Indlela yokwenza ukope kumanethiwekhi ikhompyutha

Ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke, sonke bavame ukusho izwi "umzila": imoto emgwaqweni omkhulu, ikhebula umzila. Igama elithi liyasetshenziswa abaklami lapho esebenza ihluzo, program lapho iphutha isicelo, abaqondisi amanethiwekhi computer , njll ukusakazwa okunjalo akuhambisani incazelo ecacile -., Kuye isicelo has izici zayo siqu eceleni ecacisiwe. Ngokuvamile, indlela kuyinto isiqondiso, noma, uma uthanda, umugqa okunemibandela.

Esihlokweni lanamuhla sizogxila inethiwekhi ubuchwepheshe: indlela yokwenza trace. Kodwa okokuqala, ake sibone ukuthi ubani kungaba wusizo into. Uma abalawuli amaseva zonke kuyaqondakala, ngoba umsebenzi wabo ngqo, indlela lihlotshaniswa kufunwe kwikhompuyutha umsebenzisi abavamile? Isimo ijwayelekile abaningi: oyedwa (noma cha) ukhombe indawo ozithandayo inethiwekhi global ayisekho ivulekile. Inkinga nge uxhumano? Noma, kuseva target ziqhutshwa yimuphi umsebenzi? Noma inqolobane proxy wendawo ngandlela-thile ngokungalungile icubungula isicelo? Kuyaqondakala ukuthi wonke umuntu ufuna ukwazi isizathu sangempela okwenzekayo, kunokuba nomaphi ukuhlola izibikezelo zabo. Ngenxa yalesi zingamathuluzi ezimbili isofthiwe evumela ukuhlola indawo futhi ping umkhondo.

Noma iyiphi indawo - iqoqo Amakhasi umbhalo (ulimi meta-), okuyinto zitholakala ku-server. Lena-computer ephathwayo ekhethekile (impi), iwashi axhumene kunethiwekhi. Uma umsebenzisi e yekheli yesiphequluli sakho faka igama site isicelo iseva ithunyelwa yenethiwekhi, bese ibuyisela impendulo (isayithi uboniswa). Nokho, kuyaqabukela ikhompyutha yomsebenzisi ixhunyiwe ngqo emigqeni nezokuxhumana ukuthi iseva. Ngokuvamile, phakathi kwabo kukhona nezinye amayunithi - amaseva Lesisemkhatsini, kancane "okusobala 'zaleso sicelo. Ukulandelela kwiseva ihlinzeka uhlobo imephu - umzila lapho isignali sihamba. niqaphela ngokucophelela, ungakwazi akhombise awokuthi imbangela ukungasebenzi umtfombolusito.

Ukwazi indlela yokwenza nokuncane, ungakwazi ngokushesha 'wanqunywa' iphutha uxhumano ikhebula noma izilungiselelo isiphequluli. Njengoba kalula kunqunywa inkinga nge umhlinzeki. Ukuze uqonde indlela yokwenza kufunwe, impela nje, ngoba isofthiwe ezidingekayo likhona yonke yokusebenza izinhlelo ezinkulu (Vindous, i-Linux, i-Mac OS). Esimweni sokuqala libizwa ngokuthi "tracert", futhi okwesibili - "traceroute". Lokhu kwehluke kakhulu, Nokho ukusebenza idatha ithuluzi izinhlelo ezahlukene nsé.

Cabanga ukuthi Vindous uhlelo akawuvuli isayithi indawo, nazo zonke ezinye izinsiza web ayatholakala. Indlela yokwenza trace? Ukucindezela inhlanganisela "Win R", run umugqa wemiyalo. Ngokuvumelana uyithayiphe "tracert indawo" futhi akhiphe (Faka). Iwindi livela imiphumela zamanje. Bahlale bekulungele ezahlukene. It kuncike kanjani matasa engeyokuqala iseva futhi ekhethiwe olandelwayo amaphakethe idatha umzila.

Nge-syntax ngenhla kunikezwa inani eliphelele amaseva Lesisemkhatsini, abo-IP amakheli, futhi pinging ukubaluleka kwabo ngamunye. Ping oversized kusho ukubambezeleka kuvulwa isayithi target, kodwa sokuvala umyalezo isikhawu kubonisa inkinga esobala umzila (ithrekhi). By the way, phambi kwabo akusho ukuthi isayithi akawuvuli, njengoba izinkinga zesikhashana kuphela kungenzeka kusayithi. Empeleni ithuluzi tracert inikeza idatha eyabonisa, nakuba ukwethembeka impela high. Uma ukubambezeleka kwenzeka ISIZINDA Lesisemkhatsini, kubalulekile ukuphinda isicelo emva kwesikhathi - ukushintsha indlela futhi nesayithi libe lizovuleka. Kodwa uma ukubambezeleka kuseva target, imbangela ukungasebenzi isobala - kuba yinoma yisiphi inkinga ohlangothini umhlinzeki ibamba.