Indlela ukuhlukanisa kunjalo umenziwa wesenzo we genitive: zonke ngobunzima amacala isiRashiya

lolimi Russian Liyindawo elikhulu ngesikhathi esifanayo kunzima kakhulu. Nokho, uma bobabili kufanele baqonde isihloko inkinga ngawe, ekugcineni konke uyowela endaweni.

Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa indlela yokwahlukanisa kunjalo umenziwa wesenzo we genitive, ngokushushiswa nangobunzima yebo, lapho naniyingcosana isiZulu amabizo nezabizwana. Sizoqala ne nemiqondo eyisisekelo kanye nemithetho.

Inani amacala ngolimi Russian

Ngokuxhumana kwamagama nemisho yonke ezingxenyeni ezihlukene inkulumo kungathatha ifomu ezidingekayo: tento baguqulelwa ngezikhathi ezithile, izinombolo, abantu eseduze, nemabito, tinombolo, tiphawulo, tabito, participles - ngenombolo futhi icala. Ngakho zifeza yabo indima syntactic ku iziphakamiso, kodwa lokhu kubalulekile ukubenza kahle.

Ngo isiRashiya kukhona izimo 6 kuphela, ngamunye wabo zabo support issues futhi ukuphela. Nokho, lapho ekhetha yokugcina esikudinga ngempela ukuze ucabangele le Nokwehla amabizo. Plus bonke abahlanganyela amazwi alesi tenkhulumo, tiphawulo, participles kanye netinombolo futhi kuncike kulo. Ngakho, ukufunda ukushintsha izimo zonke lezi amayunithi morphological, okokuqala udinga ukufunda kulesi sigaba ngokuningiliziwe.

isiZulu

Ngu ephikelelayo emabito njengoba titfo tenkhulumo kukhona ubulili (owesilisa, owesifazane, maphakathi), Nokwehla (1st, 2, 3, futhi heteroclite indeclinable). Futhi, omunye kufanele bahlukanise phakathi Animate nemabito ezingaphili, Emabitomvama nelungile. Futhi kusukela esigabeni sesibili incike ushintsho ku izimo, kodwa kunalokho engeza ekupheleni kunesidingo.

Kufanele bazi ukuthi isiZulu emabito yokuqala wahlanganisa kokubili iduna nensikazi iphela "s" futhi "th", isibonelo, uthingo, impungushe, indoda. In the yesibili - wesilisa nge zero isiphetho (umalokazana wakhe, ubuhlakani, yogurt), futhi wonke amazwi okungenabulili (iwindi, entabeni Lodge), kanti eyesithathu - kuphela amazwi feminine ephela ngo "s" (umama, ebusuku, i-lynx ). Kodwa-ke izinguquko ku amacala emabito ukwehla kubalulekile kuphela sisebunyeni njengoba lisebuningini wonke amazwi kule ngxenye inkulumo babe ukuphela efanayo ( "s / s, s / th"), isibonelo, izimpungushe, yogurt, umama, ogwini, ihange.

Indima amacala

Ngamunye amacala eziyisithupha isiRashiya kunenjongo ayo futhi Inhloso isicelo umbhalo. Ngakho, zisebenzisa ukuba afeze amazwi abo indima syntactic, ukwakha ubuhlobo nge e imishwana.

Futhi amacala ungakwazi ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi ingxenye umusho ulandisa ibizo: uma kuwukuthi nominative - singaphansi, uma prepositional futhi esewuphendula "Kuphi", Esikhathini genitive ( "? Lapho") Noma umenziwa wesenzo ( " lapho ") -? kulesi simo, kwezinye izimo - ibhekwa.

Kepha iziphawulo participles, zingabantu, kungakhathaliseki kunjalo, ukuthola indlela futhi iinomboro ezima odinali. Kodwa ambalwa - zihlale izimo enenani izinyathelo kanye nezinga bese uphendula umbuzo "kangakanani?".

Ayikwazi ukushintshwa amacala

Ngokukhethekile kufanele kube emabito indeclinable futhi heteroclite. Ukuze ngosuku lokuqala Lawa ngamazwi, ikakhulukazi lathathwa izilimi zakwamanye amazwe. Ngokwesibonelo, casino, i-popsicle, mufflers, amabhodwe, ikhofi kanye nabanye. Ukuma wabo azizange zishintshe, okungukuthi, abakwazi ukunqaba ngoba icala ngoba isiphetho sabo izohlala injalo. Mayelana nale nkinga, indlela yokwahlukanisa kunjalo umenziwa wesenzo we isiphetho genitive noma khetha ngokubhala, kulesi sigaba asisebenzi amagama, kodwa ngoba kulula ukusebenzisa embhalweni.

I. n:. Inkomishi lokho? - ikhofi okumnandi

R. p:. Kungekho lokho? - ikhofi okumnandi

D. njll. Ukwengeza kulokho? - kuya ikhofi okumnandi

V. n:. Abekufuna yini loko? - ikhofi okumnandi

T. n:. Inuka lokho? - ikhofi okumnandi

P. n:. Okucabanga ngotho? - inkomishi okumnandi yekhofi

Shintsha ku amacala ngaphandle imithetho Nokwehla

Nokho, nobunzima eside kuyinto heteroclite, kukhona kuphela 11 (10 endleleni + "-mya": imbewu, umbele, umthwalo, umqhele, le isitibili, isizwe, isikhathi, igama, amalangabi, banner). Lapho bayashintsha ku izimo ukuthatha ekupheleni Declensions ezahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuphela ibizo ku umenziwa wesenzo noma nominative yochungechunge oluthile lwezinto ezenzeke amagama "-mya" akudingi ukwengeza isijobelelo "ene" ku isiZulu sisebunyeni. Kwezinye izimo-ke kuyadingeka.

Nokho, kungakho umbuzo kanjani ukuhlukanisa kunjalo umenziwa wesenzo we genitive akubahluphi emabito heteroclite, kusukela ukuma kubo. n., futhi liyefana. n. Esikhathini plural tijobelelo genitive wanezela kubo "-on" ( "amagama zezizwe") futhi "yang" ( "imbewu stirrups"). Vele uyikhumbule zibukeke: ku enamathiselwe isithombe "ithebula amacala heteroclite emabito".

Ubunzima main

Ukuze ufunde indlela yokubhekana nale nkinga kanjani ukuhlukanisa kunjalo umenziwa wesenzo we genitive, kubalulekile ukuba zifunde indlela ubuze imibuzo amazwi ukunquma izici morphological amabizo. Lokhu kuzosiza ukusizakala ngobuqili ongaphakeme ngokufaka esikhundleni amagama anzima kulabo ezingalingani ngokusobala izinhlobo ezimbili izwi, isb. E. Noma yimuphi Ngokwesibonelo we isiZulu 1st.

Ngakho, uma ubona zebizo umbhalo Animate lisebuningini, kunalokho kufanele usebenzise ezingaphili ngokwengqondo ngendlela efanayo. Ngokwesibonelo, "Ngibona umuntu - abantu" ( "Ngibona ukuthi - amabhuku" - ngoba akusona isihloko, akusiyo, futhi n, bese ukhetha esigabeni ....) "Akekho - abantu" ( "kukhona okuthile - amabhuku" - k n) ...

Uma inkinga kuyinto ibizo Animate kuyinto wesilisa Nokwehla 2nd, lo esikhundleni esikhundleni "umama" bese yini ukumbuza imibuzo umenziwa wesenzo kanye genitive ngamazwi asizayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngibona othile? - imbongolo (bheka umuntu - umama - .. Ngesikhathi p), akukho muntu? - imbongolo (akekho - umama - k n ..). Iqhinga efana ingasetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa umenziwa wesenzo kanye genitive icala tabito (siqu bese ubuyela), nokuncipha sebuniyo kufanele aqondiswe amabizo ehambisana.