kulesi sihloko, sizozama akhawunti enemininingwane iningi imvelo lawo lokuphumula.

Mushrooms - the decomposers ethandwa kakhulu zezitshalo izinsalela. namagciwane asenhlabathini awukwazi ukubekezelela abanye izakhi ezidingekayo ibanga elide. It ivumela ukhunta sikhule. Kungenxa udoti mushroom isitshalo futhi omningi ama-bacterium.

Humus - kungenye amagciwane olwenzeka endaweni inhlabathi. isikhunta ezithile kuphela akhiqiza ama-enzyme kwakudingeka ukuba ngivule izakhi ezinzima humus. Ingxenye enkulu izakhi ezibalulekile eziqukethwe phansi, inani elikhulu izikhathi ngaphambilini wajinge wanamatsela by isikhunta nezinto ezincane eziphilayo. Humus compounds okuyinto etholakala ngenxa cleavage kufakwe kancane nitrogen lutholakale kalula.

On amayunithi Agropedological

Enye indawo yemvelo inhlabathi amagciwane - amayunithi Agropedological. On ezindaweni zawo okuqukethwe microbial lingaphezulu kakhulu kwalokho ngaphakathi. Phakathi izophela kuphela labo izinqubo angadingi umoya-mpilo. Inani elikhulu amayunithi - leli zwe indle izimpethu, kanye nezinye izinto eziphilayo elula. Phakathi ezihambayo amayunithi eyisinambuzane Agropedological futhi nematodes, okungakwazi udale iziteshi ngqo emhlabathini.

Organisms ukuthi singangena kule umswakama ukulahleka, kanye namagciwane asenhlabathini enihlala iziteshi wawugcwalisa ngamanzi. Ukuze banikeze eziphilayo emanzini abathanda yeqoqo eziyisisekelo zenhlabathi, ezindaweni zokulima ukukhuthalele encishisiwe ngonyaka. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi kunesidingo ukusebenzisa umquba.

amagciwane Ingozi inhlabathi

Ngikholwa ukuthi yonke wensimu obekucatshangwa mayelana nokuthi namagciwane asenhlabathini ayingozi. Kulesi sihloko sizozama sixoshe zonke izinganekwane conjectures ezihlobene nalolu daba. Inani elikhulu lokuphila inhlabathi Amagciwane. Ngokwesibonelo, e-30 cm phezulu ungqimba umhlabathi, usayizi eyodwa ehektheleni izimpilo elingamathani angaba ngu-30 eziphilayo elula. Ukuba iqoqo eqinile enzyme -bacterium kwamazinyo sokudiliza amaprotheni ku-amino acid. Lona umbandela lomcoka nenqubo yokubola. Lezi nezilwanyana ezincane siphila nezidalwa ukuletha eziningi izinkinga. By the way, ngokunembile ngenxa umsebenzi la magciwane elula ngokushesha ngempela konakalisa ukudla ezakhelwe ukuphila eshalofini eside - okungukuthi, ukhukhamba futhi izithelo eqandisiwe nemifino. Ngenhlanhla, uwayehlalise sekuyisikhathi eside bafunda ukuphuma isimo. Ukuze isitoreji isikhathi eside, basebenzisa inqubo inzalo, nokucubungula imikhiqizo. Nokho, uhlobo oluthile nezilwanyana ezincane kusengenzeka konakalisa ukudla preform, naphezu handling ngokucophelela.

Ama-bacterium ufake inhlabathi ngokusebenzisa izidalwa itheleleke. Njengoba sishilo phambilini, abanye zenyathi nezilwanyana ezincane kanye isikhunta kungahle phansi amashumi eminyaka. Lokhu kungenxa izici zabo ezihlukile - ukwakha ezinhlamvu. Ukuthi ukuvikela amagciwane emathonyeni amabi kusukela imvelo. nezilwanyana ezincane ezinjalo sikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa ezinye izifo eziyingozi kakhulu - i-anthrax, ubuthi, esibhibhayo futhi catalepsy.

Njengoba ama-bacterium aqala emhlabathini

Ngamafuphi nje, ama-bacterium Agropedological - kungcono ingxenye yokwakheka inhlabathi, kodwa hhayi indawo abahlala kuyo, futhi inhlabathi yayo. Kokunye dessert spoon Turf equkethe abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyinkulungwane eziphilayo elula, okuyinto njalo sizibandakanye esiteji ezithile ukubola efile udaba eziphilayo noma nenkanuko edlulele ukufika isisekelo izakhi eclectic kanye nokwakhiwa lezi izinhlayiya eziyisisekelo nzima.

iqembu Agropedological microorganism angasuselwa esikhathini lapho lonke izidalwa kwezokunyathelisa, futhi ushiye izibazi lokuqala umsebenzi wabo. Kuyinto lezi Izinsalela nemithonseyana laba umuzi wokuqala izilokazane ezincane emhlabathini. Ukuba abaqeqeshiwe ushintsho engokwemvelo e namagciwane asenhlabathini lihlale therein kuze kube isikhathi samanje, yokuvumelana izimo ezishintshayo ezizungezile imvelo.

Ukuhlukaniswa imisebenzi

Kukhona division Amatebhe Agropedological nezilwanyana ezincane phakathi izazi zezinto eziphilayo ngoba imisebenzi yabo:

1. destructors - bacterium ezihlala enhlabathini bese mineralize compounds eziyisisekelo ekhona ungqimba phezulu umhlaba. indima yabo - ukuguqulwa uhlala izidalwa nezitshalo abahlala izakhi eclectic.

2. i-nitrogen noma tuberous nezilwanyana ezincane - eziphila izitshalo. ukubaluleka yabo itholakala lokuthi ukuthi kuphela lolu hlobo amagciwane uyakwazi ukuhlanganisa neorganichno izakhi-oksijini ukuqinisekisa izitshalo zabo. Yingenxa yalesi inhlabathi kanye nezitshalo kukhona namaminerali abalulekile.

3. chemoautotrophs - nezilwanyana ezincane ezigxile izinto wezinto ekhona e-molecule eziyisisekelo. ukubaluleka yabo itholakala lokuthi bakwazi ukucubungulwa buthelela ngasesinqeni se izinto eclectic bese uyithumele izitshalo.

Eqinisweni Amazing

Kwaphela isikhathi eside, kwakunenkolelo yokuthi amaphunga umqondo eziphilayo eziyinkimbinkimbi kuphela. Nokho, eminyakeni emibili edlule kwatholakala ukuthi le yokwamukela iyatholakala yebhaktheriya imvubelo kanye slime isikhunta.

Ososayensi wanquma ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa ukuze uthole ukuthi ngabe Agropedological uzizwe khona ama-bacterium emoyeni elise emhlabeni ammonia. Ngokumangalisayo, ama-bacterium yaba nkulu kunawo onke okulindelwe experimenters. Ngenxa yaleli ucwaningo, ososayensi bathole ukuthi i-bacterium bayakwazi ukuhlukanisa iphunga.

efingqa

namagciwane asenhlabathini ukudlala indima ebalulekile inhlabathi okuzala futhi ukuphila kwazo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo. Kulesi sihloko simtholé uhlalwe namagciwane asenhlabathini nendlela ezihlobana ngayo ukuthuthukiswa izitshalo nangemisebenzi yezinto eziphilayo.

Lapho ukusebenza phansi kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi kukhona nezilwanyana ezincane ezuzisayo samanje hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi kwamagciwane bangaba ejenti izifo ezisongela ukuphila. Kunconywa ukuba gqoka amagilavu futhi ugeze izandla zabo ngokuphelele ngemva kokusebenzisa. Hlala uphilile!